Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (gastroenterology)

Irritable bowel syndrome

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a functional disease of the gastrointestinal tract, characterized by pain and / or discomfort in the abdomen, which pass after the act of defecation.

Pseudomembranous colitis: treatment

The first activity is the abolition of an antibiotic that provoked the development of pseudomembranous colitis. Already this one can, with mild forms, prevent the progression of the disease.

Pseudomembranous colitis: diagnosis

The diagnosis of pseudomembranous colitis is based on the history of the disease (association of the development of the disease with treatment with antibiotics), the presence of a colitis clinic, diarrhea with a blood impurity, the determination of Clostr toxins in the stool. Difficile, a characteristic endoscopic picture.

Pseudomembranous colitis: symptoms

Symptoms of pseudomembranous colitis appear during treatment with antibiotics, sometimes 1-10 days after the end of the course of treatment.

Pseudomembranous colitis: causes

Most often, pseudomembranous colitis develops under the influence of prolonged use of antibiotics ampicillin, lincomycin, clindamycin, cephalosporins, less often penicillin, erythromycin, levomycetin, tetracycline. Clostridium difficile is a spore-forming gram-positive anaerobic rod that is capable of producing two kinds of exotoxins of toxin A and toxin B. There are four main reasons for the development of pseudomembranous colitis associated with C. Difficile.

Pseudomembranous colitis

Pseudomembranous colitis is an acute inflammatory disease of the large intestine caused by antibiotics, ranging from a mild short-term diarrhea to severe colitis, which is characterized by exudative plaque on the mucous membrane.

Whipple's disease

Whipple's disease is a rare systemic disease caused by the bacterium Tropheryma whippelii. The main symptoms of Whipple's disease are arthritis, weight loss and diarrhea. Diagnosis is established by a biopsy of the small intestine. Treatment of Whipple's disease consists in taking at least 1 year of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.

Disaccharidase-deficient enteropathies

Disaccharidase-deficient enteropathy is a lesion of the small intestine of an innate or acquired character, caused by a decrease in activity or complete absence of one or more disaccharidases.

Celiac disease (gluten enteropathy)

Celiac disease (nontropical spruce, gluten enteropathy, celiac disease) is an immunologically mediated disease of the gastrointestinal tract in genetically predisposed individuals, manifested by intolerance to gluten, inflammation of the mucosa and malabsorption. Symptoms of celiac disease usually include diarrhea and feelings of abdominal discomfort.

Chronic enteritis

Chronic enteritis is a chronic disease of the small intestine, characterized by a violation of its functions, primarily digestion and absorption, resulting in intestinal disorders and changes in all types of metabolism. The term "chronic enteritis" is mainly used in the defeat of the small intestine (the decision of the Presidium of the "Association of Societies of Gastroenterologists" - the former All-Union Scientific Society of Gastroenterologists).

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