Lean monthly: brown, without pain, with fever, nausea, chest and abdominal pain

The features of the menstrual cycle are available for every woman, but its disorders, including the meager ones, depend on how well the hormones regulate the monthly changes in the ovaries and uterus. That is, as under the action of hormones in the female body, the entire reproductive cycle and the transition of its premenstrual phase to menstruation are ensured, during which the mucous membrane inside the uterus is purified by separating its swollen functional layer.

[1], [2]

Causes of the scanty monthly

The key causes of poor menstrual or hypomenstrual syndrome are associated with violations of the physiological balance of hormones, the interaction of which determines the menstrual cycle of women.

The etiology of these disorders and their pathogenesis can have a primary character, that is, associated with congenital developmental features, including genital organs, endocrine system and brain structures. Reduction in the volume of menstrual flow occurs:

• with functional deficiency of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland, which produces gonadotropic hormones and FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone);
• with a deficiency of ovarian estrogen (which is produced by the stimulating effect of FSH);
• due to increased pituitary hormone prolactin production (against the background of hypophyseal tumors or hypothyroidism), and the excessive level of which affects the synthesis of other sex hormones (estrogen and progesterone), changing their normal ratio;
• at failures in the work of the hypothalamus, which regulates the activity of the pituitary gland with the help of releasing factors - neurohormone folliberin, lyuliberin, prolactoliberin;
• in connection with the partial dysfunction of the adrenal cortex, which synthesizes less cortisol, aldosterone and estriol (which is associated with a deficiency of adrenocorticotropic hormone produced by the pituitary gland ACTH);
• because of excessive production of male sex hormones and the development of secondary adrenogenital syndrome;
• with an insufficient level of progesterone, synthesized by the yellow body of the ovaries and the adrenal cortex.

In the list of secondary causes of meager monthly it is possible to make all the acquired pathological changes in the organs of the reproductive system (diseases of the uterus and ovaries, trauma and operations on pelvic organs); stresses and environmental factors (high radiation background); a number of infectious and somatic diseases affecting the menstrual cycle; loss of significant body weight (in girls with a critically low weight there is a significant deficit of estrogen deposited in adipose tissue, as well as anemia).

In gynecological practice is not considered a pathology, when menarche in adolescent girls, that is, the first monthly scant, because at pubertal age the hormonal background is only formed, and the synthesis of sex hormones is minimal. This also applies to cases when the menstrual period is on time, but the meager ones are noted in women before the onset of menopause.

We recommend to read the publication - Menstrual cycle disorder

When can there be scanty menstruation?

So, scanty and short monthly, as it was already noted, are characteristic at the beginning of sexual development and for women in premenopause.

If the meager months and pulls the stomach, then this can be either a sign of pregnancy, or a consequence of hormonal contraception. In the first case, there are often observed pulling sensations above the pectoral articulation and meager monthly after delay of the next menstruation. And, according to gynecologists, scanty months in the first month of pregnancy are possible and are a kind of result of rapidly flowing hormonal changes.

So, scanty monthly after an unprotected act - provided that the woman normally passes her menstruation normally - require confirmation or refutation of the fact of the pregnancy that has come.

And in the future, a meager monthly pregnancy can mean its interruption or the presence of an ectopic pregnancy. More information - Monthly during pregnancy

Lean monthly brown colors are also possible within one to two weeks after fertilization of the ovum and its introduction into the uterine mucosa. And with the same degree of probability it can be an ectopic pregnancy.

It should be borne in mind that the same menstrual discharge, as well as scanty menstrual blood clots are with the presence of uterine cavity polyps and endometrial hyperplasia.

Lean monthly after the spiral (setting the intrauterine device), as well as after removal of the IUD, also have a brown tinge and clots, which is a side effect of this method of protection.

But the meager months with endometriosis (proliferation of the endometrium of the uterus beyond its limits), as with myoma (nodal benign neoplasm in the muscular layer of the uterine wall) is quite a rare phenomenon. These pathologies are characterized by intense menstrual secretion up to metrorrhagia, that is, uterine bleeding. And when the allocation is poor, then, most likely, the pathology affected the ovaries, which leads to the violation of ovulation.

