Algodismenorea

Many women and girls are faced with such a diagnosis as algodismenorea. This disease manifests itself in the appearance of spasmodic or monotonous, pulling pains during the passage of menstruation.

Algodismenorea - the appearance during menstruation of sharp cramping or aching pain in the lower abdomen, in the lumbar and sacral areas of the spine, accompanied by general malaise and disability. They are due to various reasons. Timely determination of the root cause of pathology and quality therapy will allow a woman to avoid even more serious health problems in the future.

Primary algodismenorea is associated with the accumulation of prostaglandins in the uterus, leading to the development of ischemia and pain syndrome. It is often noted with sexual infantilism or pathological bending of the uterus body. The cause of secondary algodismenorea are inflammatory diseases of the genital organs, uterine tumors, endometriosis, partial infection of the cervical canal, and others.

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The causes of algodismenosis

If a woman has painful periods, you should not brush off such a problem. Pain is a signal from the body that a malfunction has occurred in its functioning, which must be immediately eliminated. Otherwise, further progression of the disease can lead to a complex pathology with the impossibility of regression.

The causes of algodismenosis can be quite diverse:

• Endometriosis is a disease that affects mainly women of reproductive age. With this pathology, the cells of the inner layer of the uterine wall grow outside of its layer.
• Myoma is the formation of a benign neoplasm in the muscular layer of the female organ.
• Adenomyosis is a rather complex inflammatory process, which causes focal adhesion of two layers of uterine wall tissues: myometrium (muscular tissue of the uterus wall) and endometrium (internal mucous membrane of the uterus).
• Hyperreflexia is the growth of segmental reflexes, which are increasing due to a decrease in the inhibitory effect of the cerebral cortex on the segmental reflex apparatus.
• Hypoplasia of the uterus - a condition in which the size of the female organ is significantly less than the norm, due to its underdevelopment.
• The uterus is incorrectly located in the cavity of the small pelvis, which entails a failure in the mechanism of the withdrawal of menstrual blood from the uterine region.
• Violation of the integrity of the inner layer, caused by trauma, abortion, severe labor, surgical intervention.
• The cause of algodismenosis can also be found in an infectious-inflammatory disease affecting one or more organs of the reproductive system. These include, for example, salpingo-oophoritis (inflammation of the uterine appendages, fallopian tubes and ovaries), both acute and chronic.
• To cause pain symptoms can and lack of exercise, lack of physical activity.
• To provoke the development of pathology, diseases of a psychological nature, caused by increased excitability of the patient's central nervous system: a tendency to hysterics and hypochondria.

Symptoms of algodismenosis

This pathology is mainly observed in women of childbearing age, often enough with infertility. The disease can be both congenital and acquired character. Depending on the type of disease, there are several differences and manifested symptoms.

In the case of congenital pathology, pain symptoms begin to appear even during the puberty period of the girl, whereas acquired - this is a consequence of the operation, an infectious and inflammatory disease and other factors.

Symptoms of algodismenosis are as follows:

• Sleep disturbance.
• Often the pain starts to pester the woman a few days before the onset of the monthly discharge and stops after the beginning or complete end of the bleeding. The pains are pulling or cramping. Their appearance can be expected in the lower abdomen, near the waist and sacrum. Gradually, irradiation of pain can develop. The woman begins to feel that the pain begins to "give" and into the intestines, in the perineum, to touch the inside of the thighs.
• Failures in metabolic processes.
• Dry mouth.
• Flatulence.
• Headaches, sometimes strong enough.
• Temporary disability.
• Perhaps increased secretion of the fluid producing sweat glands.
• Nausea, sometimes turning into an emetic reflector.
• Very low vitality.
• Symptoms of diarrhea may appear.
• Dizziness, fainting is possible.
• Rarely, but you can observe bulimia and anorexia.
• The increase in the temperature of the body to a figure of 37 ° C.
• Exhaustion of the nervous system, which can be observed against a background of severe pain.

Primary algodismenorea

Physicians differentiate the primary and secondary form of the disease. Primary algodismenorea - it is still diagnosed as a functional pathology, does not affect the violation of the anatomical structure of female organs. Begins to manifest itself in young girls during puberty or a year and a half after the onset of menarche (menstrual cycle).

While secondary algodismenorea develops on the basis of anatomical changes caused by trauma or one of the diseases of the internal genital organs. With this pathology, the temperature characteristics of a woman's body can be significant and accompanied by pathological vaginal discharge, which have a characteristic unpleasant odor. In this case, the menstrual cycle can be knocked down, and the time of bloody discharge will be longer.

