Dysphagia is the very first and main symptom of achalasia cardia. It has the following features: it occurs inconstantly (during excitement, fast eating, insufficient chewing of food), it is provoked by certain foods
The causes of achalasia of the cardia have not yet been determined. In the etiology of achalasia, two factors are currently of primary interest: Histologically, degenerative changes in the intramural nerve plexuses of the esophagus are almost always found. Psychogenesis is evident in most patients.
Achalasia cardia is a neurogenic disease based on a disorder of esophageal motility, characterized by a disorder of its peristalsis and insufficient relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter during swallowing. Symptoms of achalasia are characterized by slowly progressing dysphagia, usually when taking liquid and solid food, and regurgitation of undigested food.
Esophageal dyskinesia is a disorder of its motor (movement) function, consisting of a change in the movement of food from the pharynx to the stomach in the absence of organic lesions of the esophagus.