Scanty menstruation with an ovarian cyst is also less common than menstruation is abundant and prolonged. A small volume of secretions is more characteristic of follicular cysts and is practically not observed in cysts of endometrioid.

Lean monthly with mucus are possible in almost all the above cases, including, with erosion of the cervix, vaginal and cervical infections.

Typically, scanty months after IVF - evidence that, despite the long reception of hormonal drugs before the procedure of in vitro fertilization, the attempt to become pregnant was unsuccessful. Specialists reproductologists also call the consequences of a failed IVF in the form of strong and painful periods, menstruation with blood clots, smearing discharge, etc.

Not all lactating women do not have menstruation, scanty months with breastfeeding are many. And obstetricians do not see this as a deviation, since the hormonal background after birth is restored in every woman with varying intensity.

Scanty monthly as a side effect of pharmacological agents

The causes of scanty menstruation can be iatrogenic. Thus, the intake of hormone pharmacological drugs prescribed by physicians increases the sensitivity of the mammary glands; in women it becomes more dense and the chest hurts after a scanty period, and there are also scanty monthly browns.

Often there are nausea, vomiting and scanty menstruation when taking birth control pills - Janine, Ovidon, Regulon (Marvilon, Novinet), Yarina, etc. For example, among the side effects of the contraceptive Regulon, skin rashes, redness, itching, and scanty periods are noted; the use of Zhannin tablets can accompany pain in the abdominal area and in the mammary glands, increased heart rate, intestinal disorders, poor menstruation and nausea, weight gain, insomnia and depression.

Often the cycle is broken, and there are scanty months after Postinor (Follistrel, Gravistal, Microlut) or Mifepristone, there are scanty months after Escapel - hormonal contraceptives for emergency cases (taken after coitus). Among their side effects are: a feeling of discomfort in the lower abdomen, dizziness and weakness, nausea and vomiting, menstrual meager and temperature.

To compensate for the lack of the hormone progesterone and prevent habitual miscarriages, gynecologists often prescribe Dufaston (Dydrogesterone) with synthetic progestin for the treatment of endometriosis, infertility and various disorders of the menstrual cycle. In addition, that there are possible both severe bleeding, and meager months with Dufaston, progesterone analogues provoke headaches, skin allergies and enough other side effects.

Possible scanty monthly after Utrozhestan - analogue of Dufaston, but containing natural progesterone.

As a side effect, nausea, diarrhea, itchy skin and scanty period after Klostilbegit (Klomifen, Clomivid, Fertilin) are indicated as a means to stimulate ovulation.

There are complaints of patients for nausea and meager months with the use of Femoston - containing synthetic analogues of estradiol and progesterone funds for HRT with perimenopause. This drug can also cause headache; pain in the pelvis, abdomen and mammary glands; cramps of the calf muscles; intensive uterine bleeding.

Scanty monthly after Mastodinon are also, although this is a herbal preparation and does not contain hormones, but acts on the pituitary gland and helps to reduce the production of prolactin. As for the Terginan (in the form of vaginal suppositories) prescribed for bacterial vaginosis and urogenital candidiasis, there are no hormones in its composition. And experts believe that the possible meager monthly after the course of Terginan suppositories can be associated with either existing history of uterine or ovarian disease, or with the simultaneous use of hormonal drugs, for example, contraceptives.

About whether there can be a meager monthly after a pharma, more details in the publication - Medication abortion

According to doctors, cases when there are scanty monthly after antibiotics or after injections of aloe, do not have any relation to the drugs: among their side effects these actions have not been revealed. But there is such a thing as individual hypersensitivity to medicines. And if there are problems with the level of hormones and the menstrual cycle, then it is possible and the reduction in secretions during menstruation with the use of certain medications.

Risk factors

Gynecologists and endocrinologists call sufficiently numerous risk factors for the development of hypomenorrhea. These are diseases of the uterus that provoke scanty menstrual clots with endometrial hyperplasia, and ovarian disease - when women complain of scanty periods in ovarian cysts, and that they have scanty periods and pulls the stomach, what can be caused by ovarian hyperplasia or polycystic ovary syndrome.