Separate the examined pathology by functionality into three types:

• Spasmogenic algodismenorea, accompanied by spasms of high enough intensity (there is an intensive contraction of the smooth muscles of the uterus).
• Essential algodismenorea. Mostly it is a congenital pathology associated with a very low threshold of sensitivity in a woman.
• Psychogenic algodismenorea is diagnosed in most cases in an adult female, if she suffers some kind of mental illness, or a girl at puberty - this may be due to the fear of the first menstruation.

Symptoms of primary algodismenia are akin to the above. Their complex is individual for every woman suffering from this pathology. To the existing list you can add:

• Hiccough.
• Drowsiness.
• Syndrome of "cotton feet".
• Possible swelling.
• Aversion of some smells.
• Aversion to individual foods.
• Numbness of the lower and / or upper limbs.
• Itching itch.

Pain with primary algodismenore has a cramping character. Primary localization - down the abdomen and lumbar region, it is much less possible to feel it in the groin and in the region of the external genitalia.

If a woman - a girl concerned about these symptoms, accompanied by pain in designated places, you should not postpone the trip to the doctor - gynecologist. It is he who is able to establish a diagnosis by referring him to a primary or secondary pathology. But only having put the correct diagnosis, you can count on a positive outcome of treatment.

To promote the development of algodismenosis can the early period of the onset of the menstrual cycle, failures in its course (a long period of blood discharge). Not the last place in the appearance of this pathology is also the presence of a woman's bad habits: smoking, alcohol, inactivity. How sad it sounds, but today the primary algodismenorei suffer, to varying degrees, most of the girls who have not yet given birth. This fact scares doctors very much, since later, if appropriate therapeutic measures are not taken in time, the progression of this pathology can become an obstacle to the desire of a young woman to become a mother.

Diagnosis of algodismenosis

Setting the right diagnosis is, perhaps, one of the key points in the treatment. After all, as far as the cause of the disease is correctly established, the prescribed therapy depends. Incorrectly diagnosed, therefore, an incorrect approach to treatment and as a result, the patient, at best, is not waiting for a solution to his problem, and at worst - getting a complication from improperly prescribed medications.

Diagnosis of algodismenorea includes the following studies:

• Interrogation of the patient about her complaints, and how long they bother her, and what symptoms are accompanied by pain during the passage of menstruation. Already at this stage, a qualified specialist is able to make an assumption about the presence of a pathology of a certain orientation.
• Examination of the doctor - gynecologist.
• Identification of a gynecological anamnesis: the presence of specific diseases, a predisposition of a hereditary nature. The doctor is trying to get information, whether the mother or the grandmother of the patient suffered from the disease. How early the first months passed, the presence of surgical interventions affecting the genitals and other organs of the small pelvis. The knowledge about the abundance of excretions in case of menstruation and the nature of pain symptoms is also significant.
• Ultrasonic examination of pelvic organs.
• Calposcopy or hysteroscopy is a diagnostic procedure that allows you to visually inspect the condition of the entrance to the vagina, the mucosa of its walls and the cervix close to the vagina. The study is performed using a colposcope or, correspondingly, a hysteroscope, a special medical device consisting of a binocular and a lighting tube.
• Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a highly accurate information method of molecular genetic research. It makes it possible to identify various infectious and hereditary diseases in the examined patient (both acute and chronic).
• Taking a smear from the vagina, cervical canal and urethra. Microbiological examination of it on the flora.
• The determination of the level of hormones in the blood of a woman during the first and second phases of the physiological cycle of a woman.
• Laparoscopy is the method of endoscopic surgery, which allows to study the organs of the abdominal cavity.
• Required counseling psychotherapist or psychologist.

Primarily, the research of the specialist is aimed at revealing the secondary pathology and only if the diagnosis of algodismenrhea made it possible to exclude it, the patient is diagnosed with primary algodismenorrhea, which is essential for determining the methods of treatment.

It is unlikely that anyone will argue that timely and professional diagnosis is a guarantee of effective therapy, and the basis of any treatment course.

Treatment of algodismenosis

Treatment of secondary algodismenoreism is aimed, at the first stage, to eliminate the revealed organic changes in the uterine and pelvic cavity by the methods of hysteroscopy and laparoscopy (separation of adhesions, removal of endometriosis foci, correction of the inappropriate position of the uterus, etc.), which allows to significantly reduce the pain syndrome. In the second stage, if necessary, shows the use of conservative therapy methods used in the treatment of primary algodismenorrhea (inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis, gestagenic or combined estrogen-progestogen drugs, antispasmodics, analgesics).

