List Diseases – K
Renal dysplasia is a heterogeneous group of diseases associated with impaired development of renal tissue. Morphologically, dysplasia is based on impaired differentiation of the nephrogenic blastema and branches of the ureteric sprout, with the presence of embryonic structures in the form of foci of undifferentiated mesenchyme, as well as primitive ducts and tubules.
Uretero-nephral syndrome is formed with kidney and ureter's disease, but it can also be caused by the pathology of the lower levels of the genitourinary system, both due to a urinary disorder and an ascending infection.
In chronic glomerulonephritis, changes in the retinal vessels are frequently observed-narrowing of the retinal arteries (renal antiopathy). With prolonged course of kidney disease, sclerotic changes occur in the walls of the vessels, renal retinopathy develops in the retina.
Kidney cancer ranks 10th in terms of incidence among malignant neoplasms, and in terms of its growth rate is second only to prostate cancer. The incidence of renal cell carcinoma reaches a maximum of 70 years. Men suffer from this nosology 2 times more often than women.
The kidney cyst is a neoplasm on the upper layer of the kidney, which is considered benign. Cystic formation is a cavity formation with a capsule and a fluid of the serous structure.
Kiasanur Forest Disease (KLB) is an acute viral zoonotic infection of a person that occurs with severe intoxication, often with a two-phase fever, accompanied by severe hemorrhagic syndrome, prolonged asthenic manifestations.
Khartup's disease is considered autosomal recessive. It was described in 1956 by DN Baron et al. The disease is characterized by the precipitation of the pellagrogenic son, neuropsychic changes and aminoaciduria.
Keratosis resistant lenticular (blue Phlegel's disease) belongs to the group of hereditary diseases with a predominant infringement of keratinization, the type of inheritance is autosomal dominant.
Increased in recent years, fungal diseases of the cornea, often proceeding hard and with a bad outcome, are of leading importance in the fungal pathology caused by the organ of vision.
Keratoglobus is a globular cornea. The cause of the disease, as well as with keratoconus, is the genetically determined weakness of the elastic properties of the cornea.
Keratoderma - a group of dermatoses characterized by a violation of the processes of keratinization, - excessive horn formation mainly of the palms and soles.
Keratoconus develops in connection with the dystrophic dilatation of the cornea, leading to a thinning of its central and paracentral divisions.
Keratoconus, or conical cornea, is a genetically determined pathology of the cornea, the external manifestation of which is a change in its shape. The cornea becomes thinner in the center, stretched out in the form of a cone.
Keratoakantoma (syn: molluscum pseudocarcinomatosum, molluscum sebaceum, tumor-like keratosis) is a rapidly growing benign tumor in the development of which the importance of viral infection, immune disorders, long-term effects of various unfavorable, mainly exogenous factors
Keratites and their consequences account for 20-25% of outpatients. The causes of keratitis are bacterial fungal flora, viral infections, physical, chemical factors, allergic reactions, metabolic disorders.
Parenchymal keratitis in congenital syphilis is regarded as a late manifestation of a common disease. Keratitis usually develops at the age of 6 to 20 years, but there are cases of the emergence of typical parenchymal keratitis in both early childhood and adulthood.
Keratitis in hypo- and avitaminosis is caused by a violation of the general metabolic processes in the body. They arise due to the receipt of insufficient amounts of vitamins or poor assimilation of individual groups of vitamins.
The diagnosis is usually established on the basis of microscopic examination and sowing of smears or scrapings from the cornea. If the patient receives treatment, it is advisable to temporarily cancel it 24 hours before the study.
The causes of keloid and hypertrophic scars are unknown. Scars usually appear at the site of skin damage - after surgery, cryo-or electrodestruction, in the place of wounds, abrasions, acne vulgaris. They can also arise spontaneously, usually in the antero-thoracic region.
It occurs in two forms, affects the bones of the foot and is age-related. Most often occurs in children and adolescents.