Poison pills

Poisoning is an acute or chronic toxic injury to the body that occurs as a result of exposure to chemicals or microorganism toxins. Intoxication leads to disruption of important vital functions of various organs and systems. Poisoning is classified depending on the cause and location of the introduction of the toxic compound, the method of entry of the damaging substance into the human body, the duration of exposure and the degree of manifestation of clinical symptoms.

Main classification groups:

• Cause and place of exposure to toxic substances: accidental, intentional, suicidal, criminal, industrial, domestic. The most common is the domestic group: consumption of poor-quality food, alcohol, drugs, drug overdose, self-medication, etc.
• The method of entry of the toxic compound: oral (household group), inhalation (result of inhaling a toxic substance), entry of poisons through the skin and mucous membranes (bites of poisonous snakes, insects or entry of secretions of poisonous animals onto the surface of the skin).
• Duration of exposure to a toxic substance: acute and chronic poisoning. Acute poisoning occurs with a single ingestion of a toxic compound and the sudden onset of corresponding symptoms. Chronic damage is detected with the accumulation of toxins in the body and is characterized by a gradual increase in poisoning symptoms with frequent ingestion of subtoxic doses over a long period.

Degree of toxic damage: mild, moderate, severe and critical.

Among household poisonings, food toxic infections are the most common. They occur when eating contaminated and poor-quality food products. They are characterized by a sudden onset (the first signs appear 2-6 hours after the introduction of the pathogen) and a sharp increase in the severity of symptoms. The main symptoms are weakness, malaise, nausea, repeated vomiting, chills, fever, flatulence, and diarrhea. Such symptoms require immediate consultation with a specialist or emergency hospitalization in a medical facility.

The initial stage of therapy consists of evacuating the remains of toxic food products from the upper sections of the intestine. This is done using the procedure of gastric lavage and the use of enterosorbents. The first wash waters are subject to collection for bacteriological culture and determination of the causative agent of poisoning.

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Dosing and administration

Anti-poisoning tablets are divided into:

• Sorbent preparations (activated carbon, filtrum, polysorb) are able to bind substances that poison the body directly in the intestine, preventing the introduction of toxins into the systemic bloodstream. The removal of compounds formed during the absorption process occurs together with feces.
• Intestinal motility activators (motilium, metoclopramide) accelerate the process of evacuation of absorbed components. Metoclopramide is used for symptomatic relief of nausea and vomiting.
• Broad-spectrum antibiotics (enterofuril, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, furazolidone) to combat bacterial flora. Obtaining the results of bacterial culture of wash waters may entail the prescription of drugs used to eliminate a specific pathogen of poisoning.
• To restore the disturbed balance of intestinal microflora after the introduction of the pathogen of acute intestinal infections and the use of antibacterial drugs, probiotics (hilak forte) are prescribed.

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Activated carbon

The drug Activated carbon is the simplest, most effective and cheapest tablets for poisoning. The sorbent is made from specially processed carbon of plant or animal origin. The drug has an excellent absorbent effect, absorbing gases, alkaloids (nitrogen-containing substances), toxins.

Pharmacodynamics. Powerful sorbent. Absorption capacity extends to the entire surface of the preparation. Reduces absorption of toxins, poisons, salts of heavy metals, glycosides and alkaloids of drugs from the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract, helping to reduce their concentration and evacuation from the body. The sorbing capacity is also maintained in relation to gases.

Pharmacokinetics. The drug does not penetrate into the blood through the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract and is not subject to metabolic transformation. The intestinal transit time is 25 hours. It is evacuated with feces unchanged.

Directions for use: Tablets or powder for oral use should be taken with a sufficient amount of water.

In acute forms of poisoning, a suspension prepared from water and activated carbon powder (it can be obtained by crushing tablets) is used to wash out the stomach. The patient is then prescribed oral administration of tablets of 20-30 grams per day.