Persons involved in this condition can be various infections of the genital tract, in which there are sometimes scanty periods after thrush, chlamydia, or trichomoniasis.

Elevated cortisol in the blood because of frequent or prolonged stressful conditions is explained by scanty monthly after stress; read more - How are stress and hormone levels related to the female body?

Decreased immunity and weakening of the body in common diseases affect the menstrual cycle, and may be meager for colds, flu, upper respiratory tract and ENT diseases. So the monthly meager and temperature can coexist independently of each other, if a woman, for example, has bronchitis or purulent tonsillitis.

Lean monthly without pain, in principle, do not particularly concern women and many suit, especially since no one has canceled the hereditary characteristics of the reproductive cycle of women, nor the genes predisposed to individual gynecological pathologies. However, experts do not advise to relax, even when such a violation of the cycle occurs after a significant weight loss. As you know, scanty monthly after a diet with a reduction in the supply of nutrients necessary for the body very often lead to a serious hormonal imbalance, which negatively affects fertility.

Risk factors include and surgical interventions on the pelvic organs, which cause scanty monthly after hysteroscopy of the uterus or meager monthly after laparoscopy of the ovary, temporarily weakening their functions.

Along with bleeding during interruption of pregnancy, a scanty period after curettage (curettage) of the uterine cavity during abortion, stopping uterine bleeding or removal of myoma is also possible. In addition to reducing menstrual flow, these operations are fraught with the development of secondary amenorrhea (no monthly) and Asherman syndrome (the formation of adhesions in the uterus).

[3], [4], [5], [6]

Symptoms of the scanty monthly

Characteristic signs of scanty menstruation are manifested by a decrease in the number of discharges (with blood volume for all days of menstruation 4-5 times less than normal), it is also possible to slightly reduce the duration of menstruation and the violation of their periodicity.

Hypomenorrhœa, like other forms of abnormal menstruation, can be accompanied by general malaise, headaches and dizziness, a sensation of engorgement and soreness of the mammary glands.

Many women with scanty menstrual periods can have bilateral aches and spasms in the abdomen, nausea and vomiting.

Complications and consequences

Most often, the consequences and complications of menstrual irregularity in the form of scanty menstrual manifestations due to its underlying cause. Thus, due to the insufficient level of estrogen in the body of women of childbearing age there are difficulties with the onset of pregnancy, as well as problems with dry skin, thinning of hair, decreased strength of bones and susceptibility to urogenital infections.

Deficiency of FSH also leads to a decrease in the possibility of getting pregnant and having a baby, since without this hormone, the maturation of the egg is impossible. When the level of progesterone is lowered, the body's thermoregulation may be disrupted; develop a depressive state with headaches, bouts of irritability and aggression; can develop extensive eruptions of acne on the skin and grow excess hair.

And infertility, obesity, memory loss, depression and galactorrhea are the most probable pathological consequences of excess prolactin.

[7], [8], [9]

Diagnostics of the scanty monthly

The main methods of diagnosing a scanty monthly include standard gynecological examination, collection of anamnesis and patient complaints, as well as tests:

• general blood analysis;
• a blood test for the detection of STDs;
• biochemical analysis of blood to the level of hormones (all genital, thyroxine and ACTH);
• A smear from the vagina on cytology and microflora.

Instrumental diagnostics consists of ultrasonography (ultrasound) of the pelvic organs, and if necessary, computer tomography.

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Differential diagnosis

To identify the root cause of this disorder, differential diagnostics is performed, using: hysteroscopy of the uterus (endoscopic examination of the endometrium), laparoscopic examination of the ovaries, ultrasound of the thyroid and adrenal glands, CT of the brain (pituitary gland).

[11], [12], [13], [14]

Treatment of the scanty monthly

The treatment prescribed by a doctor for scanty menstruation should take into account the causes of this pathology. And if the cause is in diseases of the uterus or ovaries (named earlier), then it is necessary to treat them, including possible surgical treatment, for example, in ovarian cysts, polyps in the uterus and other pathologies, whose treatment can be performed surgically.