The diagnosis is made, and you can start treatment. If the disease is defined as a primary pathology, the treatment of algodismenosis begins with the treating doctor - a gynecologist, usually with antispasmodics and hormonal drugs. For example, it can be buskopan, flexen, no-shpa, oki and many others.

An anesthetic drug that effectively removes muscle spasms - Buscopan is prescribed for oral administration (oral). The recommended dosage for adult patients and children who are already six years old is three doses throughout the day, one to three tablets.

If the gynecologist has prescribed another way of administering the drug - rectal, in this case the drug is used in the form of suppositories, which are applied by the same age category three times a day. Before use, the rectal suppository is removed from the hermetic shell and wound with a beveled edge inside. The length of the course of treatment is controlled by the attending doctor and, if necessary, can prolong it.

The refusal to use this medicine can be: diagnosed in the patient's closed angle glaucoma, pulmonary edema, myasthenia gravis (an autoimmune disease manifested by weakness and abnormal fatigue of skeletal muscles). This is atherosclerosis, affecting the capillaries of the brain, megacolon (developmental disorder described as anatomical increase in the size of the colon), as well as individual intolerance of hyoscine-N-butyl bromides or other components in the formulation.

But-shpa is attributed to a patient in the form of tablets or a solution for subcutaneous or intramuscular injections.

In the form of tablets, the drug is used by the patient two to three times a day for 40 to 80 mg after the main meal. And in the form of injections of 2% the drug is injected rather slowly two to three times throughout the day in an amount of 2 to 4 ml (per one input).

The drug has its own contraindications. It:

• Arterial hypertension.
• Stable increase in blood pressure immediately before the onset of menstruation.
• Bronchial asthma.
• Pylorospasm is a spastic reduction in the musculature of the pyloric part of the stomach, causing the difficulty of emptying it.
• Angina pectoris.
• Ulcerous manifestations on the mucosa of the digestive tract.
• Colitis, including spastic character.
• Cholelithiasis.

If a young girl does not live a regular sex life, NSAID medicines (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), preferably selective inhibitors of COX-2, are usually prescribed. These include: Tselebrex, celecoxib.

A highly selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, Celebrex, is prescribed for use by the doctor two times a day at a dosage of 0.2 g.

It is recommended to take celebrex twice a day for 0.2 g of the drug. In the case of a sufficiently high activity of muscle spasms, the attending physician may prescribe a one-time admission in the amount of 0.4 to 0.6 g of the drug. After removing acute pain, it is advisable to return to the recommended dosage of 0.2 g.

If a woman's history has a problem with the functioning of the kidneys, the daily amount of the drug should be reduced by half. In liver failure, the recommended dosage should not be adjusted.

To contra-indications tseledreksa inclination to allergic manifestations, hypersensitivity or complete intolerance of the components of the drug or sulfonamides. And also if a woman, or a girl, had surgery to install a coronary shunt or a fair sex is in the third trimester of pregnancy.

Non-selective drugs NSAIDs used in the treatment of algodismenosis include faspik, ibuprofen, buran, nurofen, which show pronounced anti-inflammatory and analgesic characteristics.

The dosage of Ibuprofen is strictly individual and depends on the level of pain symptoms. Predominantly adult patients and girls who are already 12 years old, the doctor attributes one to two tablets administered three to four times a day immediately after ingestion. In case of acute pain or complicated course of the disease, the attending physician may decide to increase the dosage: three tablets taken three to four times a day, which corresponds to a daily intake of ibuprofen (active substance of the drug) in an amount of 1.8 to 2.4 g. The maximum daily dosage should not be more than 2.4 g.

Do not take this medication if a woman is ill with one of the following pathologies:

• Ulcerous and erosive lesions of the mucous organs of the digestive tract.
• Bronchial asthma.
• Ulcerative colitis is a nonspecific form of manifestation.
• Leukopenia is a reduced amount of leukocytes contained in a woman's blood (less than 4000 in 1 μl of peripheral blood).
• Thrombocytopenia.
• Dysfunction of the kidney and / or liver in severe form.
• Hypertension.
• Dysfunction of the heart muscle.
• Illness affecting the optic nerve.
• Pregnancy and lactation.
• Hypersensitivity to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or other constituents of the drug.

Hormonal drugs are prescribed by a gynecologist depending on the age of the patient and the presence of a permanent sexual partner. If a woman regularly lives sexually, then she is mainly prescribed hormonal drugs, which have the status of contraceptives. The modern pharmacological market is represented by a wide range of products of this category, but in the treatment of algodismenire, the advantage of the appointment belongs to low-dose oral contraceptives.

To the medicines used in this situation, belonging to the third generation medicine, you can include mercilone, femodene, janin and others.

