List Diseases – D
Dengue fever is an acute zooanthroponotic arbovirus infectious disease with a transmissible mechanism of transmission of the pathogen, prevalent in countries of the tropical and subtropical belt. There are two clinical forms of the disease: classical and hemorrhagic (shock syndrome dengue).
Demyelination is a pathological process in which myelinated nerve fibers lose their insulating myelinated layer. Myelin, phagocytosed with microglia and macrophages, and later astrocytes, is replaced by a fibrous tissue (plaques).
Demodectic eyes or otherwise - ophthalmodemodecosis - refers to chronic diseases that are caused by tiroglyphoid mites.
This article presents diseases most often causing dementia - Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, HIV-encephalopathy (AIDS dementia) and dementia with Leah bodies. Together, they account for more than 80% of cases of dementia.
Dementia with Levi bodies is one of the most common forms of dementia. The disease is characterized by a progressive violation of memory, speech, praxis, thinking. Distinctive clinical features of dementia with Lewy bodies are fluctuations in mental status, transient states of confusion, hallucinations (most often visual), increased sensitivity to neuroleptics.
Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia in the western hemisphere, accounting for more than 50% of its cases. The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease increases with age. In women, the disease is more common than in men.
In the US, vascular dementia ranks second in prevalence after Alzheimer's disease. In some other regions of the world, where the incidence of stroke is very high, vascular dementia is ahead of the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease
Delusional disorder is characterized by delusions (false beliefs) close to everyday life that persist for at least 1 month, while there are no other symptoms of schizophrenia
White delirium tremens, or acute metal psychosis is observed in patients with alcohol dependence in the II-III stages of the disease and is characterized by a combination of delirious syndrome and expressed somatovegetative, neurological disorders.
In DSM-IV, delirium is defined as "a disorder of consciousness and a change in cognitive processes that develop over a short period of time" (American Psychiatric Association, DSM-IV). Delirium is characterized by easy distraction of patients, violation of concentration of attention, memory disorder, disorientation, speech disturbance.
Delirium in children is a special form of consciousness disturbance - its deep obscuration with hallucinations, incoherent speech, motor excitement.
Delay in puberty is the absence of an increase in mammary glands in girls who have reached the age of 13, or the development of secondary sexual characteristics beyond the upper limit of the age standard by 2.5 standard deviations.
Dehydration is a significant loss of water and, as a rule, electrolytes. Symptoms and signs include thirst, retardation, dry mucous membranes, decreased diuresis and with progression of the degree of dehydration - tachycardia, hypotension and shock. The diagnosis is based on anamnesis and physical examination. Treatment is carried out by oral or intravenous fluid and electrolyte refund.
Dehydration (dehydration) is the reduction of the total water content, when its losses exceed intake and formation or its sharp redistribution occurs.
Toxicosis with exciticosis in children of early age (intestinal toxicosis) is a syndrome complex characterized by dehydration (dehydration), CNS damage and hemodynamic disorders. Toxicosis with exsicosis (TE) is the most frequent variant of toxicosis.
What it is? This is such a lack of color vision, when the retina does not respond to the green color of the spectrum. In ICD-10, this visual impairment, like other color perception abnormalities, has the code - H53.5
Neomycin selectively acts on the cochlear hair cells of the cochlear snail and more often causes more frequent and deeper hearing damage than streptomycin, down to total deafness.
Deformities of the feet are characteristic manifestations of systemic diseases of the musculoskeletal system (SZODA). With multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, pseudoahondroplasia, late spondyloepiphysic dysplasia, congenital functionally significant deformities are rare.
The deforming polyposis of the nose is a particular form of nasal polyposis, found predominantly in young people, also called Vaquez syndrome.
Deformations of the outer ear include changes in the shape and size of the auricle and external auditory canal, which can be both congenital and acquired as a result of trauma or inflammatory-destructive diseases.