For flatulence and dyspeptic symptoms, the drug is prescribed at 1-2 grams 3-4 times a day for 3-7 days. In each specific case, the individual duration of the course of use of the enterosorbent is determined by the doctor.

The use of activated carbon is associated with the diet and the scheme of taking other drugs. When the sorbent is used synchronously with other drugs, their effectiveness is significantly reduced. The coal tablets are taken 60 minutes before meals or oral medications and 1.5-2 hours after.

Long-term use of the sorbent can reduce the level of minerals and vitamins, causing disturbances in the acid-electrolyte balance of the body.

Use during pregnancy. The use of activated carbon is permitted at all stages of the gestation period. In case of severe toxicosis, it can be prescribed by a doctor to alleviate the condition of a pregnant woman. Do not overuse the sorbent, as it significantly slows down the intake of useful microelements and vitamins from food. You can resort to the use of activated carbon during pregnancy only in case of extreme necessity with the permission of a doctor.

Interaction with other drugs. Reduces the absorption and activity of drugs when used simultaneously.

Contraindications: Individual intolerance, presence and period of exacerbation from any part of the gastrointestinal tract, intestinal atony, children under 6 years of age.

Side effects. The use of activated carbon causes dyspeptic symptoms, difficulty in defecation, and blackening of feces. Long-term use leads to a decrease in the level of vitamins, microelements, and nutritional compounds.

Release form: tablets, granules and black powder, tasteless and odorless.

Storage conditions. Dry place, inaccessible to sunlight. Store in a sealed package separately from preparations that emit vapors and gases. Excessive humidity leads to a decrease in absorption capacity. Shelf life is 3 years.

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Filtrum

Sorbent of natural origin. It is produced in the form of tablets and lozenges. The active ingredient is hydrolytic lignin. It is a universal sorbent with high absorption capacity. It binds toxic substances in the intestinal lumen and prevents their harmful effects on the body. It is used in a complex of detoxification measures for poisoning caused by various reasons and substances. It helps to reduce the concentration and remove absorbed toxins with feces, activating the normalization of physiological processes in the intestine.

Use of anti-poisoning tablets during pregnancy. No studies have been conducted on the effect of the drug on a woman's body during gestation. There is no scientific data on the safety of Filtrum for pregnant women.

Contraindications for use:

• Hypersensitivity to the active ingredient of the drug;
• History of ulcerative lesions in various parts of the intestine or an exacerbation stage;
• Gastrointestinal bleeding;
• Intestinal atony;
• Obstruction of any part of the gastrointestinal tract;
• Galactosemia.

Side effects. The drug can cause allergic reactions in case of individual intolerance to the components. Taking Filtrum, regardless of the form of release, can provoke the appearance of flatulence. Constipation often occurs against the background of taking the drug. Long-term use leads to a decrease in the level of vitamins and minerals in the body. Simultaneous use of Filtrum with other drugs significantly reduces their therapeutic effect.

Method of administration and dosage of tablets for poisoning. The dosage of tablets depends on the age category, body weight of the patient and the severity of poisoning. The number of tablets and the scheme of their administration is determined by the attending physician. The average therapeutic dose of a single administration is: for adults - 2-3 tablets, for children from birth to 3 years - 0.5 tablets, for children 4-7 years old - 1 tablet, for children 7-12 years old - 1-2 tablets. The sorbent for poisoning should be taken 3-4 times a day. The maximum daily dosage is 50 tablets. Filtrum is taken orally 60 minutes before meals or taking other medications. It is advisable to crush the tablets, prepare a suspension. Therapy in the acute period of poisoning lasts 3-5 days.

Overdose. No cases of overdose have been recorded.

Interactions with other drugs. Reduces the therapeutic effect of other medications when taken simultaneously. Long-term courses of treatment with the sorbent should be accompanied by taking various vitamin and mineral complexes.

Storage conditions. Dark, dry place. Keep out of reach of children. Keep tightly closed away from preparations with strong odors.