The method and schedule for the administration of microdosed ethinylestradiol in combination with a gestagenic chemical element can be found in any instruction attached to a hormonal contraceptive prescribed by a gynecologist.

For example, Jeanine is injected inside, washing the dragee with enough water. The reception is held once a day at a certain time, which must be clearly adhered to. The duration of the treatment course is 21 days, after which it is maintained for seven days without entering. Skip receptions should not be - it significantly reduces the effectiveness of treatment.

Janine is not assigned to women with severe liver disease, with increased sensitivity to any of the components of the drug, if the patient has thrombophlebitis or a tendency to thrombosis, diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, pancreatitis, malignant lesions affecting the liver, bleeding affecting the female's reproductive system. Janine does not take and during pregnancy or feeding a young mother of her newborn baby.

In addition to the therapy described above, a woman suffering from algodismenorrhoea receives general restorative therapy. Under these terms, the intake of vitamins is concealed (especially this refers to their group affiliation B6 and E), as well as minerals and trace elements. In this situation, the presence of magnesium ions is especially necessary.

If secondary algodismenorrhea is diagnosed, then, depending on the source, it may be necessary to include in the therapy a surgical intervention performed on the organs of the reproductive system of a woman. The operation makes it possible to eliminate the anomaly in the structural structure of one of the reproductive organs. If the operation is carried out, immediately after its completion, the obstetrician-gynecologist prescribes antibiotics, and then other medications as described above.

To obtain the soonest effect, a number of physiotherapy procedures are connected to the protocol of complex therapy. In this situation, the electrophoresis performed by a woman in the second half of the menstrual cycle works perfectly.

Excellent procedures and procedures such as galvanic collar, ultrasound in pulsed mode, phonophoresis with various solutions, pulsed currents of low frequency and some other procedures have also proved themselves.

Preparations for algodismenorea

The essence of any therapy is the elimination of the cause of the pathology or, in extreme cases, its symptomatic manifestation. To stop or reduce the intensity of pain medications for algodismenorrhoea are prescribed from a group of analgesics. For example, it can be sedal-M, pentalgin, ketonal, spasmol, efferalgan, baralgin M, analgin, panadol. With severe pain symptoms, complex medications, for example, baralgetas, take, spazgan or pazmalgon, are suitable.

If the cause of pathological pain in a woman is one of the diseases affecting the psychological health of a woman, which is caused by increased excitability of the central nervous system (a tendency to hysterics and hypochondria), this patient is assigned tranquilizers. This category of drugs is designed to stabilize the woman's mental state. These drugs include: Valium, chlordiazepoxide, xanax, hydroxyzine, diazepam, clobazam, triazolam, lorazepam, alprazolam, librium, frizium, elenium, phenazepam, bromazepam, seduxen, atarax, relum, oxylidine.

Diazepamum dosage is administered to patients individually and based on the severity of the diagnosed disease. The drug is taken twice a day. One-time the amount of the drug administered can be prescribed in the range of 4 to 15 mg. At the same time, the maximum allowable daily amount of the drug administered should not exceed the figure of 60 mg (and this dose is prescribed by the treating doctor only if the woman is in a hospital so that she can constantly monitor her condition).

If intramuscular or intravenous administration is required, the doctor will prescribe an injection or invasion with a volume of 10-20 mg of the drug.

It is strictly forbidden to enter this medication into the treatment protocol if a woman has been diagnosed with myasthenia gravis, liver and / or kidney dysfunction, angle-closure glaucoma, and if the body shows increased intolerance to the constituents of diazepam or the patient is pregnant.

If an adult woman who has consulted an adult has regular sexual relations, hormonal drugs classified as low-dose contraceptives are prescribed to stop the cramping pain that disturbs her, and accompanying symptoms. It can be a microinon, yarina, novinet, logest, marvelon, belar, miramin, regulon, silust, triregol.

Yarine is injected inside in the form of a dragee, which is washed down with a sufficient volume of water. The reception is held once a day at a certain time, which must be clearly adhered to. The duration of the treatment course is 21 days, after which it is maintained for seven days without entering. Skip receptions should not be - it significantly reduces the effectiveness of treatment.

This contraceptive is not prescribed for women with severe liver disease, with increased sensitivity to any of the components of the drug, in case of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, the presence of thrombophlebitis or a tendency to thrombosis, pancreatitis, malignant growth affecting the liver, bleeding affecting the female genital system . Yarina is not accepted and during pregnancy or feeding by the young mother of her newborn baby.

