Monural for cystitis

A popular antibiotic for the treatment of cystitis and urinary tract infections is Monural. Let's consider the features of its use, mechanism of action, analogues.

Cystitis or inflammation of the bladder mucosa is one of the most common diseases of the urinary system. It has several types and forms. Most often, patients are diagnosed with an infectious, bacterial form.

Features of the disease:

1. Due to the anatomical structure of the genitourinary system, women most often experience cystitis, while men experience it much less often.
2. Inflammation develops due to a violation of the vaginal microflora, a previous infection, due to poor personal hygiene, endocrine pathologies, hypothermia, or as a complication of other diseases.
3. Without timely diagnosis and proper treatment, the pathology becomes chronic, manifesting itself in frequent relapses and increasing painful symptoms.

Very often, antimicrobial agents for systemic use are used for treatment. This pharmacological group includes Monural. It is a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent with the active component fosfomycin.

Fosfomycin is a derivative of phosphonic acid, a structural analogue of phosphoenol pyruvate. It exhibits bactericidal action against the following microorganisms:

• Gram-positive bacteria: Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus spp., Staphylococcus saprophyticus.
• Gram-negative bacteria: Citrobacter spp., Еsherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp., Pseudomonas spp., Proteus mirabilis, Morganella morganii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia spp.

The active component of monural inhibits the first stage of synthesis of membranes of microbial walls, which leads to their death. The medicine is a prescription drug, so it is only available with a doctor's prescription.

Treatment of cystitis with monural

Treatment of bladder inflammation directly depends on the cause of the disease, its stage, and the nature of the course. The main goal of therapy is to destroy pathogens. Rational and justified use of antibiotics allows you to completely cure the chronic form of the disease in 1-2 weeks, and relieve acute symptoms in a couple of days.

When treating acute lower urinary tract infection, Monural is used once. One sachet of the drug is enough to relieve painful symptoms and defeat the infection.

The high efficiency of the drug is based on its pharmacological properties:

• Bactericidal and bacteriostatic effect against gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms.
• Rapid absorption after oral administration. Long half-life ensures high concentration of the drug in urine for 48-72 hours. Maximum concentration is observed 3-4 hours after taking a single dose of 3 g.
• Anti-adhesive action – 72 hours after a single dose of the drug, the concentration of fosfomycin in urine exceeds the suppressive concentration of pathogens by 16 times. Due to this, bacteria cannot penetrate the walls of the bladder and exert their pathogenic effect.
• The antibiotic creates high concentrations in urine and is 95% excreted unchanged in urine. The high efficiency of monural when taken once allows preventing the emergence of resistant forms of bacteria.

Monural for cystitis is a first-line drug for the treatment of acute inflammation. It is approved for use during pregnancy and lactation, as well as for the prevention of infectious complications after diagnostic and surgical interventions on the genitourinary system.

Indications Monurala

Monural is indicated for use in the following cases:

• Acute form of bacterial cystitis.
• Recurrent bacterial cystitis.
• Non-specific bacterial urethritis.
• Massive asymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy.
• Urinary tract infections of bacterial etiology in the postoperative period and after diagnostic transurethral interventions.

The drug is approved for use by men, women and children over 12 years of age. The medicine should be taken as prescribed by a doctor and after undergoing diagnostics to determine the pathogen.

Monural for hemorrhagic cystitis

One of the forms of bladder inflammation is hemorrhagic cystitis. The main symptom of the disease is the release of blood and blood clots during urination. The pathology develops due to the destruction of the bladder mucosa with high permeability of its blood vessels. In most cases, damage to the mucosa is associated with the action of pathogenic microorganisms or chemicals.

Treatment of this form of lower urinary tract disease begins with a full diagnosis. Then, the patient has a catheter inserted into the bladder, which ensures normal urine flow and prevents the formation of blood clots. At the next stage, the patient is prescribed antibacterial and antimicrobial agents.

Monural has gained wide popularity in the treatment of hemorrhagic cystitis. The drug has a strong effect on a wide range of infections. The drug is taken once. This dosage is quite enough to relieve acute symptoms and destroy bacteria. In addition to taking antibiotics, bed rest, plenty of fluids and a therapeutic diet are recommended to speed up recovery. In particularly severe cases, when there is severe blood loss, patients are prescribed hemostatic drugs.

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Monural for radiation cystitis

Radiation cystitis is a side effect of radiation therapy used to treat tumor lesions of the pelvic organs. According to medical statistics, about 20% of patients who have undergone radiation therapy experience radiation-induced bladder inflammation. The disease develops due to damage to the cells of the organ's mucous membrane. This causes ulcers and cracks to form, into which pathogenic microorganisms penetrate.

