Artifrin

"Artifrin" is a combination local anesthetic containing two active ingredients: articaine hydrochloride and epinephrine.

1. Articaine hydrochloride: Is a powerful local anesthetic that is used to numb tissue in a specific area of the body before medical procedures or surgeries. It blocks the transmission of nerve impulses and temporarily blocks sensation in the area where it is applied.
2. Epinephrine: Epinephrine is added to the drug as a vasoconstrictor, which means it narrows the blood vessels. This helps reduce bleeding in the area of application and prolongs the duration of action of articaine by reducing its absorption and increasing the duration of anesthesia.

"Artifrin" is commonly used in dentistry to provide local anesthesia for dental procedures such as tooth extraction or root canal treatment. It may also be used in other medical fields to provide local anesthesia.

It is important to note that Artifrin should only be used under the supervision of a qualified healthcare professional due to possible serious side effects such as allergic reactions, possible heart problems, and high blood pressure.

Indications Artifrina

• Dental Procedures: Artifrin is often used by dentists to provide local anesthesia for various dental procedures such as:

  • Tooth extraction.
  • Root canal treatment.
  • Treatment of periodontitis (inflammation of the tissues surrounding the teeth).
  • Dental prosthetics and implantation.

• Minor Surgeries: In some cases, Artifrin may be used as a local anesthetic for minor surgical procedures, such as removing small skin growths.

• Medical Procedures: In a number of medical areas, Artifrin may be used as a local anesthetic for other procedures that require numbing small areas of the body.

Release form

"Artifrin" is usually supplied as an injection solution. This solution contains two active ingredients: articaine hydrochloride and epinephrine. "Artifrin" is usually supplied in ampoules or vials with a volume of several milliliters to several tens of milliliters.

Pharmacodynamics

• Articaine hydrochloride: Is a local anesthetic from the amide group. It acts by blocking the conduction of nerve impulses along nerve fibers, which temporarily leads to a loss of sensitivity in the area of its application.
• Epinephrine: Epinephrine is added to the drug as a vasoconstrictor. This means that it narrows the blood vessels in the area of application. This helps reduce bleeding in the area of application and increases the duration of action of articaine by slowing its absorption.

Pharmacokinetics

1. Articaine hydrochloride: Articaine is absorbed from tissues of local administration and is rapidly metabolized in the liver to form inactive metabolites. The onset of action of articaine is usually a few minutes after injection.
2. Epinephrine: Epinephrine administered locally is also rapidly absorbed from tissues and exerts its vasoconstrictor effects in the area of application. As a result, the duration of action of articaine is increased, allowing for prolonged anesthesia.

Together, these two components form a complex that provides effective pain relief and reduces the risk of bleeding in the area of application. Typically, the duration of action of "Artifrin" is several hours.

Dosing and administration

• Dosage: Artifrin is typically administered as an injection into the local area requiring numbing, as directed by your dentist or physician. Dosage may vary depending on the type and complexity of the procedure, as well as the individual needs of the patient.
• Number of injections: The number of injections may also vary depending on the size of the area to be numbed and the type of procedure.
• Frequency of application: "Artifrin" is usually applied immediately before the start of the procedure and can be repeated if necessary during the procedure.
• Maximum Dose: The maximum dose of Artifrin is determined taking into account the maximum safe dose of articaine and epinephrine, taking into account possible side effects and risks.

Use Artifrina during pregnancy

Artifrin (articaine hydrochloride, epinephrine) should be used with caution during pregnancy and only as directed by a physician. Pregnant women should discuss the potential risks and benefits of using Artifrin with their physician before using it.

It is important to understand that although local anesthetics such as articaine do not usually have systemic effects on the body when applied topically, epinephrine, a vasoconstrictor in Artifrin, may have systemic effects, including effects on the cardiovascular system. Therefore, the use of Artifrin during pregnancy should be limited and performed only when necessary.

The physician must weigh the benefits of Artifrin for the mother against the potential risks to the fetus and make a decision based on the individual circumstances of each clinical case. If Artifrin is necessary, it is usually preferable to use the lowest effective dose with the lowest amount of epinephrine.

Contraindications

• Hypersensitivity: Any of the components of Artifrin, including articaine hydrochloride, epinephrine or any other ingredients, may cause an allergic reaction in a person sensitive to them. Therefore, the drug should be used with caution in patients with a known allergy to lidocaine, articaine or other amide anesthetics.
• Tachycardia and arrhythmias: Artifrin contains epinephrine, which may cause increased cardiac activity. Therefore, it should be avoided in patients with serious heart rhythm disorders, tachycardia, or other cardiovascular diseases.
• Hypertensive crisis: Epinephrine can increase blood pressure and heart function, which can be dangerous for patients with hypertensive crisis or high blood pressure.
• Thyrotoxicosis: Epinephrine may increase the symptoms of thyrotoxicosis and should therefore be used with caution in patients with this condition.
• Patients with pheochromocytoma: Epinephrine may cause serious reactions in patients with pheochromocytoma due to their increased sensitivity to catecholamines.

Side effects Artifrina

• Allergic reactions: Like other drugs containing anesthetics and epinephrine, Artifrin can cause allergic reactions in some patients, including anaphylactic shock.
• Cardiovascular effects: Epinephrine, a component of Artifrin, may cause an increase in heart rate, blood pressure, and heart rhythm. Some patients may experience palpitations, arrhythmias, or worsening of myocardial ischemia.
• Cardiovascular complications: The use of epinephrine may lead to the development of serious cardiovascular complications such as myocardial infarction or stroke, especially in patients with existing cardiovascular disease.
• Hypertension: Epinephrine may cause an increase in blood pressure, which may lead to hypertension and hypertensive crises.
• Local reactions: Various local reactions may occur at the injection site of Artifrin, such as pain, swelling, bleeding or changes in skin color.
• Neurological symptoms: Some patients may experience neurological symptoms such as dizziness, headache, tremors, or paresthesia.
• Other Rare Reactions: Other rare side effects may occur, including injection site reactions, bradycardia, loss of consciousness, and other serious reactions.

Overdose

• Cardiac arrhythmias: Increased heart rate, irregular heart rhythm, or other cardiac arrhythmias.
• Hypertension: High blood pressure, which can lead to headaches, dizziness, or even more serious complications.
• Tachycardia: An increase in heart rate can cause a feeling of pulsation, palpitations, and anxiety.
• Tremors and shaking: Nervous excitement can cause tremors and shaking in various parts of the body.
• Dizziness and headache: Increased heart rate and changes in blood pressure can lead to dizziness and headache.

Interactions with other drugs

• Anesthetics: The use of Artifrin with other anesthetics may increase the risk of developing unwanted side effects, including toxic effects on the cardiovascular system.
• Drugs that affect the cardiovascular system: Epinephrine, which is part of Artifrin, may increase the effects of other drugs that affect the cardiovascular system, such as beta-blockers or drugs that increase blood pressure.
• Blood Pressure Raising Drugs: Using Artifrin with blood pressure raising drugs such as sympathomimetics or monoamine oxidase inhibitors may result in a significant increase in blood pressure and possible serious complications.
• Blood pressure lowering drugs: The use of "Artifrin" with blood pressure lowering drugs may lead to a decrease in the effectiveness of the anesthetic and an increase in its systemic effects.
• Drugs affecting liver function: The use of "Artifrin" with drugs metabolized in the liver may affect their metabolism and increase the risk of toxic effects.