But still, the preferred method of therapy is taking two to three days before the supposed monthly inhibitors of prostaglandin synthetase production, which in medicine combine into a group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. This group includes: nifluril, as sulindac, orthophene, ketazone, indomethacin, voltaren, ketoprofen, donalgin, revodin, mefenamic acid, methindole, butadione, surgam, rheopyrin, pyrabutol, piroxicum.

The prescribed mefenamic acid is recommended to be used immediately after meals, preferably together with a sufficient amount of milk.

Mostly adult patients and girls who are already 14 years old, the doctor attributes a one-time dosage falling in the range from 0.25 to 0.5 g, taken three to four times throughout the day. The maximum daily dosage should not be higher than 3.0 g. If the expected effect is achieved, then to maintain it at the required therapeutic level it is sufficient to reduce the daily intake, bringing to 1.0 g.

If premenstrual pains torment a girl under 14 years old, who have already had periods, then mefenamic acid is taken by 0.25 g three to four times throughout the day. The recommended duration of treatment is 20 to 45 days, and with medical indications and longer.

Do not take this drug for women who have a history of stomach ulcer and duodenal ulcer, kidney pathology, problems with blood, diseases caused by inflammation in one of the organs of the digestive tract, as well as in case of individual intolerance of the components of the drug in question.

The main principle of such therapy is to prevent the onset of pain symptoms. And if at the onset of monthly pain is still felt, then, against the background of taking inhibitors of prostaglandin, its intensity is significantly lower than without the introduction of such drugs.

With severe pain, drugs of the same group, but combined action, will be more effective. These include veralgin, baralgin, spazgin, trigan, spasmalgin, maxigan, spasmalgon, minalgan.

Baralgin does not depend on the time of food intake and is prescribed one to two tablets two to three times during the day. With very strong spasmodic pains, baralgin in the form of injections or invasions is slowly administered in an amount of 2 to 5 ml intravenously or intramuscularly. The treatment course usually is three to four menstrual cycles.

The monoestagens also showed high effectiveness of reception: norkolut, acetomepregenol, dydrogesterone, norethisterone, turinale, organometr and duphaston. Drugs of this group are usually prescribed for admission, from 14-16 days of the menstrual cycle to 25 days. In this case, the drug is administered once a day, at the same time, with a dosage of 5 to 15 mg.

Prevention of algodismenorea

Any disease is easier to prevent than to treat it in the future. This principle parents should bring to their children as early as possible. Prevention of algodismenore does not require any special efforts from a woman. And if these simple rules enter into her life and will be taken for granted, then such an effort can not be called an effort - it will be just a right way of life that will save the female body from many diseases and simply unpleasant uncomfortable conditions.

Recommendations for the prevention of algodismenosis include:

• Correct, rational and balanced nutrition.
• Remove from the diet products that include stabilizers, dyes, preservatives and other chemicals.
• Refusal from bad habits and eating at the fast food points.
• Compliance with personal hygiene.
• Moderate physical activity, which is intermittent with a full rest.
• Minimize the amount of strong coffee and tea consumed.
• For the pleasure of doing morning exercises, light jogging.
• It is advisable to visit the pool and / or fitness.
• If you have unpleasant symptoms, do not delay the trip to a specialist. Timely diagnosis and careful follow-up of the doctor's recommendations in the treatment process.
• Do not allow infectious and inflammatory diseases affecting the pelvic organs.
• Watch your weight.
• It is advisable to undergo a preventive checkup twice a year with a gynecologist.

Inattention to one's health is just a crime against nature. After all, seemingly so harmless algodismenorea, if you ignore it, eventually can lead to infertility and deprive a woman of the chance to become a mother.

Prognosis of algodismenosis

If the patient is diagnosed with a disease that belongs to the primary form of pathology, the prognosis of algodismenosis is quite favorable. It is only necessary to slightly adjust your lifestyle, nutrition and, if necessary, undergo a small therapy.

The situation with the treatment of secondary pathology is somewhat more complicated. In case the patient in time turned to the district obstetrician-gynecologist, was fully examined and treated adequately, one can expect a complete cure or at least a decrease in the intensity of the pain manifestations. The final result in this case essentially depends on the severity level of the disease, which causes such a symptomatology.

The main omen of a woman is the birth of a child. And if she begins to worry the above symptomatology, pull with the campaign to the doctor should not. Pain can talk about the development of a fairly serious illness in the patient's body. The conclusion is one. If a woman will carefully fulfill all the requirements of her doctor, then there are high chances to get rid of such a disease as algodismenoria once and for all, as well as to carry out the mission given to her by nature - the birth of a new person.

The main thing is to turn to a specialist in time and in any case not to give up, your health, first of all, is in your hands.