List Diseases – M
Obesity, which is a pathological increase in body weight due to excessive accumulation of adipose tissue, is an independent chronic disease and at the same time an important risk factor for insulin-independent diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis, cholelithiasis and some malignant tumors.
"Mochesiol diathesis" - this name has a specific pathological process, in which a higher concentration of calcium salts (urates and oxalates), as well as purines and uric acid, is observed in the human body.
Mobius syndrome is a very rare congenital sporadic anomaly.
Miasis - invasion by larvae of some species of flies and gadflies; characterized by polymorphism of clinical manifestations depending on the localization of the parasite.
A group of disorders characterized by the presence of specific speech development disorders, school skills, and motor functions in one person without a significant predominance of one of the defects required to establish a primary diagnosis. A common symptom for this category of disorders is their combination with some degree of cognitive impairment.
Mixed behavioral and emotional disorders are a group of disorders characterized by a combination of persistent aggressive, dissocial or defiant behavior with obvious symptoms of depression, anxiety, or other emotional disorders.
Mixed cryoglobulinemia is a special type of systemic vasculitis of small vessels, characterized by the deposition of cryoglobulins in the vessel wall and most often manifested by skin lesions in the form of purpura and glomeruli of the kidneys.
Mixed connective tissue disease is a rare disease characterized by simultaneous manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic scleroderma, polymyositis or dermatomyositis, and rheumatoid arthritis
The prolapse of the mitral valve is the deflection of the mitral valve flaps into the left atrium during systole. The most common cause is idiopathic myxomatous degeneration. Mitral valve prolapse is usually benign, but complications include mitral regurgitation, endocarditis, valve rupture, and possible thromboembolism.
Mitral valve prolapse (Angle syndrome, Barlow syndrome, mesosystolic click and late systolic noise syndrome, clapping valve syndrome) - deflection, protrusion of the valve cusps into the cavity of the left atrium during systole of the left ventricle.
Mitral stenosis (stenosis of the left atrioventricular orifice) - obstruction of blood flow in the left ventricle at the level of the mitral, valve, preventing its proper opening during diastole.
Mitral regurgitation - failure of the mitral valve, leading to the emergence of flow from the left ventricle (LV) into the left atrium during systole.
Among genetically determined diseases of pyruvic acid metabolism, defects of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and pyruvate carboxylase are isolated. Most of these conditions, with the exception of the deficiency of E, the alpha component
The main representatives of this group of diseases are mainly associated with deficiency of the following mitochondrial enzymes: fumarase, a-keto-glutarate dehydrogenase complex, succinate dehydrogenase and aconitase.
The population frequency of this group of diseases is 1:10 000 live births, and diseases caused by a mitochondrial DNA defect, approximately 1: 8000.
The study of mitochondrial diseases caused by the violation of beta oxidation of fatty acids with different lengths of the carbon chain was started in 1976, when scientists first described patients with deficiency of acyl-CoA dehydrogenase of medium-chain fatty acids and glutaric acidemia of type II.
Mitochondrial diseases are a large heterogeneous group of hereditary diseases and pathological conditions caused by structural disorders, mitochondrial functions and tissue respiration. According to foreign researchers, the incidence of these diseases in newborns is 1: 5000.
In the United States, most people get bites from different types of Ixodidae mites that attach to a person and, if not removed, feed on it for several days.
"Mirror Brush", or ulnar dimelia is a rare congenital anomaly that is characterized by a doubling of the ulna, lack of a radius and the first finger of the hand, an excessive number of fingers, usually symmetrically located relative to the midline. Usually visualize the restriction of movements in the elbow joint, rotational movements of the brush, as in these patients instead of the head of the radius in the elbow joint proximal part of the second ulnar bone participates.
Minimal changes in glomeruli (lipid nephrosis) with light microscopy and immunofluorescence study are not detected. Only electron microscopy reveals the fusion of leg processes of epithelial cells (podocytes), which is considered the main cause of proteinuria in this form of glomerulonephritis.