Syndromes

Syndromes: clear overview, key topics, and practical navigation to related guides.

NMN and Longevity: Efficacy, Safety, and Evidence

Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) does appear to increase nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺) levels in human blood, but there is no evidence yet that it slows down aging or prolongs human life.

Is it possible to lengthen telomeres? What science really knows

Yes, telomeres can be lengthened at the cellular level, and there are indeed cases in which their measured length has increased. However, this doesn't yet mean that a healthy person can safely "lengthen telomeres," rejuvenate the body, and prolong life.

What are telomeres and how are they related to aging?

Telomeres are protective regions of DNA and associated proteins at the ends of chromosomes. They can be compared to the tips of shoelaces: they prevent the ends of chromosomes from being recognized by the cell as damaged DNA, fusing with each other, or being destroyed.

What changes in the body after 45 years are considered normal?

After 45 years, the body does indeed gradually change, but there is no physiological boundary at which aging suddenly begins at 45.

What is healthspan and how is it different from life expectancy?

Healthspan is the portion of life that a person spends in relatively good health, maintaining physical and cognitive function, independence, and the absence of severe limitations due to illness.

What is healthy aging: What does healthy aging really mean?

Healthy aging is not an attempt to stop old age or a state in which a person is disease-free. The World Health Organization defines healthy aging as the process of developing and maintaining functional capacity that enables well-being in old age.

What accelerates aging of the body: the main risk factors

Aging faster in the medical sense doesn't necessarily mean wrinkles appearing earlier. It's primarily about the earlier accumulation of chronic diseases, decreased muscle strength and physical function, deterioration of vascular function, metabolism, and the brain, and an increased risk of premature death.

Why We Age: Causes and Mechanisms of Aging

We age not because there is a single “aging timer” in the body, not because a pre-set number of heartbeats ends, and not only because of the shortening of telomeres.

Apert syndrome: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis

Apert syndrome is a rare congenital genetic disorder in which the sutures of the skull fuse prematurely, the development of the midface is disrupted, and complex syndactyly, or fusion of the fingers and toes, occurs.

Bardet-Biedl syndrome: symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis

Bardet-Biedl syndrome is a rare, inherited, multisystem disorder belonging to the group of ciliopathies, conditions associated with abnormal structure or function of the primary cilia of a cell.

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