List Diseases – C
Contracture of the lower jaw (Latin contrahere - to tighten, to contract) is a sharp limitation of mobility in the temporomandibular joint due to pathological changes in the soft tissues surrounding it and functionally associated with it.
Contracture is a limitation of joint mobility, but with a clear presence of range of motion in it; complete immobility of the joint is defined as ankylosis of the joint; and the possibility of only punitive movements in the joint is called joint rigidity.
Contact ulcer of the esophagus is a rare disease that occurs as a result of prolonged pressing contact of the walls of the esophagus, located in front between the plate of the cricoid cartilage and behind - the body of the sixth cervical vertebra.
Contact dermatitis and eyelid eczema are forms of the disease that occur much more frequently than many other allergic eye diseases. Reflecting the reaction to a variety of external and internal factors, they differ from each other in some features of the clinical picture and its dynamics.
It is believed that most patients who wear contact lenses will at some point experience an allergic reaction of the conjunctiva: eye irritation, photophobia, discomfort when inserting the lens.
Prolonged or chronic inflammation of the pericardial bag - the outer connective tissue sheath surrounding the heart, accompanied by fibrous thickening and loss of elasticity of its tissues, is defined as compressive or constrictive pericarditis (from Latin constrictio - constriction, squeezing).
Constant sleepiness, also called hypersomnia, is a condition in which a person feels a constant and excessive desire to sleep throughout the day, even with adequate nighttime sleep.
Conjunctivitis most often occurs in children, less often in the elderly, and even less often in people of working age. Usually, the pathogen of conjunctivitis gets into the eye from the hands.
Caused by a virus of the Togaviridae family. Against the background of general clinical manifestations (upper respiratory tract catarrh, generalized and painful lymphadenopathy, slight increase in body temperature, small rash in the form of pale pink spots), catarrhal conjunctivitis and superficial keratitis occur. The outcome of the disease is favorable.
Chlamydia trachomatis is the most common cause of neonatal conjunctivitis in the West. The disease begins as a unilateral process but quickly spreads to the other eye.
Over-the-counter eye decongestants can be used to self-treat eye redness and discomfort.
Industrial and other chemicals can cause follicular conjunctivitis. Treatment of acute conjunctivitis in patients using contact lenses requires special attention.
Conjunctivitis is an inflammatory reaction of the conjunctiva to various influences. Characterized by hyperemia and edema, discharge from the conjunctiva, formation of follicles or papillae on it; conjunctivitis may be accompanied by edema and itching of the eyelids, damage to the cornea with decreased vision.
A conjunctival nevus is a relatively rare, benign, usually unilateral formation. The most common localization of a conjunctival nevus is the perilimbal region, followed by the conjunctival fold and caruncle.
There are quite a few processes that lead to increased intracranial pressure. The first place among them is occupied by intracranial tumors: they are the cause of the occurrence of congestive optic discs in 2/3 of cases.
Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a serious chronic condition in which the heart is unable to effectively supply the body with the blood it needs to function properly.
Congenital urethral valves are a fairly common urological pathology in boys (1:50,000 newborns) and are very rare in girls.
Neoplasms of this group include dermoid and epidermoid (cholesteatoma) cysts, which make up about 9% of all orbital tumors. Their growth is accelerated by trauma, and cases of malignancy have been described.
Congenital tuberculosis is rare. Infection of the fetus in the early stages of pregnancy leads to spontaneous abortions and stillbirths. If the pregnancy continues, children are born prematurely, with signs of intrauterine hypotrophy, low body weight. In the first days after birth, the child may seem healthy.
Congenital triphalangism of the first finger of the hand is a developmental defect in which the thumb (like the other fingers of the hand) has three phalanges. The main features that allow differentiating various forms of this defect are: the longitudinal dimensions of the first metacarpal bone and the location of its epiphyseal growth zone; the size and shape of the additional phalanx: the longitudinal dimensions of the first ray of the hand: the size of the first intercarpal space: the state of the thenar muscles, functions of the hand.