Arthrofoon

Arthrofoon is a biological product that consists of antibodies directed against human tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), exclusively affinity purified. TNF-α is an anti-inflammatory cytokine that plays an important role in the immune system, particularly in inflammatory and immune responses.

Arthrofoon is used medicinally to treat various diseases associated with inflammation, such as rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease and psoriasis. Antibodies to TNF-α help reduce inflammation and slow the progression of these diseases.

“Affinity purified” means that the drug contains only antibodies that specifically bind to TNF-α and has been purified from other components, which increases its effectiveness and reduces the likelihood of side effects.

Indications Arthrofoona

• Rheumatoid Arthritis: This drug may be used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, an autoimmune disease that causes inflammation of the joints.
• Crohn's disease: Artrophoon can be used to treat Crohn's disease, which is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract.
• Psoriatic arthritis: For the treatment of joint manifestations of psoriasis, also an autoimmune disease.
• Ankylosing spondylitis: This inflammatory disease of the joints of the spine may also require the use of an arthroplast.
• Psoriasis: For severe forms of psoriasis, especially those affecting the joints.

Release form

Arthrofon is usually available in the form of an injection solution. This solution may be provided in ampoules or vials containing a specified amount of the drug for injection. It is usually intended for injection under the skin or into a vein, depending on the drug and the doctor's recommendations.

Pharmacodynamics

The pharmacodynamics of arthrophone are related to its effect on human tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). TNF-α is a cytokine that plays a key role in inflammatory and immune responses. When TNF-α is produced in excess, various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases can occur.

Arthrofon is a monoclonal antibody that specifically binds to TNF-α, blocking its biological effect. This leads to a decrease in inflammatory processes and a decrease in clinical symptoms of diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease, psoriasis, etc.

The action of arthrofon is aimed at reducing inflammation and preventing joint destruction, which leads to an improvement in the quality of life of patients with chronic inflammatory diseases.

Pharmacokinetics

• Absorption: Since arthrofon is usually administered into the body in the form of injections, it is usually quickly and completely absorbed from the injection site.
• Distribution: Arthrofon is distributed in the body through the bloodstream. It can penetrate many tissues and organs, including joints, which is especially important for its action in the treatment of inflammatory joint diseases.
• Metabolism: Monoclonal antibodies such as arthrophone are not usually metabolized in the traditional sense. They can be degraded and removed from the body after their action on target molecules.
• Excretion: Arthrofon is probably excreted from the body through the kidneys and/or bile. The rate of elimination may vary depending on the individual patient, his state of health and renal function.

Dosing and administration

• Method of administration: Artrophon is usually administered into the body intravenously or subcutaneously. The injections are usually performed by a medical professional in a clinic or hospital.
• Dosage: Dosage may vary depending on the disease and patient characteristics. Typically, arthrophone is used in a dose of 3 to 10 mg/kg per week. However, the recommended dose may be changed depending on the response to treatment and possible side effects.
• Split the dose: Sometimes the dose may be divided into several injections per week to achieve optimal effect.
• Duration of treatment: The duration of treatment with Arthrofon may also vary depending on the nature of the disease and the response to treatment. Treatment is often carried out over several months or even years.

Use Arthrofoona during pregnancy

The use of arthrophone during pregnancy should be carried out under strict medical supervision and only if there are strict indications when the benefits to the mother outweigh the potential risks to the fetus.

Currently, data on the safety of arthrofon during pregnancy are limited, and its effects on fetal development are not fully understood. As a monoclonal antibody, arthrophone does not usually cross the placental barrier, but this does not exclude possible effects on fetal development.

Before deciding to use arthrophone during pregnancy, it is important to conduct a thorough assessment of the risks and benefits in each specific case. The physician must consider the mother's health, the severity of her illness, alternative treatments, and potential risks to the fetus.

Contraindications

• Individual intolerance or allergic reaction: People with a known allergy to components of arthrofon or other drugs containing monoclonal antibodies should refrain from using it.
• Severe infections: Arthrofon use may worsen infections due to its effect on the immune system. Therefore, its use may be contraindicated in active, severe infections.
• Concurrent use of live vaccines: Due to its effects on the immune system, arthrofon may reduce the effectiveness of live vaccines. Therefore, the use of arthrofon may be contraindicated when vaccination with live vaccines is necessary.
• Severe hepatic or renal impairment: The use of Artrophon may be limited in patients with severe hepatic or renal impairment due to the possibility of drug accumulation in the body.
• Pregnancy and breastfeeding: The use of arthrofon during pregnancy and breastfeeding may be contraindicated due to insufficient data on its safety during these periods.

Side effects Arthrofoona

• Infections: Because artrophone affects the immune system, the risk of developing infections, including respiratory and urinary infections, increases.
• Injection site reactions: Redness, pain, swelling or itching may occur at the injection site.
• Allergic reactions: Including hives, difficulty breathing, swelling of the lips or face, and anaphylactic shock.
• Toxic effects on the liver: Liver toxicity may develop, which may include increased liver enzymes and jaundice.
• Bleeding disorders: Arthrofon may increase the risk of bleeding, including gastrointestinal bleeding or ecchymosis.
• Neurological disorders: May include headache, peripheral neuropathy, etc.
• Cardiovascular complications: Cardiovascular complications, such as hypertension or heart failure, may develop.
• Leukopenia and thrombocytopenia: A decrease in the number of white blood cells or platelets in the blood may be noted in some patients.

Overdose

• Increased risk of infections: Increased susceptibility to infections may occur due to excessive suppression of the immune system.
• Increased allergic reactions: Increased allergic reactions such as hives, itching, swelling or anaphylactic shock may occur.
• Liver or kidney toxicity: Increased dosage of Artrophon may increase the risk of liver or kidney toxicity.
• Bleeding disorders: Increasing the dose may increase the risk of bleeding since arthrofon may affect platelet function.
• Other side effects: May include headache, nausea, diarrhea, hypertension, etc.

Interactions with other drugs

• Drugs that suppress the immune system: Concomitant use of Artrofon with other immunosuppressive drugs, such as methotrexate or cyclosporine, may increase the risk of infections and other side effects.
• Drugs that increase the risk of bleeding: When using arthrofon simultaneously with anticoagulants or antiplatelet agents, the risk of bleeding may increase.
• Anti-tuberculosis drugs: TNF-α inhibitors may reduce the effectiveness of anti-tuberculosis therapy. Therefore, in patients receiving anti-tuberculosis drugs, regular monitoring of their health status and possible treatment adjustment may be necessary.
• Vaccines: Use of arthrofon may reduce the effectiveness of vaccines, especially live vaccines, so temporary cessation of therapy or adaptation of the vaccination schedule may be necessary.
• Drugs that may increase the risk of liver or kidney toxicity: Concomitant use of Artrophon with drugs that may increase the risk of liver or kidney toxicity may increase the risk of side effects.

Storage conditions

• Storage temperature: Arthrofon is usually stored in the refrigerator at a temperature of 2 to 8 degrees Celsius. This helps prevent the drug from decomposing and maintaining its activity.
• Freeze Protection: It is important to avoid freezing the arttrophon, so it should be stored in the refrigerator, but not on a frozen surface.
• Protection from light: Direct light can negatively affect the stability of biological products, so arthrofon is usually packaged in dark containers or packaged in special protective cases.
• Compliance with expiration dates: It is necessary to monitor the expiration date of arthrofon and not use the drug after the expiration date.
• Storage out of the reach of children: As with any medicinal product, arthrofon should be stored out of the reach of children to avoid accidental use.