Diseases starting with a letter a

List Diseases – A

3 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Alcohol coma is the body's reaction to an excessive amount of alcohol in the blood, in other words, the more a person drinks, the greater the risk of severe intoxication and the development of a coma.

Alcohol and tobacco amblyolia

Alcohol-tobacco amblyopia usually develops in alcoholics and tobacco smokers who have a deficiency of protein and B vitamins. Most patients violate the diet, getting calories mainly from alcohol.

Albinism in children: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Albinism is a disorder in which there is a pathology of pigment cells, which is especially clearly reflected in the condition of the eyes and skin.

Albinism

Albinism (oculocutaneous albinism) is a hereditary defect in melanin production that results in widespread hypopigmentation of the skin, hair, and eyes; melanin deficiency (and hence depigmentation) may be complete or partial, but all areas of the skin are affected.

Akinetic rigid syndrome. Causes. Symptoms. Diagnosis

The term "hypokinesia" (akinesia) can be used in a narrow and broader sense. In a narrow sense, hypokinesia refers to an extrapyramidal disorder in which the inconsistency of movements is manifested in their insufficient duration, speed, amplitude, a decrease in the number of muscles involved in them and the degree of diversity of motor acts.

Airway obstruction

A distinction is made between obstruction of the upper and lower respiratory tract. The causes of obstruction of the respiratory tract are various diseases and injuries. In cases where the obstruction of gas flow during breathing occurs in the oral cavity, pharynx or larynx, respiratory disorders are considered in connection with obstruction of the upper respiratory tract, below the larynx - obstruction of the lower respiratory tract.

Air embolism

Air embolism (AE) occurs as a result of air entering the vessels of the lungs or systemic circulation (paradoxical embolism).

Agoraphobia

Agoraphobia is a fear of open spaces and large crowds, usually accompanied by social embarrassment. The term was originally coined to describe a fear of the marketplace.

Agony

Agony is the final stage of life before irreversible processes of dying occur in the body (that is, the transition from clinical to biological death).

Agnosia: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Agnosia is rare and occurs as a result of damage (e.g., infarction, tumor, trauma) or degeneration of the areas of the brain that integrate perception, memory, and identification.

Age-specific features of acute poisoning treatment

The peculiarities of resuscitation and intensive care in children are associated with quantitative and qualitative differences between the adult and child organism.

Agammaglobulinemia in children

Agammaglobulinemia in children is a typical disease that is accompanied by isolated antibody deficiency. This disease manifests itself in frequent recurrent bacterial infections.

Agalactia

Agalactia is the complete absence of breast milk in a woman in labor in the postpartum period. True pathology is rare, has an organic character, its treatment is currently impossible.

African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness). Causes. Symptoms. Diagnosis. Treatment

Trypanosomiasis is a group of transmissible tropical diseases caused by protozoa of the genus Trypanosoma. Trypanosomes undergo a complex development cycle with a change of hosts, during which they are in morphologically different stages. Trypanosomes reproduce by longitudinal division and feed on dissolved substances.

Affective disorders

Mood disorders are emotional disturbances characterized by prolonged periods of extreme sadness or extreme gaiety, or both. Mood disorders are divided into depressive and bipolar. Anxiety and related disorders also affect mood.

Aeriotitis. Causes. Symptoms. Diagnosis. Treatment

Aerotitis is an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the middle ear and its elements, which occurs as a result of barotrauma. Barotrauma is a mechanical injury to the walls of organs containing air (middle ear, paranasal sinuses, lungs), which occurs with sharp and significant changes in air pressure in the environment (both when it increases and decreases).

Adult respiratory distress syndrome. Causes. Symptoms. Diagnosis. Treatment

Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an acute respiratory failure that occurs with acute lung injury of various etiologies and is characterized by non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema, respiratory failure, and hypoxia.

Adrenogenital syndrome: symptoms, treatment

Adrenogenital syndrome (adrenal virilism) is a syndrome in which excess adrenal androgens cause virilization. Diagnosis is clinical, confirmed by elevated androgen levels with and without dexamethasone suppression; adrenal imaging with biopsy if a mass lesion is detected may be required to determine the underlying cause. Treatment of adrenogenital syndrome depends on the cause.

Adrenogenital syndrome in children. Symptoms. Diagnosis. Treatment

Congenital dysfunction of the adrenal cortex includes a group of hereditary enzymopathies. Each of the enzymopathies is based on a genetically determined defect of an enzyme involved in steroidogenesis. Defects of five enzymes involved in the synthesis of gluco- and mineralocorticoids have been described, with one or another variant of the drenogenital syndrome being formed.

Adrenal adenoma

Adrenal adenoma is a benign tumor that develops in the adrenal glands, paired organs located above the kidneys.

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List Diseases – A

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