Tetralgin

Tetralgin has antipyretic and analgesic effects. Contains active ingredients caffeine, metamizole sodium, caffeine and phenobarbital.

Metamizole Na is a derivative of pyrazolone. It exhibits antipyretic and analgesic activity. [ 1 ]

Caffeine is synthesized with purine endings inside the brain and also has a stimulating and excitatory effect on the function of the nervous system. [ 2 ]

Codeine exhibits an antitussive effect, which is provided by the development of an influence on the cough center (reducing excitability). [ 3 ]

Phenobarbital is an antispasmodic and muscle relaxant.

Indications Tetralgin

It is used to relieve pain in the following disorders: algomenorrhea, arthralgia, myalgia, neuralgia, as well as headaches and toothaches.

Can be prescribed to eliminate symptoms of acute respiratory infections, colds and flu.

Release form

The release of the medicine is realized in tablets - 10 pieces inside a blister pack; inside a box - 1 or 2 such packs. It can also be produced inside polymer jars - 20 tablets each.

Pharmacodynamics

Metamizole Na promotes the development of peripheral analgesia – by disrupting the processes of binding COX-1 and COX-2. This leads to the suppression of PG production. The systemic effect develops with the suppression of neuronal activity of the sensitive posterior roots of the spinal cord. The active component does not lead to the development of addiction, does not have a hypnotic effect and does not suppress the function of the respiratory center. The development of withdrawal syndrome is also not observed.

Caffeine acts by inhibiting the activity of the PDE enzyme and increasing intracellular cAMP levels. This leads to potentiation of glycogenolysis within the NS, as well as muscle tissue. Along with this, caffeine has a strong vasoconstrictor effect. The active element can also enhance the activity of metamizole Na.

Codeine is a subgroup of opiates and has a powerful analgesic effect. It also has a weak antidiarrheal effect (weakening intestinal peristalsis, relaxing smooth muscle tissue and eliminating spasms in the sphincter area).

The analgesic effect develops through the excitation of special opiate endings in the area of peripheral tissues and various parts of the nervous system, resulting in stimulation of the antinociceptive system – this changes the emotional perception of pain.

Phenobarbital has hypnotic and sedative properties. At the same time, it also demonstrates an anticonvulsant effect.

Dosing and administration

The medicine is taken orally – 1-3 times a day, 1 tablet per use (the dosage is selected taking into account the intensity of pain).

A maximum of 4 tablets are allowed per day. Treatment can last a maximum of 5 days.

• Application for children

The drug is not used in pediatrics.

Use Tetralgin during pregnancy

It is prohibited to prescribe Tetralgin during pregnancy or breastfeeding.

Contraindications

Main contraindications:

• leukopenia, anemia;
• bronchospasm, conditions in which there is respiratory depression, increased intracranial pressure, decreased blood pressure;
• severe personal intolerance to the drug;
• arrhythmia, TBI, alcohol intoxication;
• liver/kidney failure.

Should be administered with caution to elderly people.

Side effects Tetralgin

Side effects include:

• tachycardia, dizziness and increased drowsiness;
• leukopenia or granulocytopenia, agranulocytosis;
• nausea, constipation, vomiting;
• epidermal pruritus or rash and urticaria.

With prolonged uncontrolled use of the drug, a decrease in the analgesic effect and the development of drug dependence is possible, which is associated with codeine. In addition, liver/kidney failure may be observed.

Overdose

Symptoms of poisoning include: tachycardia, arrhythmia, respiratory depression, nausea, gastralgia and vomiting.

Procedures to prevent absorption of Tetralgin (gastric lavage and use of enterosorbents) are performed. In addition, symptomatic actions are carried out.

Interactions with other drugs

Use with medications that suppress the activity of the nervous system may lead to suppression of the respiratory center and potentiation of the sedative effect.

The drug potentiates the effect of ethyl alcohol on psychomotor reactions.

Administration in combination with phenothiazine derivatives causes severe hyperthermia.

When Tetralgin is administered together with cyclosporine, a decrease in the latter's levels is observed.

Due to the fact that metamizole sodium can displace protein synthesis processes in the described drugs (indirect anticoagulants, orally administered antidiabetic drugs, indomethacin and GCS), it is possible to enhance their therapeutic effect.

Oral contraception, allopurinol and tricyclics increase the toxic activity of metamizole Na and also change its intrahepatic metabolic processes.

Inducers of intrahepatic microsomal enzymes (phenylbutazone with barbiturates) may weaken the effect of metamizole Na.

Storage conditions

Tetralgin must be stored at temperatures no higher than 25°C.

Shelf life

Tetralgin can be used within a 36-month period from the date of sale of the drug.

Analogues

The analogs of the drug are the substances Tempanginol, Tempanal with Sedal-M, Tempimet and Pentalgin with Pyatirchatka.

Reviews

Tetralgin receives good reviews from patients - a good effect in eliminating pain is observed, as well as good tolerability of the drug. The drug has a fast effect and eliminates pain for a long time (dental, after operations or injuries). Traumatologists, surgeons and therapists often prescribe it to eliminate pain symptoms.

One of the disadvantages is that prolonged use causes a weakening of the drug's activity and a decrease in effectiveness.