List Diseases – M
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) (preleukemia, small cell leukemia) are a heterogeneous group of clonal disorders characterized by abnormal growth of myeloid components of the bone marrow. Myelodysplastic syndromes are characterized by disruption of normal maturation of hematopoietic cells and signs of ineffective hematopoiesis.
Myasthenia gravis is an acquired autoimmune disease characterized by weakness and pathological fatigue of skeletal muscles. The incidence of myasthenia is less than 1 case per 100,000 population per year, and the prevalence is from 10 to 15 cases per 100,000 population. Myasthenia is especially common in young women and men over 50 years of age.
Myalgia is a symptom accompanied by pain in the muscles (diffuse or in a specific group), which occurs both spontaneously and upon palpation.
Prothrombin, or factor II, is converted into an active form by factors X and Xa, which activates the formation of fibrin from fibrinogen. This mutation is thought to account for 10–15% of inherited thrombophilias, but occurs in approximately 1–9% of nonthrombophilic mutations.
A decrease in skeletal muscle tone (residual tension and resistance of muscles to passive stretching) with a deterioration in its contractile function is defined as muscle hypotonia.
This syndrome refers to a decrease in muscle tone. This is not a normal lack of physical culture, insufficient training of the muscular system.