Vulvovaginitis in girls

Vulvovaginitis (colpitis) - inflammation of the external genitalia in combination with inflammation of the vagina.

ICD-10 code

• N76 Other inflammatory diseases of the vagina and vulva.
• N76.0 Acute vaginitis.
• N76.1 Subacute and chronic vaginitis.
• N76.2 Acute vulvitis.
• N76.3 Subacute and chronic vulvitis.
• N76.4 Abscess of the vulva.
• N76.5 Ulceration of the vagina.
• N76.6 Ulceration of the vulva.
• N76.8 Other specified inflammatory diseases of the vagina and vulva.
• N77.0 Ulceration of the vulva in infectious and parasitic diseases classified elsewhere.
• N77.1 Vaginitis, vulvitis and vulvovaginitis in infectious and parasitic diseases classified elsewhere. (В37.3 - Candidiasis of the vulva and vagina;
• A60.0 Herpetic infections of the genitals and genitourinary tract).
• Candida vulva and vagina.
• N77.8 Ulceration and inflammation of the vulva and vagina in other diseases classified elsewhere.
• A18.1 Tuberculosis of the urino-genital organs.
• A51.0 Primary syphilis of the genital organs.
• A54.0 Gonococcal infection of the lower sections of the genito-urinary tract without abscessing of periurethral or accessory glands.
• A54.1 Gonococcal infection of the lower sections of the urinary tract with abscessing of periurethral and accessory glands.
• A.56.0 Chlamydial infections of the lower tract of the genito-urinary tract.
• A59.0 Urogenital trichomoniasis.
• A60.0 Herpetic infections of the genitals and genitourinary tract.
• А63.0 Anogenital (venereal) warts.
• A64 Unspecified diseases, sexually transmitted diseases.

Epidemiology

Epidemiology of vulvovaginitis in girls

In the structure of gynecological diseases, inflammatory processes in girls aged 1 to 9 years are most often localized in the vulva and vagina.

At this age, vulvovaginitis accounts for about 65% of all diseases of the genital organs. In adolescent girls, vulvovaginitis caused by fungi of the genus Candida (found in 25% of cases of inflammatory diseases of the lower genital tract), and bacterial vaginosis (in 12% of cases) is more common .

The main group is bacterial nonspecific vulvovaginitis caused by streptophilus infection and E. Coli.

Bacterial vulvovaginitis do not have a specific causative agent, are caused conditionally by pathogenic microorganisms penetrating into the vagina primarily from the outside, while the flora growing in the vagina becomes pathogenic and causes the onset of the inflammatory process.

In childhood, the vaginal microflora consists of facultative anaerobes, severe anaerobes and microaerophiles.

[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13]

Causes of the vulvovaginitis in girls

What causes vulvovaginitis in girls?

The main cause of development of vulvovaginitis in girls is the overstrain of the protective systems of the child's organism, mediated by a number of factors:

• oppression of immunity;
• dysbiosis of the mother's birth canal;
• violation of the normal period of adaptation of the newborn;
• violation of the development of microbiocenoses of the mucous membranes of the child:
• frequent ARVI;
• hypertrophy of the elements of the lymphoid apparatus of the nasopharynx.

Symptoms of the vulvovaginitis in girls

What are the symptoms of vulvovaginitis in girls?

The symptoms of vulvovaginitis in girls are similar and fit into a general idea of the inflammation of the vulva and vagina regardless of the etiologic factor.

The symptoms of vulvovaginitis in girls are characterized by a burning sensation after urination, itching, pain, discomfort in the external genital area, local catarrhal manifestations from minimal vulvar pastness to diffuse hyperemia and infiltration with the transition to the skin of the perineum and thighs, the presence of leucorrhoea of various types depending on the type of pathogen : from serous-purulent to purulent-bloody.

Diagnostics of the vulvovaginitis in girls

How is vulvovaginitis diagnosed in girls?

Vulvovaginitis in girls is diagnosed on the basis of clinical symptoms of the disease:

• discharge from the genital tract:
  • spongy;
  • with an admixture of blood;
  • purulent-bloody;
  • curdled;
  • creamy.
• hyperemia and swelling of the vulva;
• discomfort (rezi, burning and the like);
• soreness of the vulva;
• dysuria;
• itching of the vulva and vagina.

Screening vulvovaginitis in girls

Screening vylvaginitis in girls is the conduct of preventive examinations in preschool and school institutions. The risk groups for developing vulvovaginitis include girls:

• without the skills of personal and intimate hygiene;
• from socially disadvantaged and incomplete families;
• born from mothers with sexually transmitted infections;
• victims of sexual violence;
• with systemic chronic diseases and atopic dermatitis.

Treatment of the vulvovaginitis in girls

How is vulvovaginitis treated in girls?

Vulvavaginitis in girls is treated by different methods. The choice of a method for treating vulvovaginitis depends on the cause of the disease.

Treatment of vulvovaginitis, caused by the presence of a foreign body in the vagina, begins with the removal of a foreign body. Then, the vagina is washed with antiseptic solutions.

Treatment of vulvovaginitis caused by enterobiosis, it is advisable to start with anthelmintic (anthelminthic) effect. The vagina is washed with antiseptic solutions.

The most difficult to treat nonspecific vulvovaginitis in girls, usually chronically. Its exacerbation usually occurs after acute respiratory infections, influenza or any other infection, as well as with exacerbation of chronic tonsillitis or chronic infection of other localization.

Prevention

How to prevent vulvovaginitis in girls?

Vulvovaginitis in girls can be prevented if the following rules are observed:

• Timely treatment of vulvovaginitis and sanation of foci of infection (chronic diseases of the rotosynopharynx, pyelonephritis, carious teeth, etc.).
• Avoidance of unreasonable use of antiseptic and antibacterial drugs, glucocorticoids.
• Hardening (sports, water procedures).

Prevention of specific vulvovaginitis in girls should begin when planning pregnancy, when it is necessary to conduct adequate diagnosis and timely treatment of pregnant women to ensure the birth of a healthy child.

Forecast

What prognosis does vulvovaginitis have in girls?

Vulvovaginitis in girls, as a rule, has a favorable prognosis.