List Diseases – M
Megaloblastic anemias result from vitamin B12 and folate deficiency. Ineffective hematopoiesis affects all cell lines, but especially the erythroid line.
Megaloblastic anemias are a group of diseases characterized by the presence of megaloblasts in the bone marrow and macrocytes in the peripheral blood.
Medulloblastoma is a malignant tumor that affects the central nervous system and originates in embryonic cells. Therefore, this disease is most often found in children under 10 years of age (70% of all intracranial tumors), and is observed in boys 2-3 times more often than in girls.
Medullary sponge kidney belongs to the group of so-called cystic kidney diseases; it is characterized by ectasia and the formation of cysts in the segments of collecting tubules located inside the renal pyramids and papillae.
In cases of pronounced dysplasia of lymphoid tissue and malignant lymphomas of plasmacytic differentiation, monoclonal gammopathies are often observed. In this case, the nature of the gammopathies, as a rule, corresponds to the plasma cell secretion of the field in which the lymphoma develops.
A special feature of pharmacotherapy in obstetrics is the participation of doctors of three specialties. According to rough estimates, during childbirth, 32% of newborn children receive more than six drugs from the mother's body. One third of them are prescribed due to complications of the pregnant woman taking other drugs during pregnancy and childbirth.
Liver disease can have a complex effect on the elimination, biotransformation and pharmacokinetics of drugs. These effects involve a variety of pathogenetic factors: intestinal absorption, plasma protein binding, liver elimination rate, intrahepatic blood flow and portosystemic shunting.
Many drugs cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, drug-induced gastroenteritis, which are considered side effects. It is necessary to collect a detailed anamnesis regarding the use of the drug.
Allergic eye reactions caused by drugs, referred to as adverse drug reactions or "drug-induced eye disease" (drug-induced allergic conjunctivitis), are one of the most common manifestations of allergic eye damage.
Mediastinitis is an inflammatory process in the organs of the mediastinum, which often leads to compression of blood vessels and nerves. In the clinic, all inflammatory processes that in clinical practice most often cause mediastinal syndrome, including traumatic injuries, are interpreted by the term "mediastinitis".
Meconium ileus is an obstruction of the terminal ileum by abnormally viscous meconium; it almost always occurs in neonates with cystic fibrosis. Meconium ileus accounts for up to one-third of all cases of small bowel obstruction in neonates.
Meckel's diverticulum is a congenital sac-like diverticulum of the distal ileum that occurs in 2-3% of people. It is usually located within 100 cm of the ileocecal valve and often contains heterotopic gastric and/or pancreatic tissue. Symptoms of Meckel's diverticulum are uncommon but include bleeding, bowel obstruction, and signs of inflammation (diverticulitis).
From a microbiological point of view, meat is a good breeding ground for unwanted microorganisms, and meat poisoning is a foodborne toxic infection of microbial etiology, which is caused by a number of enteropathogenic pathogens.
Measles is an acute infectious disease with an increase in body temperature, intoxication, catarrh of the upper respiratory tract and mucous membranes of the eyes, as well as a maculopapular rash.
Measles (morbilu) is an acute highly contagious anthroponous viral disease characterized by a cyclical course, manifested by general intoxication, maculopapular rash on the skin, pathognomonic rashes on the oral mucosa, catarrh of the upper respiratory tract and conjunctiva. The route of transmission is airborne.
Mastopathy is one of the most common diseases in women: in the population, the incidence rate is 30-43%, and among women suffering from various gynecological diseases, it reaches 58%. The frequency of mastopathy reaches its maximum by the age of 45.
Mastoiditis (empyema of the mastoid process) is a destructive osteoperiostitis of the cellular structure of the mastoid process. Mastoiditis mainly develops against the background of acute purulent otitis media, much less often - during exacerbation of chronic purulent otitis media.
In medical science, mastodynia is the name given to pain in the mammary glands, which can be felt in one breast or be felt on both sides.
Mastocytosis is the infiltration of mast cells into the skin and other tissues and organs.
Mastocytosis (synonym: urticaria pigmentosa) is a disease based on the accumulation of mast cells in various organs and tissues, including the skin. Clinical manifestations of mastocytosis are caused by the release of biologically active substances during mast cell degranulation.