Monural has a broad spectrum of action, so it can be prescribed for radiation cystitis. The dosage of the drug and the duration of its use are determined by the attending physician. The effectiveness of antibacterial therapy is assessed 72 hours after the start of treatment.

Release form

Monural is available in the form of granules/powder for the preparation of an oral solution. The granules are white and have a tangerine aroma. Each sachet of the drug contains the following components: fosfomycin trometamol 3 g, sucrose, flavoring, saccharin. The antibiotic is available on prescription.

Powder

One of the forms of Monural is a powder for the preparation of a suspension for oral use. The powder is packaged in 8 g sachets, of which 3 g is the active component fosfomycin trometamol. For children over 12 years old, Monural is released in 2 g sachets, which are also taken once, diluted in 1/3 glass of warm water.

For adult patients, 1 sachet per day is prescribed. In acute cases, a single dose of the drug is sufficient. If the inflammation is chronic, the treatment is long-term and is adjusted by the attending physician. The drug is recommended to be taken a couple of hours before meals or 2-3 hours after, after emptying the bladder.

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Pills

Monural is available in two forms - powder and granules for the preparation of an oral solution. The drug is not available in tablet form. To combat acute inflammation in the bladder, a single dose of the antibiotic is indicated.

Granules

Another form of release of an antibacterial agent with a wide spectrum of antimicrobial action is granules for the preparation of a solution. The granules are white with a characteristic smell of tangerine flavoring. The drug is packaged in sachets with the active substance fosfomycin 3g. For children, 2 g sachets are produced.

The contents of the package are dissolved in 1/3 glass of water and taken once a day. If cystitis has just begun and is acute, then a single dose of the drug is sufficient. In other cases, a doctor's consultation is necessary.

Pharmacodynamics

The antibacterial agent has a broad spectrum of action against most strains of urinary tract infection pathogens. Monural is effective against gram-positive (Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus spp., Staphylococcus saprophyticus) and gram-negative (Citrobacter spp., Еsherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp., Pseudomonas spp., Proteus mirabilis, Morganella morganii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia spp.) microorganisms.

The active substance affects strains resistant to other antibacterial drugs. It has an anti-adhesive effect on bacteria, preventing their adhesion to the epithelium of the urinary tract.

How does monural work for cystitis?

The antibacterial drug has bactericidal properties. It is active against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. Its mechanism of action is based on inhibition of the first stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis. The active component of monural is a structural analogue of phosphoenol pyruvate, enters into competitive interaction with the enzyme N-acetyl-glucosamine-3-o-enolpyruvyl-transferase.

This results in selective and irreversible suppression of this enzyme. This ensures the absence of cross-resistance with other antibiotics. The active substance reduces the adhesion of pathogenic microorganisms to the epithelium of the urinary tract.

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How long does it take for cystitis to go away when treated with Monural?

After oral administration, the active components of monural penetrate the gastrointestinal tract, creating high concentrations in the renal tissue and urine. Fosfomycin begins to fight pathogenic microflora two hours after administration and maintains its activity for 72 hours.

With a single use of the drug, its bioavailability is 35-65%. The standard dosage of 3 g of fosfomycin provides the highest degree of bactericidal activity against urinary tract infections. Monural prevents the growth of microbes and is completely excreted from the body along with urine.

Based on this, it is possible to completely get rid of the symptoms of acute cystitis in less than 80 hours. Chronic and recurrent forms of the disease require prolonged therapy.

Pharmacokinetics

After oral administration, fosfomycin is rapidly absorbed from the intestine. The maximum plasma concentration is observed after 2.5-3 hours. The half-life is 2 hours. Due to glomerular filtration, about 90% of the drug components are excreted by the kidneys unchanged and biologically active. The remaining 10% are excreted with feces.

Fosfomycin accumulates in the renal tissue. With the help of enterohepatic circulation, the drug maintains the active level of the active component for 48-72 hours. During this period, urine sterilization and etiological recovery occur.

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Dosing and administration

Monural is intended for oral use. To prepare a solution, the contents of the sachet are dissolved in 1/3 glass of warm water and taken once a day, 1-2 hours after the last meal and emptying of the bladder.

Adult patients are prescribed 3 g once, treatment duration is 1 day. In case of recurrent bacterial infections, repeated administration of the drug is possible.

If the medicine is used for preventive purposes before surgical or diagnostic manipulations, the medicine is taken 3 hours before the planned procedure. Repeated administration is carried out after 24 hours. The dosage for children is determined by the attending physician.

If the bladder inflammation is acute, then a single dose of Monural is enough to relieve its painful symptoms and destroy pathogenic flora. 1 sachet of the antibacterial agent will quickly cope with the infection and speed up the recovery process.

How to take Monural correctly for chronic cystitis?

At the first signs of exacerbation of cystitis, it is necessary to take Monural. Timely therapy will prevent further development of chronic inflammation. The medicine is taken once - 1 sachet per 1/3 glass of water.