The expiration date is indicated on the blister, as well as on the factory cardboard packaging and is 2 years.

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Polysorb

The synthetic silicon-containing preparation is a powerful enterosorbent. It is produced in the form of a powder for the preparation of a suspension for oral use.

Pharmacodynamics. Has absorbent and detoxifying effects. Binds and eliminates toxic compounds of various origins (bacterial endotoxins, poisons, heavy metal salts, etc.) from the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract. Has a powerful sorption capacity.

Pharmacokinetics. The drug is taken orally as a suspension. Polysorb is not subject to metabolic transformations, is resistant to changes under the influence of enzymes and does not penetrate into the bloodstream. It is evacuated unchanged with feces.

Contraindications for use. Increased hypersensitivity to the drug, erosive and ulcerative destructive pathologies of the intestinal tract during exacerbation, gastric or intestinal bleeding, weakened intestinal peristalsis.

Side effects. Individual allergic reactions to the main active substance are possible. Constipation. Long-term use leads to increased elimination of calcium, microelements and vitamins.

Method of application and dosage of powder for poisoning. Therapy for poisoning can begin with gastric lavage using a suspension of Polysorb. For this procedure, the concentration of the drug should be 0.5-1%. In parallel, a sorbent is prescribed orally. The dosage for adult patients is prescribed at the rate of 10-15 mg / kg of weight.

Overdose. There are no recorded cases of overdose with Polysorb. It is not recommended to use the sorbent in combination with other drugs, as it significantly reduces their effectiveness.

Store in hermetically sealed containers, in a dry place, out of reach of sunlight, with an air temperature not exceeding 25 °C. Keep out of reach of children. Shelf life – 5 years.

Together with the appointment of active sorbents in the treatment of food toxic infections, broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs are used. A necessary condition that requires mandatory compliance is taking the drugs at different times to avoid inactivation of the antibiotic.

Enterofuril

Intestinal antimicrobial drug, antidiarrheal action. The active ingredient is nifuroxazide. In the pharmacy network it is sold in the form of capsules (100 mg and 200 mg) or suspension for oral use.

Pharmacodynamics. Enterofuril is an antibacterial agent acting in the intestinal lumen. It inhibits the growth and reproduction of pathogenic microflora. It creates high concentrations in the intestines and is not metabolized by gastrointestinal enzymes.

Pharmacokinetics. When it enters the stomach, it is not absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract and exhibits an antibacterial effect exclusively in the intestinal lumen. It is eliminated unchanged with feces. The rate of elimination depends on the dose of the drug and intestinal motility.

Pregnancy and lactation. The decision to prescribe Enterofuril during these periods is made by the attending physician. Self-medication can have unpredictable and dangerous consequences. The use of capsules is permitted during the gestation period if the benefit to the mother outweighs the possible risks to the unborn child. The drug is used during lactation in cases of extreme necessity.

Contraindications to taking Enterofuril capsules are:

• Hypersensitivity to nifuroxazide, excipients of the drug;
• Malabsorption syndrome.
• Deep prematurity and children under 1 month of age.

Side effects: nausea, vomiting; allergic reactions (rash, itching, angioedema) occur extremely rarely, but their occurrence cannot be excluded from the list of side effects.

Method of administration and dosage of Enterofuril capsules for poisoning. Capsules are recommended for children aged 7 years and older. For children under 7 years of age, the use of a suspension is recommended. The capsules are swallowed whole, without chewing, without opening the gelatin shell and without pouring out the contents. Standard therapy lasts from 2 to 7 days. The duration of use of the drug is regulated by the doctor depending on the severity and dynamics of the disease.

For children over seven years of age and adult patients - 200 mg four times a day, the maximum therapeutic daily dosage is 800 mg of the drug.

Overdose. If the maximum permissible therapeutic dose is exceeded and signs of deterioration in health appear, the drug is discontinued and symptomatic treatment is administered.

