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Mycoplasmosis and ureaplasmosis
Last reviewed: 04.07.2025
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Mycoplasmosis and ureaplasmosis are widespread among the population. They are transmitted through sexual contact.
The difficulty of diagnosing mycoplasma infections, the prevalence of mycoplasmosis and the inadequacy of the therapy have led to the prevalence of these infections over “classic” venereal diseases.
[ Causes mycoplasmosis
It has been established that humans are natural hosts for at least 14 species of mycoplasma. Four species (Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Mycoplasma hominis, Mycoplasma genitalium, Ureaplasma urealyticum) are pathogenic for humans, however, their frequent detection in apparently healthy individuals makes it difficult to resolve the issue of the role of these microorganisms in the etiology and pathogenesis of urogenital tract diseases.
Symptoms mycoplasmosis
Symptoms of mycoplasma infection do not have pathognomonic signs. Clinical symptoms of non-gonococcal urethritis, endometritis, spontaneous abortion, neonatal sepsis are described, in which M. hominis, M. genitalium, U. Urealyticum were isolated in monocultures.
Mycoplasma and ureaplasma infections pose the greatest danger to pregnant women, in whom they occur most frequently and lead not only to the development of pathological processes in the urogenital tract, but also to damage to the fertilized egg at different stages of its development, which in turn causes abortion of the fetus or the formation of an intrauterine infection.
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According to modern classification, mycoplasmas belong to the Mycoplasmataceae family (Mycoplasmatales order, Mollicutes class). This family is divided into two genera: the Mycoplasma genus, which includes about 100 species, and the Ureaplasma genus (urea - urea, plasma - taking any form), which currently has only 3 species. The main taxonomic feature of ureaplasmas is their ability to hydrolyze urea.
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