Yunispaz

The preparation of Junipaz is internationally named according to the active substances in its composition - Drotaverine + Codeine + Paracetamol. Combined analgesic substance developed by the pharmacological company Unik Pharmaceutical Laboratories (India), is a non-prescription drug.

Yunispaz prepares pain syndromes of low and medium severity, including spastic conditions and spasms of smooth muscles lining the internal organs. The combination of analgesic and antispasmodics made the medicine an indispensable assistant in the monthly recurring symptoms of dysmenorrhea (pain during menstruation). Drotaverin with paracetamol, contained in the drug, is also used for fever during a cold or flu, characterized by chills, fever and blanching of the skin.

Indications Yunispaz

The drug Unispas relieves of mild and moderate pain syndromes in children after 6 years, and also in adulthood. Spasmoanalgic is prescribed for attacks of headaches :

• predominantly of a tensile nature (a consequence of a stressful situation) of an acute or chronic type;
• for problems with blood vessels;
• resulting from fatigue or excessive fatigue.

Pharmacological effectiveness of the drug Unispaz - suppresses spasms, is a powerful analgesic, has antipyretic effect. These characteristics determine the scope of the drug. Indications for the use of Unipasis apply to the following types of pain:

• dental ( toothache );
• muscular and articular;
• menstrual ( primary type dysmenorrhea );
• due to various colic ( renal, biliary, intestinal);
• neuralgic and ishialgic;
• as a result of bladder or ureter spasm;
• with spastic problems (colitis, constipation, tenesm).

Release form

The oblong-looking Unispaz tablets have a brownish-pinkish tint and one-sided risk, also contain color inclusions.

The form of release - blisters for 6 tablets or packages of two blisters, with 12 tablets respectively. Each unit of the tablet preparation includes:

• paracetamol - 500 mg;
• hydrochloride of drotaverine - 40 mg;
• phosphate codeine - 8 mg.

Among the additional components are magnesium stearate, purified talc, corn starch and pregelatinized corn starch, povidone and crospovidone, microcrystalline cellulose, dye E172 (red iron oxide).

Pharmacodynamics

Pharmacologically, Junipase belongs to a group of myotropic antispasmodic substances and anilides in combinations.

Pharmacodynamics Unispaz is based on the characteristics of the substances that make up the drug:

• paracetamol - reduces fever, anesthetizes by inhibiting the synthesis of prostaglandins of the central nervous system. It also has a peripheral effect with inhibition of the activity of prostaglandins and other components responsible for stimulating pain receptors;
• codeine - an antitussive component with a central effect, is an analgesic as a result of influencing opioid receptors (involved in the delivery of a pain impulse to the central nervous system). Enhances the effectiveness of paracetamol;
• drotaverin - vasodilator, spasmolytic, myotropic, hypotensive substance isoquinoline series. Especially effective (due to the prolongation of the dilating effect) with spasms of smooth muscles of the internal organs and vessels. The properties of the drug are due to a decrease in the penetration of active calcium into smooth muscle cells by inhibition of phosphodiesterase and the accumulation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate inside cells.

Pharmacokinetics

Pharmacokinetics of Unipas for the components:

• bioavailability of drotaverin with oral intake of about 100%, the substance is maximally and rapidly absorbed by the digestive system, followed by a uniform distribution in tissues, including smooth muscle cells. Semiabsorption is observed after 12 minutes, and excretion occurs through the kidneys. The component does not affect the central and practically does not affect the autonomic nervous system;
• The rapid absorption of paracetamol occurs predominantly in the small intestine. The substance penetrates well into tissues and liquid media, excluding fat cells and cerebrospinal fluid. Excreted in urine;
• rapid digestion in the digestive system of codeine promotes active dissemination in the tissues of the spleen, liver and kidneys. Biotransformation of a pharmacological agent occurs in the liver, excretion is performed by the kidneys. The drug destroys the placental and blood-brain barrier (between the bloodstream and the neural tissue) barriers, and also accumulates in breast milk.

Dosing and administration

The preparation of Junipase is administered orally with a sufficient amount of water, after at least an hour after the meal (swallowing the tablet during or immediately after a meal delays its effect).