Interactions with other drugs. It is not recommended to use Enterofuril synchronously with sorbents, because the therapeutic effect of the antibiotic will be significantly reduced. Alcohol consumption is strictly prohibited during treatment with Enterofuril. A disulfiram-like reaction may develop in the body, manifested by vomiting, painful spasms in the epigastric region, tachyarrhythmia, and difficulty breathing.

Storage conditions: dry place, away from sunlight, with air temperature not exceeding 30°C.

The capsules are suitable for use for 5 years.

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Tablets for poisoning and vomiting

In addition to sorbents and specific antibiotics, agents stimulating the activation of intestinal peristalsis are used to treat food poisoning. These agents have a positive effect on the general well-being of the patient, reduce the frequency of vomiting and promote the accelerated removal of sorbents with absorbed toxins, reducing the concentration of toxic compounds. For this purpose, the drug in tablets Motilium is successfully used.

Motilium

The drug has a pronounced stimulating effect on intestinal peristalsis, helps to get rid of nausea and vomiting. The active ingredient is domperidone. It is available in the form of biconvex tablets protected by an enteric coating, lingual tablets and suspension.

Pharmacodynamics. Domperidone is a dopamine hormone antagonist. It blocks the action of dopamine receptors (peripheral and central), increases gastric motility. It has heartburn-reducing, nausea-relieving and antiemetic effects.

Pharmacokinetics. Absorption after oral administration is rapid, especially on an empty stomach. The main active substance reaches its maximum values in the systemic bloodstream after 1 hour, binding to plasma proteins (90%). The drug penetrates into various tissues, but almost does not pass the BBB. It is metabolized by the liver and in the intestinal walls. Metabolites are excreted by the intestines and kidneys.

Use of tablets for poisoning during the gestation period and lactation. The use of the drug is permitted if the positive therapeutic effect for the mother outweighs the risk to the fetus and/or child. The need to use the drug is decided by the doctor.

Contraindications for use:

• History of ulceration in any part of the intestine or its exacerbation;
• Intestinal obstruction;
• Bleeding of the gastrointestinal tract;
• Pituitary tumors;
• Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug;
• Severe pathological damage to the liver and kidneys;
• Body weight up to 35 kilograms;
• Oral administration of ketaconazole, erythromycin, clarithromycin, nefazodone, antifungal drugs.

Side effects: impaired motor activity, hyperkinesis, which disappears when the drug is discontinued; spastic contractions of the intestine; enlargement of the mammary glands, amenorrhea, galactorrhea.

Method of administration and dosage. Children over 12 years of age and adults are usually prescribed 20 mg of the drug 3-4 times a day before meals. Children under 12 years of age weighing more than 35 kg - 10 mg 3-4 times a day before meals. The maximum daily dosage is 2.4 mg/kg of the child's weight per day, but not more than 80 mg.

Overdose. There is no specific antidote. Symptoms of drug overdose include fatigue, lethargy, disorientation, and impaired motor function. In the treatment of extrapyramidal disorders, drugs for the treatment of shaking palsy and anticholinergics may be used. Overdose therapy involves gastric lavage, administration of sorbents, and symptomatic therapy with maintenance of vital functions.

Interactions with other drugs. The therapeutic activity of Motilium is reduced by macrolide antibiotics, antifungal drugs, HIV protease inhibitors, calcium antagonists. Concomitant use with antacids and antisecretory agents is not recommended. Concurrent use of Motilium is possible with neuroleptics and dopamine receptor antagonists.

Storage conditions. Temperature 15-30 °C. Place - dark, dry, inaccessible to children.

Lingual tablets have a shelf life of 3 years, coated tablets – 5 years.

Anti-nausea tablets for poisoning

Poisoning with food products or toxic compounds is often accompanied by obsessive nausea and painful vomiting. To relieve these conditions, drugs are used that affect the vomiting center located in the brain. One of the successfully used anti-nausea drugs is metoclopramide.

