Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (gastroenterology)

Stomach and duodenal ulcer: diagnosis

Ulcer disease should be suspected if the patient has pain associated with eating, combined with nausea and vomiting, in epigastric, pyloroduodenal areas or right and left hypochondrium.

Malignancy of the stomach ulcer

According to modern data, the frequency of malignant stomach ulcers does not exceed 2%. The data of previous years were overestimated. This is due to the fact that for the malignant stomach ulcer the primary gastric ulcer was taken, which in clinical course almost does not differ from chronic gastric ulcer.

Stenosis of the pylorus and duodenum

Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum is complicated by stenosis of the pylorus or the initial department of the duodenum in 6-15% of cases. There are organic and functional pyloroduodenal stenosis.

Penetration of gastric and duodenal ulcers

Penetration of an ulcer is the penetration of an ulcer into adjacent organs and tissues. Ulcers of the posterior wall of the bulb of the duodenum and postbulbarnye ulcers penetrate mainly into the head of the pancreas; less often - in the major bile ducts, liver, hepatic-gastric ligament, very rarely - into the large intestine and her mesentery.

Perforation of gastric and duodenal ulcer

According to I. I. Neimark (1988), perforation of an ulcer is observed in 3% of patients with peptic ulcer of the stomach and 12 duodenal ulcer. According to other data - in 6-20% of patients. According to studies, the predominance of perforation frequency, depending on the location of the ulcer in the stomach or duodenum was not noted.

Bleeding from gastric and duodenal ulcers

A peptic ulcer is complicated by bleeding in about one in ten patients. According to the research, obvious bleeding occurs in 10-15% of patients with peptic ulcer, and hidden bleeding, detected only with the help of Gregersen's reaction and not manifested clinically, accompany the exacerbation of the disease.

Stomach and duodenal ulcer: symptoms

The main manifestations of peptic ulcer are pain and dyspeptic syndromes (syndrome is a stable combination of symptoms characteristic of the disease). Pain is the most common symptom of peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum. It is necessary to find out the nature, periodicity, time of occurrence and disappearance of pains, the connection with the reception of food.

Types of stomach and duodenal ulcers

Classification of peptic ulcer disease: Localization: gastric ulcers; ulcers of the duodenum; combined ulcers of the stomach and duodenum.

Causes of stomach and duodenal ulcers

The most important role in the development of peptic ulcer belongs to the microorganisms Helicobacter pylori (pyloric helicobacteria), discovered at the end of the 20th century, which reduce the protective properties of the mucous membrane and intensify the aggression of gastric juice. Helicobacter pylori is detected in 90% of patients with duodenal ulcer and in 85% of patients with gastric ulcer.

Gastric and duodenal ulcers

Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum is a chronic relapsing disease that occurs with alternating periods of exacerbation and remission, the main morphological sign of which is the formation of ulcers in the stomach and / or duodenum. The difference between erosion and ulcers is that erosion does not penetrate the muscular plate of the mucous membrane.

Health