Infantile infantile pycnocytosis.

Diseases caused by disruption of the lipid structure of the erythrocyte membrane also include infantile pycnocytosis, which is not a persistent hereditary pathology and has a transient nature and a favorable prognosis.

The etiology of the disease is unknown.

It is assumed that infantile pycnocytosis is a syndrome observed in a number of conditions: in premature infants after hemolytic anemia, renal failure, in newborns with G-6-PD deficiency, with infections, and possibly with vitamin E deficiency.

A pycnocyte is an irregularly shaped, intensely stained red blood cell with numerous spiny processes, usually smaller in size than a normal red blood cell.

The minimum degree of pycnocytosis is observed in children of the first 3 months of life, and it is most pronounced in premature babies. It has been established that full-term newborns contain 0.3-1.9% pycnocytes, while premature babies have 0.3-5.6% pycnocytes. In adults, their number does not exceed 0.3%. After 3 months of age, the number of pycnocytes decreases sharply. If for some reason it does not decrease and reaches 30-50%, clinical signs of the disease occur.

Clinically, pycnocytosis is characterized by jaundice, anemia, and splenomegaly. Jaundice may be absent until the third week of life, and anemia may occur at the age of 1 month. The severity of the hemolytic process is parallel to the number of pycnocytes in the peripheral blood.

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