Metoclopramide

The drug has a blocking effect on dopamine and serotonin receptors. It has an antiemetic effect, affects the activation of gastrointestinal functions (increases tone and peristalsis), and has a calming effect on hiccups. The active ingredient is metoclopramide.

Pharmacodynamics. Antagonist of dopamine and serotonin receptors. Enhances peristalsis of the upper digestive tract and normalizes its motor activity; has a relaxing effect on the sphincter of the duodenum, normalizes bile secretion, eliminates gallbladder dyskinesia.

Pharmacokinetics. After oral administration, it is absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract. Within 1-2 hours after administration, it reaches its maximum values. It binds to plasma proteins (30%). It passes the BBB and penetrates into breast milk. It is metabolized by the liver. It is eliminated by the kidneys. It can be prescribed during gestation.

Contraindications for use. Hypersensitivity to the drug, internal bleeding, intestinal obstruction, convulsive readiness, shaking palsy, malignant tumors of the mammary gland, first trimester of pregnancy, children under 2 years of age. Limited use in cases of high blood pressure, bronchial asthma, renal and/or hepatic insufficiency, and old age.

Side effects depend on the dosage and duration of use of the drug: lethargy, drowsiness, weakness, movement disorders (nervous tics of facial muscles, opisthotonus, muscle hypertonus, etc.); hypo- or hypertension, tachycardia or bradycardia; dry mouth, bowel movements; urticaria; urinary incontinence, galactorrhea, agranulocytosis, etc.

The drug is generally well tolerated by patients. Possible disorders of motor coordination, hand tremors, lethargy, tinnitus, dry mouth. Prescribe the drug during puberty with caution, due to the occurrence of pronounced side effects from the cardiovascular system.

Method of administration and dosage. The standard dosage for adults is 1 tablet (10 mg) three times a day before meals. The maximum single dose is 20 mg. Daily dose is 60 mg. Swallow the tablets without chewing and drink plenty of water.

Overdose is characterized by the appearance of characteristic symptoms - confusion, drowsiness, movement disorders. Therapy for overdose is reduced to stopping the drug. Symptoms disappear within 24 hours after the last dose.

Interactions with other drugs. Simultaneous administration with neuroleptic drugs increases the possibility of developing movement disorders. Simultaneous administration of levodopa reduces the activity of metoclopramide. Parallel use of metoclopramide and drugs that cause CNS depression increases the sedative effect. Accelerates the absorption of mexiletine, paracetamol, tetracycline. The use of opium-containing drugs and metoclopramide leads to blocking the effect on gastrointestinal motility. Metoclopramide worsens the absorption of cimetidine.

Storage conditions – do not expose to sunlight. Shelf life – 3 years.

Tablets for poisoning and diarrhea

Food poisoning caused by eating poor quality food products is accompanied by symptoms of nausea, vomiting, fever and diarrhea.

Poisoning caused by rapid growth and release of toxins by pathological microflora requires specific therapy. In intestinal infections, treatment is selected depending on the pathogen. Often, therapy is supplemented with antibiotics or other drugs that have a bacteriostatic effect. All medications are prescribed by a doctor. Tablets for poisoning and diarrhea, such as chloramphenicol, tetracycline, furazolidone, can be used.

Levomycetin

A broad-spectrum antibiotic used in the treatment of infectious diseases. The active ingredient chloramphenicol has an effect on gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.

Pharmacodynamics. The active substance has a bacteriostatic effect. Stops the growth of bacteria by disrupting the synthesis of proteins inside microorganisms. In high concentrations, it has a bactericidal effect.

Pharmacokinetics. After oral administration, it is absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract and easily enters the systemic bloodstream. Bioavailability is 80%. Binds to plasma proteins (50-60%). It is broken down by the liver. It is mainly excreted by the kidneys.

Use of poisoning tablets during pregnancy. The drug easily penetrates the placenta, into breast milk. The drug is not prescribed to pregnant women and is contraindicated during lactation.

