List Diseases – I
Infectious endocarditis is an inflammatory lesion of the heart valves and the parietal endocardium of infectious etiology, occurring most often as a type of sepsis (acute or subacute) and accompanied by bacteremia, destruction of valves, embolic and immune (systemic) manifestations and complications.
Infectious complications are the most common causes of oncological patients entering the ICU. Both the tumor itself and its treatment (chemotherapy, radiation therapy, surgery) change the spectrum of prevalent pathogens (opportunistic, atypical pathogens), the clinical picture of habitual infections (absence or change of usual symptoms), the severity of the course of the infectious process (fulminant sepsis) e.
Urinary tract infections are a microbial-inflammatory disease of the urinary system without specifying a specific location. The term "infection of the urinary system" is used until the localization of the inflammatory process and the etiology of inflammation are clarified. The term is competent at the first stage of the disease, when there is no data for kidney damage in the examination of the patient, but there are signs of microbial involvement of the urinary tract.
Acute respiratory viral infections of ARVI in children occur in about 75% of all childhood diseases.
In the structure of surgical diseases, 35-45% fall on surgical infection - post traumatic and postoperative wounds, acute and chronic purulent diseases, development of hospital (nosocomial) infection of the skin and soft tissues.
Infected postnatal wounds can manifest themselves in different ways. Bacteriological study of exudate is carried out in order to determine the pathogen and its sensitivity to antibiotics. The sampling of the material should be performed at the beginning of antibiotic therapy.
Infected hydronephrosis and concomitant pionephrosis are two different stages of a secondary infectious process that are localized in the renal parenchyma.
In medicine, the term infantilism (exactly translated from Latin infantia means “infancy”) is one of the developmental disorders in which adults and children have physical or physiological parameters that are clearly inappropriate for their age, mental or behavioral characteristics.
Flux is an obsolete name for purulent periostitis, a consequence of the inflammatory process in the region of the root apex of the tooth, the subperiosteal and subgingival zones of the jaw. Flux in a child is characterized by the fact that the mucosa in the area of inflammation swells and the baby swells not only the gum but also the cheek.
Indian visceral leishmaniasis (synonyms: black disease, dum-doom fever, kala-azar). Indian visceral leishmaniasis is caused by Leishmania donovani, which in the human body parasitizes intracellularly in the amastigot (amoxicotic) stage, and in the carrier - in the promastigot stage (flagellar). Kala-azar (in the translation from Sanskrit - "black disease") affects adults, and only 5-6% of cases - children and adolescents.
The increase in the volume of the extracellular fluid is caused by an increase in the total sodium content in the body. Usually observed with heart failure, nephritic syndrome, cirrhosis. Clinical manifestations include weight gain, swelling, orthopnea. Diagnosis is based on clinical data. The goal of the treatment is to correct excess fluid and eliminate the cause.
To pathologies of the reproductive system that cause frequent urination, include prostatitis, prostate adenoma, prostate stones, malignant tumors. In this case, frequent urination is one of the manifestations of these diseases (most often prostate adenoma), but they can also serve as a source of ascending infection, especially with ascending urethritis, orchitis, epididymitis.
Increased intracranial pressure - intracranial pressure of more than 25 mm Hg. Art.
Proper digestion of food is a pledge of good health of the body as a whole. For a normal digestion process, the basic role is played by gastric secretion, acidity and the composition of gastric juice.
Causes and pathogenesis of pigment incontinence (Bloch-Sulzberg melanoblastosis). Incontinence of the pigment is due to a mutant dominant gene localized in the X chromosome.
Stool incontinence can be the result of injuries or diseases of the spinal cord, congenital disorders, accidental damage to the rectum and anus, prolapse of rectum, diabetes, severe dementia, fecal infringement, extensive inflammation, tumors, obstetric injuries and operations involving dissection or enlargement anal sphincter.
An unfinished turn of the intestine is a condition in which the normal process of development of the intestine is broken in the intrauterine period and it does not occupy its normal place in the abdominal cavity.
Insufficient lactation is one of the main reasons for the transfer of the child to artificial feeding. Therefore, it is important that a medical worker correctly assess the lactation function of a woman and help her to establish a full lactation.
Implantation of teeth implies the replacement of the roots of lost teeth, that is, the installation of a special design in the bone tissue of the jaw in place of missing teeth.
Causes and pathogenesis of impetigo. The causative agent of the disease are streptococci, staphylococci. The development of the disease is promoted by microtrauma, non-compliance with skin hygiene, weakening of immunity, or it occurs as a complication of various dermatoses (eczema, dermatitis, scabies, etc.).