List Diseases – T
Tumors of the brain in children in comparison with adults have a number of features. First of all, this is the high frequency of infratentrally located formations (2/3, or 42-70%, of brain tumors in children) with a predominant lesion (up to 35-65%) in the structures of the posterior cranial fossa. Among the nosological forms, the frequency is dominated by astrocytomas of different degrees of differentiation. Medulloblastoma, ependymoma and gliomas of the brain stem.
According to autopsy data, adrenal tumors are found in 5-15% of adults. This disease affects men more often.
Bone tumors account for 5-9% of all malignant neoplasms of childhood. Histologically, bones consist of several types of tissues: bone, cartilaginous, fibrous and hematopoietic. Accordingly, bone tumors can have a different origin and differ in a significant variety.
At the heart of tumor-like processes observed in the vessels of the skin, lie embryonic dysplasias, accompanied by the cleavage of angioblastic elements, which, starting from the embryonic period, proliferate and form various kinds of hamartomas.
Tumors - excess, uncoordinated with the body, pathological growth of tissues, continuing after the cessation of the causes that caused it.
Tumors of the small intestine account for 1-5% of gastrointestinal tumors. Benign tumors include leiomyomas, lipomas, neurofibromas and fibromas. All of them can cause bloating, pain, bleeding, diarrhea and in case of obturation - vomiting. Polyps are not as characteristic as for the large intestine.
Epidemiological and statistical information concerning a disease such as a salivary gland tumor has not been registered until recently. The main reasons for this fact were: the absence of a separate statistical record; association with other malignant neoplasms of the upper part of the digestive tract, as well as statistical errors, demographic differences and other local factors.
Tularemia is a natural focal acute infectious disease with fever, specific lymphadenitis, and damage to various organs.
Tularemia (Latin tularemia, plague disease, rabbit fever, small plague, mouse disease, fever fever, epidemic lymphadenitis) is an acute zoonotic bacterial natural focal infectious disease with various mechanisms of transmission of the pathogen. It is characterized by fever, intoxication, inflammatory changes in the entrance gate of infection, regional lymphadenitis.
To tubulointerstitialnoe nephropathies include a variety of diseases of the kidneys that occur with the primary lesion of mainly tubular structures and interstitium.
Nephropathy, characterized mainly by a violation of transport processes, as a rule, with a preserved filtration function of the kidneys, tubular dysfunction.
Tuberous sclerosis is a hereditary disease characterized by hyperplasia of ecto- and mesodermal derivatives. Type of inheritance is autosomal dominant. Mutant genes are located in the loci 16p 13 and 9q34 and encode tuberins - proteins that regulate the GT-phase activity of other extracellular proteins.
Tuberculous pleurisy is an acute, subacute, chronic or relapsing tubercular inflammation of the pleura that can occur as a complication in any form of tuberculosis. The most common pleurisy is observed with pulmonary tuberculosis.
In children and adolescents, pleurisy can occur as a complication of tuberculosis of the intrathoracic lymph nodes and the primary tuberculosis complex. And also as an independent disease.
Pericarditis - inflammation of the heart membranes of an infectious or non-infectious nature. It can be an independent and the only manifestation of any infectious disease, including tuberculosis, but is more often a complication of the common common infectious or non-infectious process.
Primarily occurs exceptionally rarely. As a rule, tuberculous otitis media develops against the background of pulmonary tuberculosis or bones. Patients begin to notice a one- or two-sided hearing loss, accompanied by ear noise.
The defeat of peripheral lymph nodes is more often caused by bovine mycobacteria. This must be taken into account when diagnosing in certain regions of Russia, especially in rural areas. The development of a specific process in the lymph nodes is attributed by many authors to the lymphotropic capacity of the MVT and the barrier function of lymph nodes rich in elements of the mononuclear phagocyte system, in which the initial reactive (and then specific) changes occur most often.
Tuberculous keratitis can develop as a result of hematogenous metastasis of mycobacterium tuberculosis or as a tuberculosis-allergic disease.
Tuberculosis hepatitis is usually found in autopsy or laparoscopy in patients with abdominal tuberculosis. Tuberculosis of the liver accompanies intestinal tuberculosis in 79-99% of cases.
With disseminated tuberculosis chorioretinitis, ophthalmoscopy reveals different prescription and forms of foci in the choroid and retina.