Contraindications for use. Hematopoiesis disorders, acute and chronic liver damage, dermatological diseases (scaly lichen, inflammation of the skin), pregnancy, lactation period, children under 28 days, hypersensitivity to the ingredients of the drug.

Side effects: leukopenia, decreased platelet and/or leukocyte levels, aplastic anemia; nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, excessive gas accumulation in the intestines; neuritis, headache, depression, hallucinations; rashes, urticaria, Quincke's edema.

Method of administration and dosage of tablets for poisoning. Adult patients - 500 mg 3-4 times a day. Maximum single doses for children under 3 years old are prescribed at the rate of 15 mg/kg; for children 3-8 years old - 150-200 mg; over 8 years old - 200-400 mg. Reception 3-4 times a day. Therapy usually lasts 1-1.5 weeks.

Interactions with other drugs. When using levomycetin with butamide, chlorpropamide, their hypoglycemic effect may increase. This occurs due to the inhibition of their metabolism, increasing the concentration of drugs in the blood. In such cases, it is necessary to adjust the dose of hypoglycemic drugs. Levomycetin in combination with drugs that inhibit hematopoiesis in the bone marrow enhances their effect.

The combined use of penicillin, erythromycin, lincomycin with Levomycetin weakens the bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects. It is necessary to avoid the simultaneous use of several antibiotics.

Increases the accumulation of phenobarbital, phenytoin, and warfarin in blood plasma, slowing their clearance.

Storage conditions are standard - a dry, dark place with an air temperature of 30 °C. Shelf life is 5 years.

Tetracycline

A broad-spectrum tetracycline antibiotic. Available in coated tablets.

Pharmacodynamics. Tetracycline affects gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. In bacterial cells, it inhibits protein synthesis.

Pharmacokinetics. After oral administration, it is rapidly absorbed into the systemic bloodstream (66%). It enters the organs and tissues of the body. The exception is the BBB. It accumulates in bone tissue, liver, and tumor tissue. It is eliminated with feces and urine.

Use of poisoning pills during pregnancy. One of the contraindications to the use of tetracycline is pregnancy or lactation.

Contraindications for use. Hypersensitivity to the drug, mycoses of various localizations, liver and kidney dysfunction, periods associated with pregnancy and lactation, children under 8 years of age.

Side effects. The drug is well tolerated. Dyspeptic manifestations, toxic effects on the kidneys and liver, inflammation of the pancreas, vertigo, the appearance of pigment spots on the skin, intestinal dysbiosis, allergic reactions are possible.

Method of administration and dosage. It is used orally. Adult patients usually take 250-500 mg for four times a day. For children over 8 years of age, a single dose is calculated depending on body weight at 6.25-12.25 mg/kg. The time interval between taking the tablets is 6 hours. It is possible to use twice (every 12 hours) and a single dose is calculated at 12.5-25 mg/kg. The usual course of therapy is 5-7 days.

Interactions with other drugs. Do not use together with drugs containing metal ions. The effectiveness of Tetracycline is reduced when used simultaneously with barbituric acid derivatives, carbamazepine. Do not prescribe with penicillin antibiotics. Tetracycline increases the concentration of lithium, digoxin in the blood plasma, enhances the effect of anticoagulants. It is not recommended to wash down Tetracycline tablets with milk, as the absorption of the antibiotic is impaired.

Storage conditions. Refers to the drugs of list B. For storage, a dark, dry place with an air temperature of no more than 25 °C is required. Shelf life is 36 months.

Furazolidone

A broad-spectrum antibiotic of the nitrofuran group. It has bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects on gram-negative microorganisms (Escherichia, Shigella, Salmonella, Proteus). Gram-positive bacteria (streptococci, staphylococci) are less susceptible to Furazolidone.

Pharmacodynamics. Antibacterial and antiprotozoal drug. With increasing dosage, the bactericidal activity of the drug increases significantly. Resistance of pathogens to Furazolidone develops slowly. The drug activates phagocytosis and does not have a depressing effect on the immune system.

