Drug monitoring

One of the modern trends in the field of clinical biochemistry is drug monitoring. Monitoring or monitoring of drugs throughout the treatment period is a complex analytical problem.

Vitamin D3, B12, E deficiency testing for adults and children

Vitamins are a series of vital substances, without which normal functioning of all cellular structures is impossible. Vitamin deficiency has a negative effect on general human health indicators and on the functions of individual organs.

Cyclosporine in the blood

Cyclosporine is widely used as an effective immunosuppressant to suppress the graft-versus-host reaction after bone marrow, kidney, liver, and heart transplants and in the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases.

Lithium in serum

Lithium ions are absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. It is excreted in urine (95%), feces (1%) and sweat (5%). The concentration of lithium in saliva is significantly higher than its concentration in blood serum. The blood-brain barrier is permeable to lithium, and its concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid is 40% of that in the blood serum.

Theophylline in serum

Theophylline inhibits phosphodiesterase, increases the level of cAMP in cells, is an antagonist of adenosine receptors in the lungs, causing the bronchi to dilate. Of the xanthine group, theophylline is the most effective bronchodilator.

Phenobarbital in the serum

Phenobarbital is primarily used as an anticonvulsant. It is taken orally, the drug is almost completely (up to 80%) absorbed in the small intestine. The maximum concentration of the drug is achieved 2-8 hours after a single oral dose, 1.5-2 hours after intramuscular administration.

Digitoxin in the serum

Digitoxin is a cardiac glycoside that differs from digoxin in its duration of action, which is associated with better solubility in lipids. Digitoxin is almost completely absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. In the blood serum, digitoxin binds to albumin.

Digoxin in the serum

Digoxin is one of the most commonly used cardiac glycosides. It is usually taken for a month. Absorption in the gastrointestinal tract is 60-80% of the dose taken. Most of the drug is excreted from the blood by the kidneys. Digoxin is prescribed mainly for heart failure and as an antiarrhythmic agent, along with other drugs.