Diseases starting with a letter a

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Acute obstructive bronchitis in children

Acute obstructive bronchitis is an acute bronchitis that proceeds with bronchial obstruction syndrome. For acute obstructive bronchitis, wheezing is characteristic. Acute bronchiolitis is a type of acute obstructive bronchitis with a lesion of the small bronchi and bronchioles. Bronchiolitis is characterized by respiratory failure and an abundance of fine bubbling rales (children of the first two years of life often suffer).

Acute obstruction of the central artery of the retina

Blockage of the main trunk of the central retinal artery by an embolus, a thrombus or a sharp spasm of it is clinically accompanied by a sudden blindness of the corresponding eye.

Acute myeloid leukemia (acute myelogenous leukemia): causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

In acute myelogenous leukemia, malignant transformation and uncontrolled proliferation of anomalously differentiated, long-lived precursor cells of the myeloid series causes the appearance of blast cells in circulating blood, replacement of normal bone marrow with malignant cells.

Acute myeloblastic leukemia

Acute myeloblastic leukemia accounts for one-fifth of all acute leukemia in children. The prevalence of acute myelogenous leukemia in the world is approximately the same and is 5.6 cases per 1,000,000 children.

Acute maxillary sinusitis (acute sinusitis)

Acute antritis is an acute inflammation of the predominantly mucous membrane and the submucosal layer of the maxillary sinus, sometimes extending to the periosteum and in rare cases, with a particularly virulent infection, to the bone tissue with transition to a chronic form.

Acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis. Causes. Symptoms. Diagnostics. Treatment

The causative agent of acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis is a filtering virus isolated by Armstrong and Lilly in 1934. The main reservoir of the virus is gray house mice that excrete the pathogen with nasal mucus, urine and feces. Infection of a person occurs due to the use of food products infected with mice, as well as airborne droplets when inhaled dust. Acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis is more often sporadic, but epidemic outbreaks are also possible.

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (first lymphatic leukemia): causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (the first lymphatic leukemia), which is the most frequent oncological disease in children, also affects adults of all ages. Malignant transformation and uncontrolled proliferation of anomalously differentiated, long-lived hematopoietic progenitor cells leads to the appearance of circulating power cells, replacement of normal bone marrow with malignant cells and potential leukemia infiltration of the central nervous system and abdominal organs.

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is a group of clinically heterogeneous clonal malignant neoplasms from lymphocyte precursor cells, usually having certain genetic and immunophenotypic characteristics. Secondary anomalies of cell differentiation and / or proliferation lead to increased production and accumulation of lymphoblasts in the bone marrow and infiltration of lymph nodes and parenchymal organs. In the absence of treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia quickly becomes a fatal disease.

Acute lymphadenitis

Acute lymphadenitis is an acute inflammatory process in the tissues of the lymph nodes, often is purulent. As a rule, acute lymphadenitis is secondary in nature when pathogenic microorganisms find themselves outside the local pathological focus and enter the lymph nodes.

Acute liver failure in children

Acute liver failure (ARF) is a rapidly developing disorder of the synthetic function of the liver, characterized by pronounced coagulopathy and hepatic encephalopathy.

Acute liver failure

Acute liver failure is of two types - large and small. The treatment of this disease is complex and long-term, involves the use of an etiological and pathogenetic approach.

Acute leukemia: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Acute leukemia is formed by malignant transformation of the hematopoietic stem cell into a primitive undifferentiated cell with an abnormal life span. Lymphoblasts (ALL) or myeloblasts (AML) exhibit an abnormal proliferative capacity, displacing normal bone marrow tissue and hematopoietic cells, inducing anemia, thrombocytopenia and granulocytopenia.

Acute left ventricular failure in children

In children, acute left ventricular failure is most often diagnosed after anatomical correction of simple transposition of the main arteries (by the method of arterial switching), and after total anomalous drainage of the pulmonary veins.

Acute left ventricular failure

Acute left ventricular failure often develops in patients with myocardial infarction, hypertensive disease, heart defects and coronary atherosclerosis. There is such acute heart failure, especially in the form of pulmonary edema. Pathogenetically, and depending on the mechanism of development, two forms of pulmonary edema are distinguished.

Acute laryngotraheronkitis in young children. Causes. Symptoms. Diagnostics. Treatment

Acute laryngotraheobronchitis in young children (1-2 years) is one of the most serious diseases complicating influenza infection, often despite all the measures taken, resulting in death.

Acute laryngitis (false croup) in children

Acute stenosing laryngitis is a laryngitis with an inflammatory edema of the mucous membrane and submucosal tissue of the subglottic region of the larynx, resulting in a narrowing of the larynx of the larynx or larynx and trachea.

Acute kidney failure

Acute renal failure is a syndrome caused by a sudden (within a few hours or days) a potentially reversible impairment of kidney or kidney function, which has developed on the basis of the damage to the tubular apparatus (tubular necrosis) due to exposure to exogenous or endogenous factors.

Acute interstitial pneumonia (Hammain-Rich syndrome)

Acute interstitial pneumonia is an idiopathic variant of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Acute interstitial pneumonia affects practically healthy men and women usually over the age of 40 with the same frequency.

Acute interstitial nephritis

Acute interstitial nephritis is an abacterial nonspecific inflammation in the interstitial tissue of the kidneys with secondary involvement of the tubules, blood and lymph vessels of the renal stroma in the process.

Acute inhalation

Leading importance in changing the condition of victims in a fire is directly damaged by hot air and combustion products of the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract, as well as inhalation poisoning with toxic substances, including carbon monoxide (CO) carbon monoxide.

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