Ubrethid

Ubretide belongs to the group of anticholinesterase agents, the active substance of the drug is distigmine bromide.

When taking ubretide, it is not recommended to drive or operate machinery, as the drug can affect reaction speed.

Ubretide is used no more than once a day; during a long course of treatment, a break is taken (one or two days) in order to prevent the accumulation of distigmine bromide.

Indications Ubrethid

Indications for the use of ubretide are as follows:

• Postoperative weakening of intestinal muscle tone.
• Excessive accumulation of gases in the intestines.
• Paralytic intestinal obstruction (against the background of decreased tone of intestinal myocytes).
• Atonic constipation.
• Megacolon.
• Atony of the urinary tract.
• Violation of the urinary bladder sphincter, as well as its hypotension.
• Rapid fatigue of striated muscles ( myasthenia ).
• Peripheral muscular paralysis.

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Release form

Release form of ubretide: the drug is available as a solution for intramuscular injection, as well as in the form of tablets.

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Pharmacodynamics

Pharmacodynamics of ubretide: the effect of the drug occurs within an hour and a half after use. Ubretide increases peristalsis of the gastrointestinal tract, the tone of the urinary system, skeletal muscle tissue, causes relaxation of smooth muscles in the walls of blood vessels, slows the heart rate, moderately increases the functioning of the glands of external secretion.

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Pharmacokinetics

Pharmacokinetics of ubretide: after oral administration, it is metabolized by hydrolysis. It does not penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Metabolites are eliminated in the urine.

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Dosing and administration

Method of administration and dosage of the drug: ubretide is taken five milligrams daily, then the dose is increased to ten milligrams per day or, conversely, reduced to five milligrams once every two to three days, depending on the indications.

The tablets are taken on an empty stomach half an hour before meals.

The drug is administered intramuscularly at 0.5 mg, each subsequent administration is carried out no earlier than 24 hours later. In case of prolonged therapy, the drug should be stopped for two to three days after its use for five to seven days.

For elderly patients, as well as people suffering from vagotonia, the doses are calculated individually and can be reduced. In case of myasthenia, the dosage of the drug can be increased.

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Use Ubrethid during pregnancy

The use of ubretides during pregnancy and breastfeeding is contraindicated.

Contraindications

Contraindications for the use of ubretide are as follows:

• Increased acidity of gastric juice.
• Increased tone of the intestines, biliary and urinary systems.
• Intestinal obstruction (excluding paralytic).
• Stomach ulcer.
• Duodenal ulcer.
• Inflammatory processes in the colon.
• Inflammatory processes in the small intestine.
• Convulsive disease.
• Idiopathic Parkinson's syndrome.
• Postoperative shock.
• Increased secretion of salivary glands.
• Decreased heart rate.
• Low blood pressure (hypotension).
• Chronic heart failure.
• Myocardial infarction.
• Increased levels of thyroid hormones.
• Inflammation of the iris of the eyeball.
• Tonic muscle spasms (Thomsen's disease).
• Convulsions caused by calcium metabolism disorders.
• Bronchial asthma.
• Pregnancy.
• Breastfeeding period.
• Occlusive disorders of peripheral circulation.

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Side effects Ubrethid

Side effects of ubretide may cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, intestinal colic. Also, side effects of the drug ubretide include bronchospasm, increased secretion of the salivary glands, increased motor activity of the stomach and intestines, decreased heart rate, increased sweating, muscle spasms, pupil constriction, tremor, swallowing disorder, muscle twitching, myasthenia, dysmenorrhea.

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Overdose

Overdose of the drug ubretide can cause symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, spasms of the gastrointestinal tract, increased intestinal peristalsis, increased secretion of the salivary glands, bronchospasm, decreased heart rate, constriction of the pupil, myasthenia, muscle twitching.

To neutralize the symptoms of overdose, 0.5–1 mg of atropine is administered subcutaneously or intravenously. If a cholinergic crisis develops, the patient must be hospitalized to provide assistance.

Interactions with other drugs

Interaction of ubretide with other drugs: the effect of the drug is reduced by M-anticholinergics, psychostimulants and antihistamines, peripheral muscle relaxants, glucocorticoids, antiarrhythmic drugs and aminoglycosides.

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Storage conditions

Storage conditions for ubretide: the drug should be stored in a dark place at a temperature of two to eight degrees, out of the reach of children.

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Shelf life

The shelf life of the drug ubretide is five years.