Diseases starting with a letter a

List Diseases – A

3 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Anterior dislocation of the mandible: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Dislocations of the lower jaw account for 1.5 to 5.7% of all dislocations; they occur more often in women aged 20 to 40 years, since the ligamentous apparatus of their joints is not strong enough, and the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone has a shallow depth.

Anterior cruciate ligament injuries: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

For several decades, work has been carried out to study the results of arthroscopic treatment of injuries to the capsular-ligamentous apparatus of the knee joint.

Ant bite

Many people simply adore relaxing in nature: in a forest clearing, in a park or simply at a dacha. However, it often happens that even the best relaxation is spoiled by insects - in particular, ants.

Anovulation

As soon as a girl's body is ready for motherhood, she begins to menstruate. Approximately in the middle of the menstrual cycle, an egg cell matures and leaves the ovary each month, ready for fertilization.

Anorexia nervosa

Nervous anorexia is a borderline mental pathology. Nervous anorexia is distinguished as an independent borderline mental illness, in which most patients have a hereditary burden in the form of various personality anomalies and character accentuations in their parents.

Anorectal fistula (rectal fistula): causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

An anorectal fistula is a tubular passage that opens on one side into the anal canal and on the skin in the perianal area with the other opening. Symptoms of anorectal fistulas include discharge from the fistula and sometimes pain. Diagnosis is made by examination and sigmoidoscopy. Treatment of anorectal fistulas often requires surgery.

Anorectal cancer: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Most often, anorectal cancer is represented by adenocarcinoma. Squamous cell (nonkeratinizing epithelial or basal cell) carcinoma of the anorectal zone accounts for 3-5% of cancerous lesions of the distal colon.

Anorectal abscesses: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Anorectal abscesses (paraproctitis) are limited accumulations of pus in the pararectal area. Abscesses usually develop in the anal crypts. Symptoms include pain and swelling. Diagnosis is made by examination and CT or MRI of the pelvis for deeper abscesses. Treatment involves surgical drainage.

Anorchism

Anorchism is a congenital absence of both testicles due to their bilateral agenesis. It is usually combined with bilateral agenesis or aplasia of the kidneys, but can exist as an independent anomaly. With bilateral aplasia of the kidneys, children are not viable.

Anophthalmos

The term "anophthalmos" is used when there is no eye. It is possible to have a significantly reduced in size, barely visible rudimentary eyeball.

Anomalous branching of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery. Symptoms. Diagnosis. Treatment

Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery accounts for 0.22% of all congenital heart defects. The left coronary artery originates from the left, less often from the right sinus of the pulmonary artery, its further course and branches are the same as in the norm.

Anomalies of uterine location. Causes. Symptoms. Diagnosis. Treatment

In the position of the female genitals, there are relatively often violations (anomalies), which are mainly secondary and depend on various pathological processes that occur both in the genitals and outside the uterus and its appendages. The disorders observed in this case are not only determined by the displacement of the uterus, but also depend on the underlying disease that caused this anomaly.

Anomalies of the structure of the renal parenchyma. Causes. Symptoms. Diagnosis. Treatment

Renal parenchyma structure anomalies are divided into megacalyx, Fanconi disease, and spongy kidney. These developmental defects are often accompanied by impaired renal function.

Anomalies of the renal vessels. Causes. Symptoms. Diagnosis. Treatment

Renal vascular anomalies are divided into congenital defects of the structure, quantity, shape and location of arterial vessels and are frequently diagnosed among all anomalies of the kidneys and urinary tract.

Anomalies of kidney development. Causes. Symptoms. Diagnosis. Treatment

Renal malformations are fairly common diseases of the urinary system, as they occur with a frequency of 40% among hereditary malformations.

Anomalies and deformities of the jaws: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

The size and shape of the jaws can vary greatly according to the individual size and shape of the entire face.

Ankylostomidoses: ankylostomiasis, necatoriasis. Causes. Symptoms. Diagnosis. Treatment

Ancylostomiasis is a geohelminthiasis. Adult helminths parasitize in the duodenum and jejunum of humans. Ancylostomiasis includes two helminthiases: ancylostomiasis caused by the hookworm of the duodenum - Ancylostoma duodenale, and necatoriasis caused by the hookworm - Necator amencanus.

Ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint is a fibrous or bony fusion of the articular surfaces, causing partial or complete disappearance of the joint space.

Ankle ligament injury: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Among isolated ruptures of the ankle joint ligaments, only a violation of the integrity of the anterior talofibular ligament is practically encountered. The mechanism of injury is indirect - forced supination with plantar flexion.

Ankle fracture without dislocation

A significant proportion of lower extremity injuries are to the bony structures of the distal tibia located on both sides of the ankle joint, i.e. Ankle fracture without bone displacement.

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List Diseases – A

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