List Diseases – V
Vulvovaginitis (colpitis) - inflammation of the external genitalia in combination with inflammation of the vagina. At this age, vulvovaginitis accounts for about 65% of all diseases of the genital organs. In adolescent girls, vulvovaginitis caused by fungi of the genus Candida (found in 25% of cases of inflammatory diseases of the lower genital tract), and bacterial vaginosis (in 12% of cases) is more common.
Vulvovaginal candidiasis is caused by Candida albicans and sometimes by other species of Candida, Tomlopsis or other yeast-like fungi. According to the estimates, 75% of women will have at least one episode of vulvovaginal candidiasis over a lifetime, and 40-45% have two or more episodes.
Vulvit - acute or chronic recurrent inflammation of the vulva. In women of reproductive age, vulvitis usually occurs as a result of infection of the external genitalia with pathogenic microorganisms contained in vaginal discharge in colpitis, cervicitis, endometritis.
Vukhereriosis - transmissible filariasis, biogelmintosis, anthroponosis. Adult individuals live in lymphatic vessels, and larvae (microfilariae) in the blood.
Voyeurism is characterized by the achievement of sexual arousal when watching other people when they are naked, undressed or have sex. If one looks at people who are not suspected of this, then such sexual behavior often leads to problems
Von Willebrand disease is a congenital deficiency of vWF, which leads to platelet dysfunction. It is usually characterized by mild bleeding. Screening shows an increase in bleeding time, a normal number of platelets and, possibly, a slight increase in partial thromboplastin time.
Von Willebrand disease - a disease with an autosomal dominant type of inheritance - arises from a quantitative deficit or a qualitative defect in von Willebrand factor.
Nausea and vomiting are the most common symptoms during pregnancy; their appearance is associated with a rapid increase in estrogen levels. Although most often vomiting is noted in the morning (morning sickness), nevertheless, nausea and vomiting can occur at any time of the day.
Acute surgical pathology of the peritoneum, which consists in twisting any part of the intestine or its part around the mesentery or its axis. The gut lumen is overlapped, the mesenteric nerves and blood vessels are squashed, a mechanical obstacle arises in the digestive tract.
The voluminous mediastinal formations are represented by various cysts and tumors; the probable causes of them depend on the age of the patient and the localization of education in the anterior, middle or posterior mediastinum.
Nitrites (such as amyl, butyl, isobutyl, sold as Locker Room and Rush) can be inhaled to enhance sexual pleasure. Use is especially common among urban men of homosexual orientation.
Stickler syndrome (hereditary arthro-ophthalmopathy) is a disease of connective tissue collagen, manifested by vitreous pathology, nearsightedness, facial abnormalities of various degrees, deafness and arthropathy.
According to various studies, in the world the average prevalence of vitiligo among the population is about 1%. The causes and pathogenesis of vitiligo is still unknown. Currently, the most recognized theories of the emergence of vitiligo are neurogenic, endocrine and immune theories, as well as the theory of self-destruction of melanocytes.
Vitamin B6 is found in large quantities in fresh vegetables, cereals, yeast, meat, egg yolks and other products. Therefore, the true hypo- or vitamin deficiency of vitamin B6 is very rare and mainly in infants.
Vitamin B12 (cobalamin - Cbl) enters the body mainly with products of animal origin (such as meat, milk) and absorbed by absorption.
Visceral leishmaniasis in the Old World has two varieties - Mediterranean (children's) visceral leishmaniasis (HL) and Indian visceral leishmaniasis (adult leishmaniasis, kala-azar).
Virilizing tumors (Latin virilis - masculine) are hormonal-active neoplasms that secrete male sex hormones - androgens (T, A, DHEA). Virilizing tumors of the ovaries are a rare form of pathology. N. S. Torgushin for 25 years revealed androblastomy in 0.09% of 2309 ovarian tumors.
Viral pneumonia is caused by various viruses (they are listed at the beginning of the chapter). In adults, the most common cause is influenza A and B, parainfluenza, respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus.
Viral meningitis is considered one of the relatively favorable types of inflammation and is most often treated as an outpatient. Viral meningitis is affected mainly by children, less often by young people under 30 years old, the epidemiological peak falls on the summer period and is associated with an outbreak of enterovirus infections, respectively, the causative agent of the disease in 80% of cases - RNA-containing enterovirus ECHO.
Viral haemorrhagic fevers are a group of special natural focal infectious diseases that are recorded on all continents of the world, except Australia. Diseases are characterized by specific damage to the system of hemostasis (vascular, platelet and plasma links), multiorgan pathology with the development of severe hemorrhagic and intoxication syndromes, high lethality.