List Diseases – D
Diffuse toxic goiter (synonyms: Graves' disease) is an organ-specific autoimmune disease in which thyroid-stimulating antibodies are produced. Thyroid stimulating antibodies bind to TSH receptors on thyroid cells, and the process, normally triggered by TSH, is activated, a synthesis of thyroid hormones. The autonomous activity of the thyroid gland, which does not lend itself to central regulation, begins.
Diffuse phlegmon pharynx (Senator's disease) is a disease that occurs extremely rarely. Characterized by a sudden violent onset with severe dysphagia, diffuse hyperemia, edema and inflammatory infiltration of all the walls of the pharynx.
Goiter - visible enlargement of the thyroid gland. Goiter occurs with various thyroid diseases and may be accompanied by clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism or thyrotoxicosis, often the symptoms of thyroid dysfunction are absent (euthyroidism). The presence of goiter itself does not allow us to establish the cause of the disease.
Explaining to patients what diffuse changes in the kidneys, detected during their ultrasound scan (US), mean, nephrologists and urologists talk about echographically visualized pathological abnormalities in the tissues and individual structures of this organ.
With the appearance of diffuse changes, the woman is most often diagnosed with "endometriosis", and this indicates that the chances of becoming pregnant and bearing a child are extremely low.
The term "diffuse axonal brain damage" was first proposed in 1982 by JH Adams, and pathology itself as a separate form of craniocerebral trauma was first described in 1956 by SJ Strich, who observed patients who were and vegetative status.
Diffuse (familial) polyposis is a hereditary disease manifested by the classical triad: the presence of a multitude of polyps (of the order of several hundred) from the epithelium of the mucosa; family character of the lesion; localization of lesions throughout the gastrointestinal tract. The disease ends with the mandatory development of cancer as a result of malignant polyps.
Diffuse (Ethiopian) cutaneous leishmaniasis, caused by L. Aephiopica. The causative agent of diffuse (Ethiopian) cutaneous leishmaniasis - L. Aephiopica, has a very limited distribution on the African continent (Kenya, Ethiopia) and causes a variety of clinical manifestations.
Diencephalic syndrome is a symptom complex caused by polyglandular dysfunction with disturbance of metabolic and trophic processes, the menstrual cycle and accompanied by disorders of the cardiovascular and nervous systems.
DIC-syndrome (a syndrome of disseminated intravascular coagulation) - consumption coagulopathy, developing with the participation of the antigen-antibody reaction and accompanied by thrombus formation in capillaries and small vessels with depletion and impaired formation of all factors.
The structure of cardiac pathology has undergone significant changes in the last decades of the last century. In Ukraine there is a persistent tendency to increase the cardiovascular morbidity of non-rheumatic nature, including secondary cardiomyopathies (CMS). Their prevalence increased from 15.6% in 1994 to 27.79% in 2004.
Diarrhea in pregnancy can be caused by diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, in particular, the colon, disorders in the work of the nervous system, the intake of medications, various general diseases, as well as toxicosis, infectious agents, since it is during pregnancy that the woman's body is particularly acute reacts to food toxins.
Hernia of the esophageal orifice of the diaphragm (diaphragmatic hernia) is a chronic recurrent disease associated with displacement of the diaphragm through the esophageal opening into the chest cavity (posterior mediastinum) of the abdominal esophagus, cardia, upper stomach, and sometimes bowel loops (Ts. G. Masevich, 1995 ).
The anemia of Diamond-Blackfen is the most famous form of partial red cell aplasia in children. The disease was named after the authors who described in 1938 four children with characteristic signs of the disease.
Diagnosis of systemic scleroderma, which is based on data from instrumental and laboratory studies, allows assessing the degree of involvement of internal organs and the severity of pulmonary hypertension.
After clarifying the diagnosis and establishing the prevalence of the process (localized, locally advanced or generalized), the doctor and patient face a choice of treatment.
Currently, the diagnosis of osteomyelitis, clarification of the localization and extent of damage, as well as determining the effectiveness of treatment is based on laboratory, bacteriological, morphological and radiation methods of research, which can be divided into priority and additional ones.
Measurement of cardiomarker levels speeds up and specifies such an event as the diagnosis of myocardial infarction, as well as the ability to predict its further development. The main biochemical markers, which uses the diagnosis of myocardial infarction - myoglobin, troponin I, troponin T, creatine-phosphokinase and lactate dehydrogenase.
Diagnosis of mitral valve prolapse is carried out on the basis of a comprehensive clinical and instrumental examination, including the analysis of subjective manifestations, typical auscultatory data and echocardiographic signs.
Timely diagnosis of liver cancer at an early stage of the pathological process by 30% increases the patient's chances of surviving.