Pharmacokinetics. When taken orally, Furazolidone is quickly absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract and enters the bloodstream. It breaks down in the liver and can concentrate in the intestinal lumen, causing the death of pathogens causing intestinal infections. The antibiotic is not prone to accumulate in tissues. It overcomes the BBB and placental barrier and penetrates into breast milk. It is eliminated from the body by the kidneys with urine, giving it a brownish tint. In case of impaired renal excretory functions, the clearance of Furazolidone slows down, creating a slight accumulation of the drug in the blood due to slow excretion.

Contraindications for use:

• Severe chronic renal failure;
• Functional destructive liver lesions;
• Periods of pregnancy and lactation;
• Children under 1 year of age;
• Hypersensitivity to the ingredients of the drug and nitrofurans.

Side effects: nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite; urticaria, itching; hemolysis (eosinophilia, agranulocytosis).

Method of administration and dosage. Adult patients are prescribed 0.1-0.15 g of Furazolidone after meals 4 times a day. The course of treatment is 5-10 days. For children, the daily dose is calculated based on the child's weight - 10 mg / kg, divided into 3-4 doses. The drug is not prescribed for more than 10 days. The maximum single dose for adults is 0.2 g, daily - 0.8 g.

Overdose is manifested by the following symptoms: occurrence of acute toxic hepatitis, hematotoxicity, polyneuritis. Therapy is reduced to discontinuing the drug, gastric lavage, drinking plenty of fluids, symptomatic treatment.

Interactions with other drugs. Slows down the action of MAO. The effectiveness of Furazolidone is increased by aminoglycosides and tetracyclines.

Storage conditions and periods. In a dry, dark place with a temperature of 5 to 30 °C. Keep out of reach of children. If storage conditions are met, the shelf life is 36 months. Do not use the product after the expiration date.

Use poison pills during pregnancy

The body of a pregnant woman is very sensitive and susceptible to any negative effects of toxic compounds. Minimal amounts of harmful substances can cause serious consequences. Drinking alcohol and nicotine during pregnancy leads to severe damage to the fetus's brain and delays in the full development of the child after birth. Hair dyes and hairsprays, decorative cosmetics, and creams for facial and body care can have a negative effect on the fetus. The working conditions of the pregnant woman play an important role in the full bearing of the child. If a pregnant woman is exposed to toxic substances every day at work, then she should think about changing jobs.

During the gestation period, food products require special attention. They should be fresh and contain a full amount of fiber, minerals and vitamins. It is necessary to monitor the expiration dates of products included in the diet of a pregnant woman. A small amount of pathogenic bacteria and viruses that enter a woman's body during the period of bearing a child can cause serious food poisoning. Many toxins of intestinal infection pathogens easily overcome the placental barrier and have an extremely negative effect on the fetus. If the quality of food products causes the slightest doubt, then you should refuse to eat them and not endanger the health of the future child.

Treatment of food poisoning in pregnant women is complicated by the fact that many of the drugs used, entering the systemic bloodstream, penetrate the placenta and negatively affect the fetus. If you suspect an intestinal infection, you need to consult a specialist. To avoid the process of generalization of the infection in the body, you should seek help at the initial stages of the disease. To prevent food poisoning, you must refrain from eating food of dubious quality.

There are many tablets that alleviate the symptoms of poisoning. Sorbents reduce the toxic effects of poisonous compounds, agents that activate intestinal motility promote rapid evacuation of absorbed toxins, drugs that affect centers in the brain relieve painful vomiting, antibacterial agents destroy pathogens of acute intestinal infections. Thanks to modern pharmacology, it is possible to cope with toxic damage of any genesis.

The availability of a wide range of anti-poisoning tablets does not give the right to neglect the rules of personal hygiene and preventive measures to prevent the pathogen from entering the body.