In order to determine the presence of ethanol in the blood, it is not necessary to undergo any special tests. The fact is that even a small dose of alcohol can change its various characteristics.
Poisoning with nitrites, sodium nitroprusside, nitroglycerin, as well as chlorates, sulfonamides, aniline dyes, nitrobenzene, antimalarial drugs, butyl nitrite or amyl nitrite can cause methemoglobinemia.
Carbon monoxide (CO, carbon monoxide, carbon monoxide) is a colorless, tasteless, odorless gas that does not cause irritation, a product of incomplete combustion. It is a component of many industrial gases (blast furnace, generator, coke); the content of carbon monoxide in the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines can reach 1-13%.
Isopropanol (C3H7OH, isopropyl alcohol) is used in industry and clinical laboratory diagnostics as a solvent. It is less toxic than methanol and ethylene glycol.
Ethylene glycol (CH2OHCH2OH) is a dihydric alcohol widely used in heat exchangers, antifreeze compounds and as an industrial solvent. When taken orally, ethylene glycol is quickly absorbed in the stomach and intestines.
Methanol (CH3OH, wood alcohol, methyl alcohol) can be absorbed through the skin, respiratory tract, or gastrointestinal tract. When methanol enters the gastrointestinal tract, it is rapidly absorbed and distributed in body fluids. The main mechanism of methanol elimination in humans is oxidation to formaldehyde, formic acid, and CO2.
Ethyl alcohol (ethanol, C2H5OH) has a sedative-hypnotic effect. When taken orally, ethanol, like methanol, ethylene glycol and other alcohols, is easily absorbed from the stomach (20%) and small intestine (80%) due to its low molecular weight and solubility in lipids.
Toxicological studies play a vital role in diagnosing various types of poisoning. When conducting specific toxicological studies, it is very important to obtain test results as quickly as possible (1-2 hours).
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