Many women are trying to restore the menstrual cycle using drugs with synthetic hormones that have many side effects (for side effects of some of them, see the section Lean monthly as a side effect of pharmacological agents).

Usually gynecologists prescribe hormonal contraceptives - to "correct" the level of estrogen and progesterone. For example, with a deficiency of progesterone, Dufastone can be used - twice a day for 10 mg (for two weeks, from the 11th to the 25th day of the menstrual cycle). The drug is contraindicated in case of liver failure, enzyme jaundice, hereditary pigmentary hepatosis, acute heart failure and lactation. And its side effects are manifested by nausea and intestinal disorders, a feeling of discomfort in the mammary glands and uterine bleeding.

Medication Bromocriptine (Parlodel, Bomergon and other trade names) acts on the dopamine receptors and slows the release of the hormone prolactin by the pituitary gland. It is prescribed one tablet (2.5 mg) per day. The drug is not used for low blood pressure, cardiac arrhythmia, atherosclerosis, gastric and intestinal diseases and mental disorders. Side effects include lowering blood pressure, headache, nausea, vomiting, constipation.

Tasalok tincture (containing extracts of the root of the vulgaris vulgaris, parsley, celery, etc.) is taken 30 drops three times a day (half an hour before meals). The agent is not used in the presence of malignant tumors of any localization, during pregnancy and lactation. The components of the drug may cause an allergic reaction.

Endocrinologists recommend that women with cycle disorders take B vitamins and vitamin E.

And homeopathy offers a remedy based on the extract of the plant Agnus castus Cyclodinone (in the form of tablets and drops), which also affects the production of gonadotropic hormones; is prescribed by one tablet (or 40 drops) - once a day; treatment lasts three months. The use of this homeopathic remedy can cause allergic reactions and increased nervous excitement.

Tableted Dysmenorm, in addition to the rod, contains bee venom (Apis mellifica) and an extract of common lamb grass (Pulsatilla); it is recommended for treatment of ovarian cysts, normalization of the level of sex hormones and reduction of menstrual pain. The tablets dissolve under the tongue - one tablet three times a day. Desmenorm can induce vomiting, diarrhea, convulsions and a drop in blood pressure.

Alternative treatment of scanty menstruation

Admissible alternative treatment of this condition is herbal treatment.

If the bovine uterus (in the form of a tincture) is recommended by phytotherapeutists for the treatment of pathologies of the ovaries and uterus, then the infusion of calendula (in the form of tea) - with all varieties of menstrual disorders.

Infusion of oregano (motherboard) is better to use in the form of alcohol tincture - 25-30 drops two or three times a day. A wormwood is usually used to prepare a broth (a tablespoon for a glass of boiling water) and take three times a day on a tablespoon. This alternative means is contraindicated during lactation due to the potential toxicity of essential oil of wormwood, with increased acidity of the stomach and inflammation of the duodenum, as well as allergies to plants of the family of Compositae (eg, ragweed).

Decoction of the leaves lovage (it is prepared like a decoction of wormwood) activates the blood flow in the region of the pelvic organs; One should take a decoction of one tablespoon not more than three times a day. Contained in the plant furokumariny cause increased photosensitivity of the skin, and the plant has diuretic properties.

Verbena officinalis (using decoction of herbs) contains β-sitosterol and increases the contraction of uterine muscles, and iridoid glycosides have hormone-like activity. Herbalists are advised to drink 200 ml of this plant's broth for (for several sips), but warn: this remedy increases appetite and gives a hypnotic effect.

[15], [16]

Prevention

Since the causes and risk factors for the appearance of scanty menstruation are numerous and diverse, the prevention of hypomenstrual syndrome includes, first and foremost, protection from sexual infections, normal nutrition (without harmful for women's health, rigid diets). It is useful to move more, to avoid stress, to strengthen immunity and to visit the gynecologist on time, without triggering problems with the organs of the reproductive system. And the means for hormonal contraception, like all drugs containing hormones, should be prescribed by a doctor - after determining the level of hormones in each patient.

[17], [18],

Forecast

To predict the state when women have scanty periods, it is difficult, because the biochemical interaction of hormones in the body is not fully understood, and it varies depending on age and general health.