Once the painful condition has normalized, you should undergo tests for chronic infections and consult with your doctor regarding recurrence of cystitis and methods of preventing it.

How to take monural for acute cystitis?

Since the antibacterial agent is available in the form of granules and powder for solution, Monural is used only orally. The contents of the bag with granules/powder are diluted in 1/3 glass of warm water and taken orally. The medicine should be taken a couple of hours before or after meals, and the bladder should also be emptied before therapy.

How quickly does monural help with cystitis?

The therapeutic effect of monural in urinary tract infections develops within 60 minutes and lasts for more than 72 hours. If cystitis occurs in an acute form with pronounced painful symptoms, then within 24 hours after taking the medicine, the patient will feel significant relief. After 72 hours, the bacteria will leave the body naturally with urine.

How many times to drink?

In acute inflammatory process in the urinary bladder in adults and children over 12 years of age, a single dose of monural is indicated. The antibiotic begins to act within two hours after application, creating high concentrations in the renal tissue and urine. The increased level of fosfomycin persists for more than 72 hours, which allows the infection to be completely overcome.

If the disease is chronic with frequent relapses, the duration of therapy and dosage of the antimicrobial agent is determined by the attending physician, individually for each patient.

How many days to take?

The duration of treatment with Monural depends on the type of cystitis, the nature of its course and stage. If the disease is acute without any complications, the drug is taken once. Monural is a potent antibiotic, so even 1 day of therapy can eliminate the infection.

In complicated, chronic and recurrent forms of inflammation, complex treatment is carried out with simultaneous administration of drugs of different pharmacological groups. In this case, all dosages and duration of therapy are adjusted only by the attending physician.

Monural for the prevention of cystitis

An antibacterial agent with a broad spectrum of antimicrobial action is used for both therapeutic and prophylactic purposes. If symptoms of exacerbation of cystitis appear, then a single dose of monural is indicated. This helps prevent further development of the disease.

The drug is also used to prevent bacterial infections of the urinary system before and after surgical interventions and transurethral diagnostic procedures.

Monural is taken once 3 hours before the planned surgery with a repeat dose after 24 hours. For patients with renal failure, an increase in the interval between drug administration or a decrease in its dosage is indicated.

Monural for cystitis in women

One of the most common diseases among women is cystitis. It provokes frequent urges to go to the toilet, pain and burning during urination, and can also cause complications. The prevalence of bladder inflammation among women is explained by the structural features of their urethra. In women, it is wider and shorter than in men. Because of this, it is much easier for bacterial pathogens to penetrate the bladder.

In most cases, drug therapy is used to treat the disease. Before prescribing medications, laboratory diagnostics are indicated to determine the type of bacteria and its sensitivity to antibiotics.

One of the most effective drugs for cystitis in women is Monural. The antibacterial and antimicrobial agent is prescribed if the inflammation is caused by gram-negative or gram-positive microorganisms. The contents of the sachet with the drug are dissolved in 1/3 glass of water and taken once. If cystitis is chronic, then prolonged therapy is indicated.

Monural for children with cystitis

The antibacterial agent is approved for use in the treatment of acute uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections in children over 12 years of age. As for younger patients, Monural is not recommended, since there is no data on the safety of the drug for children.

Use Monurala during pregnancy

To date, no adequate studies have been conducted on the safety of using Monural for treatment during pregnancy. The drug can be used when the expected effect for the mother is higher than the potential risks to the fetus.

Monural should be prescribed only by the attending physician, taking into account the possible teratogenic risk. The active substance of the antibiotic penetrates the placental barrier and is excreted in breast milk. If therapy is necessary during lactation, breastfeeding is stopped.

Contraindications

Monural, like any antibacterial agent, has a number of contraindications for use:

• Allergic reactions to fosfomycin and other components of the drug.
• Severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance <10 ml/min).
• Undergoing hemodialysis.
• Patients under 12 years of age.

The drug should be used with special caution during pregnancy and lactation, taking into account all possible risks for both the woman and the child.

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Side effects Monurala

A single dose of fosfomycin may cause the following side effects:

• Gastrointestinal disorders, diarrhea.
• Vulvovaginitis.
• Headaches and dizziness.
• Paresthesia.
• Tachycardia.
• Abdominal pain.
• Various allergic reactions, itching and rashes.
• Increased fatigue.

Symptomatic therapy is indicated for treatment. In particularly severe cases, it is necessary to seek medical help.

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Overdose

If the dosage or duration of treatment prescribed by the doctor is not followed, Monural may cause the following overdose symptoms:

• Vestibular disorders.
• Hearing loss.
• Decreased taste perception.
• Metallic taste in the mouth.

Symptomatic and supportive therapy is indicated for treatment. Forced diuresis is performed if necessary.

