Vulvovaginitis in girls

Vulvovaginitis (colpitis) is an inflammation of the external genitalia combined with inflammation of the vagina.

ICD-10 code

• N76 Other inflammatory diseases of the vagina and vulva.
• N76.0 Acute vaginitis.
• N76.1 Subacute and chronic vaginitis.
• N76.2 Acute vulvitis.
• N76.3 Subacute and chronic vulvitis.
• N76.4 Abscess of vulva.
• N76.5 Ulceration of vagina.
• N76.6 Ulceration of vulva.
• N76.8 Other specified inflammatory diseases of the vagina and vulva.
• N77.0 Ulcerations of vulva in infectious and parasitic diseases classified elsewhere.
• N77.1 Vaginitis, vulvitis and vulvovaginitis in infectious and parasitic diseases classified elsewhere. (B37.3 - Candidiasis of the vulva and vagina;
• A60.0 Herpetic infections of the genitals and urogenital tract).
• B37.3 Candidiasis of the vulva and vagina.
• N77.8 Ulceration and inflammation of vulva and vagina in other diseases classified elsewhere.
• A18.1 Tuberculosis of the genitourinary organs.
• A51.0 Primary syphilis of the genital organs.
• A54.0 Gonococcal infection of the lower genitourinary tract without abscessing of periurethral or accessory glands.
• A54.1 Gonococcal infection of the lower genitourinary tract with abscess formation of periurethral and accessory glands.
• A.56.0 Chlamydial infections of the lower genitourinary tract.
• A59.0 Urogenital trichomoniasis.
• A60.0 Herpetic infections of the genitals and urogenital tract.
• A63.0 Anogenital (venereal) warts.
• A64 Unspecified sexually transmitted diseases.

Epidemiology

In the structure of gynecological diseases, inflammatory processes in girls aged 1 to 9 years are most often localized in the vulva and vagina.

At this age, vulvovaginitis accounts for about 65% of all diseases of the genital organs. Teenage girls are more likely to have vulvovaginitis caused by Candida fungi (occurs in 25% of cases of inflammatory diseases of the lower genital tract) and bacterial vaginosis (in 12% of cases).

The main group is bacterial nonspecific vulvovaginitis caused by streptostaphylococcal infection and E. coli.

Bacterial vulvovaginitis does not have a specific pathogen and is caused by opportunistic microorganisms that primarily enter the vagina from the outside, and the flora vegetating in the vagina becomes pathogenic and causes an inflammatory process.

In childhood, the vaginal microflora consists of facultative anaerobes, strict anaerobes and microaerophiles.

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Causes vulvovaginitis in girls

The main reason for the development of vulvovaginitis in girls is overstrain of the child's body's defense systems, mediated by a number of factors:

• suppression of immunity;
• dysbacteriosis of the mother's birth canal;
• violation of the normal period of adaptation of the newborn;
• disruption of the development of microbiocenoses of the child's mucous membranes:
• frequent acute respiratory viral infections;
• hypertrophy of the elements of the lymphoid apparatus of the nasopharynx.

Symptoms vulvovaginitis in girls

The symptoms of vulvovaginitis in girls are similar and fit into the general idea of the inflammatory process of the vulva and vagina, regardless of the etiological factor.

Symptoms of vulvovaginitis in girls are characterized by a burning sensation after urination, itching, pain, discomfort in the area of the external genitalia, local catarrhal manifestations from minimal pastosity of the vulva to diffuse hyperemia and infiltration with transition to the skin of the perineum and thighs, the presence of leucorrhoea of various nature depending on the type of pathogen: from serous-purulent to purulent-bloody.

Diagnostics vulvovaginitis in girls

Vulvovaginitis in girls is diagnosed based on the clinical symptoms of the disease:

• discharge from the genital tract:
  • purulent;
  • mixed with blood;
  • purulent-bloody;
  • curdy;
  • creamy.
• hyperemia and swelling of the vulva;
• discomfort (pain, burning, etc.);
• soreness of the vulva;
• dysuria;
• itching of the vulva and vagina.

Screening for vulvovaginitis in girls

Screening for vulvovaginitis in girls involves conducting preventive examinations in preschool and school institutions. The risk groups for developing vulvovaginitis include girls:

• without personal and intimate hygiene skills;
• from socially disadvantaged and single-parent families;
• born to mothers with sexually transmitted infections;
• sexually abused;
• with systemic chronic diseases and atopic dermatitis.

Treatment vulvovaginitis in girls

Vulvovaginitis in girls is treated by different methods. The choice of treatment method for vulvovaginitis depends on the cause of the disease.

Treatment of vulvovaginitis caused by the presence of a foreign body in the vagina begins with the removal of the foreign body. Then the vagina is washed with antiseptic solutions.

Treatment of vulvovaginitis caused by enterobiasis should be started with antihelminthic (anthelmintic) treatment. The vagina is washed with antiseptic solutions.

The most difficult to treat is non-specific vulvovaginitis in girls, which usually occurs chronically. Its exacerbations usually occur after acute respiratory infections, flu or any other infection, as well as during exacerbation of chronic tonsillitis or chronic infection of another localization.

Prevention

Vulvovaginitis in girls can be prevented by following these rules:

• Timely treatment of vulvovaginitis and sanitation of infection foci (chronic diseases of the oropharynx, pyelonephritis, carious teeth, etc.).
• Avoidance of unjustified use of antiseptic and antibacterial drugs, glucocorticoids.
• Hardening (sports, water treatments).

Prevention of specific vulvovaginitis in girls should begin when planning pregnancy, when it is necessary to conduct adequate diagnostics and timely treatment of pregnant women to ensure the birth of a healthy child.

Forecast

Vulvovaginitis in girls usually has a favorable prognosis.