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Congenital tuberculosis
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Congenital tuberculosis is rare. Infection of the fetus in the early stages of pregnancy leads to spontaneous abortions and stillbirths. At preservation of pregnancy children are born prematurely, with signs of an intrauterine hypotrophy, the weighed body weight. In the first days after birth, the child may seem healthy. At the second week there are lethargy, drowsiness, dyspeptic disorders, the symptoms of intoxication increase, hepatolienal syndrome, peripheral lymph nodes, signs of respiratory insufficiency (dyspnea, cyanosis), in the lungs there are auscultatory catarrhal changes, percutaneous changes, there may be jaundice, hemorrhagic syndrome. There may also be an acute onset of the disease from birth (in the case of a miliary dissemination) with progressive deterioration of the general condition and attachment of neurologic symptoms.
Diagnostic criteria of congenital tuberculosis:
- presence of tuberculosis in the mother;
- the results of a carefully collected history (previously noted at the mother's complaints of weakness, subfebrile condition, prolonged bronchitis, ARVI, past infertility, spontaneous abortions, inflammatory diseases of the genital organs, pyelonephritis).
In the absence of data on tuberculosis in the mother, differential diagnosis is difficult. The clinical picture is similar to many diseases (intrauterine infection, generalized mycoplasma infection, pneumocystis, congenital syphilis, sepsis, pneumonia, HIV infection). When suspected of congenital tuberculosis, an X-ray examination of not only the child but also the mother is necessary.
[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12],