List Diseases – C
There are different points of view regarding the terminology of this type of alcoholic liver damage. LG Vinogradova (1990) gives the following definition: "chronic alcoholic hepatitis" is a term that denotes relapses of acute alcoholic hepatitis that arise against the backdrop of an incompletely completed previous attack of acute alcoholic hepatitis and lead to a peculiar liver damage with traits of chronic hepatitis.
Symptoms of chronic adrenal insufficiency are primarily due to insufficiency of glucocorticoids. Congenital forms of hypocorticism appear from the first months of life. With autoimmune adrenalitis, the onset of the disease occurs more often after 6-7 years. Characteristic lack of appetite, weight loss, lower blood pressure, asthenia.
There are primary and secondary chronic adrenal insufficiency. The first is caused by the defeat of the cortical layer of the adrenal glands, the second occurs when the secretion of ACTH by the pituitary gland decreases or ceases.
Frequently arising or not completely cured inflammatory disease of the uterine appendages may eventually become a more protracted form - chronic adnexitis.
The term "choroiditis" unites a large group of inflammatory diseases, developing in the actual choroid of the eye.
Dystrophic processes in the choroid can have a hereditary nature or a secondary nature, for example, be a consequence of the transferred inflammatory processes.
Chorioamnionitis is an infection of the chorion and amnion, usually occurring at the time of delivery. Chorioamnionitis can be the result of an ascending infection through the genital tract.
Athetosis - wormlike movements, mainly in the distal parts of the limb, alternating positions of proximal limb sections form a picture of snake-like movements. Chorea and athetosis often combine (choreoathetosis). Gemiballism - one-way violent movements in the proximal arm, imitating a throw.
Chondrosarcoma is a malignant tumor of cartilaginous tissue. For this neoplasm is characterized by the presence of a cartilaginous tissue without signs of formation of a malignant osteoid.
Chondroperichondritis of the larynx is an inflammation of the perichondrium and cartilage of the larynx skeleton, caused either by the diseases described above (laryngeal angina, acute laryngoblochitis, submucosal laryngeal abcession), or resulting from traumatic damage to the larynx with disruption of the integrity of the mucosa and perichondrium and secondary infection, or as a result ulceration of the mucous membrane in diseases such as syphilis, tuberculosis, etc.
Chondromixoid fibroma (synonym: fibromyxoid chondroma) is a rare benign tumor of the lobed structure of the chondroid, myxoid and fibrous types.
Chondroma of the nose, in comparison with other localizations of cartilaginous tumors, the disease is extremely rare, since the cartilage of the nose has a much less pronounced proliferative capacity than the cartilage tissues of the epiphyses. There is a chondroma of the nose at all ages, but more often in young people.
Chondroid syringoma (syn: mucinous hydratenoma, the so-called mixed skin tumor) occurs mainly in men, can be observed in different parts of the body, but more often on the scalp, face and neck.
Chondroblastoma is a benign cartilaginous tumor that affects the epiphyses of tubular bones. It consists of closely located cellular elements predominantly round or polygonal, regarded as chondroblasts.
Cholithiasis implies the presence of one or more concrements (gallstones) in the gallbladder. In the USA, 20% of people over 65 years old have gallstones, and most of the disorders in the extrahepatic biliary tract are the result of cholelithiasis.
Cholestasis is a violation of excretion of bilirubin, which leads to an increase in the level of direct bilirubin and jaundice. There are many causes of cholestasis, which are revealed in laboratory studies, liver and biliary tract scanning, and sometimes liver biopsy and surgery. Treatment depends on the cause.
Cholestasis is a stagnation and a decrease in the intake of bile in the 12 duodenum as a result of a violation of its excretion due to a pathological process at any site from the hepatocyte to the father nipple.
Cholera is an acute intestinal infection caused by cholera vibrios, characterized by gastroenteric manifestations with rapid dehydration of the body due to loss of water and electrolytes with vomit and liquid stool.
Cholera (cholera) - acute anthroponous infectious disease with fecal-oral mechanism of transmission of the causative agent, for which typical diarrhea with rapid development of dehydration. In connection with the possibility of mass distribution refers to quarantine, dangerous to human diseases.