List Diseases – M
Mixed connective tissue disease is a rare disorder characterized by the simultaneous presence of manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, polymyositis or dermatomyositis, and rheumatoid arthritis.
Mixed disorders of conduct and emotions are a group of disorders characterized by a combination of persistent aggressive, dissocial, or defiant behavior with overt symptoms of depression, anxiety, or other emotional disturbances.
Mitral valve prolapse is a prolapse of the mitral valve leaflets into the left atrium during systole. The most common cause is idiopathic myxomatous degeneration. Mitral valve prolapse is usually benign, but complications include mitral regurgitation, endocarditis, valve rupture, and possible thromboembolism.
Mitral valve prolapse (Angle syndrome, Barlow syndrome, midsystolic click and late systolic murmur syndrome, flapping valve syndrome) is a deflection and bulging of the valve cusps into the cavity of the left atrium during left ventricular systole.
Mitral stenosis (stenosis of the left atrioventricular orifice) is an obstruction of blood flow in the left ventricle at the level of the mitral valve, preventing it from opening properly during diastole.
Mitral regurgitation is a leakage of the mitral valve resulting in flow from the left ventricle (LV) into the left atrium during systole.
The study of mitochondrial diseases caused by impaired beta oxidation of fatty acids with different carbon chain lengths began in 1976, when scientists first described patients with a deficiency of acyl-CoA dehydrogenase of medium-chain fatty acids and glutaric acidemia type II.
The main representatives of this group of diseases are mainly associated with a deficiency of the following mitochondrial enzymes: fumarase, a-keto-glutarate dehydrogenase complex, succinate dehydrogenase and aconitase.
The population frequency of this group of diseases is 1:10,000 live births, and diseases caused by a defect in mitochondrial DNA are approximately 1:8000.
Among the genetically determined diseases of pyruvic acid metabolism, defects of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and pyruvate carboxylase are distinguished. Most of these conditions, with the exception of deficiency of the E, alpha component
Mitochondrial diseases are a large heterogeneous group of hereditary diseases and pathological conditions caused by disturbances in the structure, functions of mitochondria and tissue respiration. According to foreign researchers, the frequency of these diseases in newborns is 1:5000.
Minimal changes in the glomeruli (lipoid nephrosis) are not detected by light microscopy and immunofluorescence studies. Only electron microscopy reveals the fusion of the pedunculated processes of epithelial cells (podocytes), which is considered the main cause of proteinuria in this form of glomerulonephritis.
When the diffuse spread of tuberculosis bacteria in the body is accompanied by the appearance of many very small foci in the form of tubercles - tubercles or granulomas - nodules the size of a grain of millet (in Latin - milium), miliary tuberculosis is diagnosed).
Today, many women complain that they are bothered by thrush before, during and after menstruation. Is this normal or pathological? Even experienced specialists do not have a clear answer to this question.
Soft leukoplakia was first described by B.M. Pashkov and E.F. Belyaeva (1964), and differs from the usual forms of leukoplakia by the presence of slightly raised white lesions on the mucous membrane of the cheeks, lips, and tongue, covered with soft scales that can be easily removed with a spatula.
Miculicz's disease (synonyms: sarcoid sialosis, Miculicz's allergic reticuloepithelial sialosis, lymphomyeloid sialosis, lymphocytic tumor) is named after the physician J. Miculicz, who in 1892 described an enlargement of all major and some minor salivary glands, as well as lacrimal glands, which he observed over 14 months in a 42-year-old peasant.
Very close in clinical manifestations to linear migratory myiasis is "migrating larva" (larva migrans) - a skin disease caused by the larva of intestinal worms, most often hookworms (Ancylistoma brasiliense, A. ceylonicum, A. caninum). All these parasites are intestinal worms of animals, primarily dogs and cats.
Migraine status - more pronounced and prolonged migraine symptoms compared to a normal attack. Migraine development is caused by a hereditary predisposition to inadequate regulation of cerebral vascular tone (spasm and subsequent vasodilation) in response to various external and internal environmental factors.
Migraine is the most common diagnosis for headaches, which are characterized by attacks of pulsating pain in the head lasting from several hours to several days, mainly in one half of the head, more often in women, and also in young and adolescent age.
In Russian literature, acute catarrh of the middle ear is understood as non-purulent inflammation of the middle ear, developing as a result of the transition of the inflammatory process from the nasopharynx to the mucous membrane of the auditory tube and eardrum.