Method of administration and dose according to patient's age:

• children 6-12 years - once for ½ tablets, repeated reception is recommended only after 10 hours. Dosage per day is maximum - this is 2 tablets;
• adolescents and adults - once for 1-2 tablets, the next dose of the drug no earlier than 8 hours later. The maximum permissible norm is 6 pieces per day for short-term treatment (up to 3 days) and 4 pieces if longer therapy is required;
• in old age with severe dysfunction of the liver or kidneys, the dosage is selected individually.

It should be noted that independent use of the medicine is allowed within three days, further taking the drug requires medical advice.

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Use Yunispaz during pregnancy

Use of Junipaz during pregnancy and breastfeeding is strictly prohibited.

Contraindications

Contraindications to the use of Unispas:

• individual intolerance to one of the component spasmoanalgesics;
• diagnosis of bronchial asthma or acute respiratory failure;
• blockades of atrioventricular I and II degrees;
• chronic forms of cardiac, renal, hepatic insufficiency;
• dependence on alcohol of a chronic type;
• addiction to narcotic substances;
• blood clotting problems;
• presence in the anamnesis of recently transferred craniocereberal trauma;
• the detection of intracranial hypertension;
• It is prohibited to use Junipases in parallel with monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and also for two weeks after stopping their intake;
• is not prescribed together with paracetamol;
• against a background of deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase;
• patients younger than 6 years;
• for the time of gestation and lactation.

The greatest caution is observed in the treatment of spasmodicalergic elderly and those suffering from Gilbert's syndrome (benign hyperbilirubinemia is a hereditary gene defect associated with the process of bilirubin metabolism).

Side effects Yunispaz

In general, the spasmoanalgic Yunispaz is well tolerated. Sometimes the following side effects of Unispas are revealed:

• in relation to the central nervous system - lethargy, constantly tends to sleep, dizziness or headache;
• the circulatory system - thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis;
• the digestive system - a state of nausea, a stool disorder, a rare enough - toxic liver damage (in case of a severe overdose);
• cardiovascular disorders - tachycardia, hypotension, anemia, hot flashes;
• manifestations of allergy - rashes on the skin, itching, rare negative effects are spasm in the bronchi and flow of mucous nasal passages.

In order to prevent negative consequences, it is necessary to carefully study the instructions-insert or consult a specialist. Rules that reduce the risk of side effects:

• Take Junipase separately from food;
• observe the exact dosage;
• at the time of taking spasmoanalgic alcohol containing drinks under prohibition;
• in the case of mild renal / hepatic insufficiency, the doctor evaluates the expediency of drug therapy;
• when using Junipases for more than three days, constantly check the amount of liver enzymes and control the blood composition, so you can prevent hematologic changes.

[1]

Overdose

Overdosage of spasmoanalgic medicine Unispas is characterized by such primary symptoms as: blanching of the skin, a feeling of nausea, the appearance of vomiting, anorexia, excessive sweating, worsening of the general condition. A toxic shock to the liver (including necrosis) is possible, as well as a violation of respiratory function.

If these signs are found, seek medical help immediately. To stabilize the patient, salt laxatives and gastric lavage are used. Monitoring the state in severe conditions characterized by damage to the central nervous system, involves the use of artificial lung ventilation, additional oxygen saturation of cells, the appointment of naloxone.

Interactions with other drugs

Paracetamol, found among the medicinal components of Unipase, is incompatible with alcohol drinks, salicylamide, tricyclic antidepressants, substances for the treatment of epilepsy, barbiturates, rifampicin, as they contribute to the growth of the level of toxic metabolism of paracetamol. Parallel therapy with paracetamol and chloramphenicol activates the toxic effect with an increase in the period of excretion of the last drug. Liver dysfunction is a consequence of the use of paracetamol with doxorubicin. Anticoagulants of oral use against the background of spasmoanalgic therapy Unispas often provoke bleeding.

Drotaverine with simultaneous intake of levodopa reduces its antiparkinsonian effect, as a result of which there is a sharp increase in muscle tone (rigidity) and increased tremor (muscle shaking).

There are also negative interactions of Junipases with other drugs that have hypnotic, anesthetic, anxiolytic properties, including tricyclic antidepressants and antipsychotics. These funds at times increase the inhibition of the central nervous system codeine phosphate.

[3], [4]

Storage conditions

The presence in the house inaccessible to children and protected from sunlight, a place with a temperature not exceeding 30? C - these are the basic conditions for keeping Unispaz while maintaining the integrity of the blister.

Shelf life

Yunispase has a shelf life of three years from the date of production in intact pharmacological packaging.