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Interactions with other drugs

For successful treatment of cystitis, the doctor draws up a treatment plan that includes several drugs. In doing so, the doctor takes into account the possibility of their interaction.

Thus, Monural is not recommended to be combined with metoclopramide, since this leads to a decrease in the concentration of fosfomycin (the active substance of monural) in the blood plasma and urine. This is observed when used simultaneously with drugs that increase gastrointestinal motility.

Simultaneous intake of food significantly slows down the absorption of the drug, so it is recommended to take it on an empty stomach or 2-3 hours after eating. Particular caution should be exercised by patients with diabetes mellitus, fructose intolerance, glucose-galactose and sucrose-isomaltase deficiency, since a single dose of monural contains 2.213 g of sucrose.

Monural and canephron for cystitis

Very often, with cystitis, patients are prescribed several drugs from different pharmacological groups at the same time. Such therapy allows for a comprehensive impact on the painful condition. One of the most effective drug combinations for cystitis is monural and kanefron.

Canephron is a medicinal product with anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic properties. It is used in urology and contains active components of plant origin. The composition of the medicine includes: centaury herb, lovage root, rosemary leaves and auxiliary substances. The interaction of plant components reduces the intensity of the inflammatory process, relieves spasms from the urinary tract, and has a diuretic effect.

• Indications for use: acute and chronic forms of infectious diseases of the kidneys and bladder. Pyelonephritis, cystitis, glomerulonephritis, interstitial cystitis, condition after removal of urinary stones.
• Method of administration: orally, 2 capsules 2-3 times a day. The duration of therapy is determined by the attending physician, individually for each patient.
• Side effects: skin allergic reactions and hyperemia of the skin, nausea, vomiting, bowel disorders. In rare cases, blood in the urine, urination disorders and acute urinary retention are possible.
• Contraindications: intolerance to the components of the drug, peptic ulcer in the period of relapse, cardiac and renal failure, children under 12 years. With special caution it is prescribed for patients with impaired renal function. Use during pregnancy and lactation is possible only on doctor's prescription.
• Overdose: in most cases, the drug is well tolerated and does not cause overdose symptoms. In rare cases, signs of intoxication are observed. Symptomatic therapy is used for treatment.

Release form: film-coated tablets, 20 pieces per blister, 3 blisters per package.

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Monural and phytolysin together

In complex treatment of advanced forms of cystitis, patients are prescribed several drugs at the same time. One of such combinations is Monural and Fitolizin together.

Phytolysin has anti-inflammatory, diuretic, analgesic and bacteriostatic properties. It helps loosen and remove urinary stones. The medicine contains an extract of a dried mixture of plant materials: wheatgrass rhizomes, onion peel, fenugreek seeds, parsley roots, goldenrod herb, horsetail and knotweed herb, lovage roots.

• Indications for use: infectious and inflammatory diseases of the urinary system. Treatment and prevention of urolithiasis, including after surgical removal of stones.
• Directions for use: dissolve a teaspoon of the paste in ½ glass of warm sweet water and take 3-4 times a day after meals. The course of treatment depends on the severity of the disease and ranges from 2 to 6 weeks.
• Contraindications: intolerance to the components of the drug, increased blood clotting, urinary tract obstruction, nephritis, phosphate lithiasis, nephrosis. Do not use in renal or cardiac failure and other conditions in which reduced fluid intake is indicated. Use of the drug during pregnancy and lactation is possible only on doctor's prescription. Prohibited for children under 18 years of age. Overdose has similar signs, treatment is symptomatic.
• Side effects: gastrointestinal disorders, flatulence, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, renal colic, headaches and dizziness, allergic reactions, photosensitivity.

Release form: 100 g paste for the preparation of a suspension for oral use. The paste has a soft consistency, dark green color and a rather specific smell.

Storage conditions

Monural should be stored in the original packaging, protected from sunlight, moisture and out of reach of children. The optimal storage temperature is no higher than 25°C. If these conditions are violated, there is a risk of premature deterioration of the medicine.

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Shelf life

The antibacterial agent should be used within 36 months from the date of its production. Opened sachets with monural can be stored for no more than 24 hours. After the expiration date, the drug is contraindicated for use for medicinal purposes.

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Reviews

Today, in order to learn more about the effectiveness of a selected drug, its mechanism of action and side effects, it is enough to read reviews about it on the Internet.

Monural for cystitis has many positive reviews. Many women note that this is the only effective drug that helps quickly cope with bacteria in the bladder during pregnancy and lactation. The antibiotic is active against a wide range of pathogens, has a minimum of contraindications and side effects.

But it is better to take Monural after consulting with your doctor and taking tests for pathogenic flora. This will allow you to draw up the correct treatment plan and, if necessary, prescribe additional medications.