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Fungicidal ointment from the fungus is a special medicinal product of local use, used in the therapy of mycoses - superficial skin lesions with pathogenic fungi-dermatophytes, molds and yeast fungi.
The purpose of using such ointments is to neutralize and destroy fungi, which occupy the fourth place in the prevalence of caused human diseases.
Indications of the ointments from a fungus
Medical indications for the use of ointments from the fungus cover almost the entire spectrum of non-systemic (external) fungal pathologies developing as a result of the fungus infection of Microsporum, Trichophyton, Epidermophyton, Malassezia, Exophiala, Pityrosporum, Scytalidium, Onychocola, Aspergillus, Candida, Fusarium and others. Species).
To such diseases mycologists include:
- dermatomycosis of different localization (rubrophytic, epidermophytic feet, inguinal epidermophytic);
- Microsporia caused by Microsporum spp. (ringworm);
- dermatophytosis of the scalp (trichosporia, trichophytosis, favus);
- onychomycosis (damage to the nail plates) and paronychia (cuticle damage);
- superficial candidiasis;
- multicolored, pitybearing and shingles.
An effective ointment is needed from the fungus and with pseudomycosis (erythrasis, axillary trichomycosis, etc.).
See also - Pathogens of superficial mycoses
Release form
The following names of ointments from the fungus are divided into subgroups - according to their main purpose for the treatment of specific fungal pathologies. Synonyms of preparations with the same active substance, but produced under other trade names are indicated in parentheses.
Ointments from the fungus for the treatment of dermatomycosis, microsporia, skin candidiasis:
- ointment Terbinafine (Terbifin, Terbinox, Thermicon, Lamikan, Lamizil, Lamizilil, Medofloran, Mikoterbin, Exifin, Fungoterbine);
- ointment Nizoral (Ketoconazole, Ketodin, Mikosept, Mycosoril, Fungoral, etc.);
- ointment Clotrimazole (Clotrimapharm, Candida ointment, Kanesten, Kanison, Clomazole, Clotriran, Vikaderm, Lotrimin, Mycosporin, Fungicid, etc.).
Analogues of ointments from the fungus Terbinafine, Nizoral and Klotrimazol - preparations of Kanespor (Bifonazol, Bifosin, Bifunal, Mycospor); Miconazole (Miconazole Hexal, Mycisone, Dactarine); Mifungar (Oxiconazole).
Also, with dermatophytosis of different localization and yeast fungal diseases, inexpensive ointment from Undecin fungi (Tsinkundan, Mikoseptin) can be used.
Sulfur ointment is recognized today as a very effective ointment from the fungus causing favus, as well as Malassezia furfur, which is the causative agent of seborrheic dermatitis.
The main names of ointments from the fungus used in the treatment of onychomycosis: Exoderyl (Naphthyfin), Clotrimazole, Mifungar, Miconazole, Lamisil (Terbinafine and other synonyms). It is recommended from the nail fungus and Kneospore ointment, which has a convenient form of release in the form of a set consisting of ointment with the addition of urea (to soften the affected nail plates), patches and scraper (to clean the nail bed from softened keratin).
In addition, for the treatment of onychomycosis, you can use an antifungal nail polish Loceril or a solution of Loceril (containing antimycotic amorolfin), as well as another special kit for removing the affected horny plates of nails - Mikozan.
Read also - Ointments and creams from the fungus on the nails
Recommended dermatologists ointments for the prevention of fungus (especially with reduced immunity) - Mifungar and Miconazole, which should not be used for longer than 4-5 months.
Those who want to protect themselves from the epidermophytosis of the feet can be helped by the foot care product Mugkosept, often figuring as ointment from the fungus 911. This gel contains a bactericidal phenolic substance of triclosan, drying the skin of zinc, as well as a set of essential oils (eucalyptus, juniper, tea tree, lavender and sage). Antiseptic means against excessive sweating of the feet is Teimurov's ointment (Teymurova paste). Well, the so-called Norwegian ointment is, obviously, a French cream for softening the skin on the heels and calluses on the sole Neutrogena Norvegienne® Formule (Norwegian formula).
Balsams from joint pain that are often called "green ointment" and "blue ointment" (in terms of the color of the ointment base), produced in Thailand, have nothing in common with ointments from the fungus. Perhaps this was the abovementioned ointment from the Undecin fungus, which contains undecylenic acid and gives the medium a bluish-green color of copper undecylenate.
Chinese ointments from the fungus: Au Kah Chuen Fugical Cream (PN Phramaceutical) and Hua Tuo Xian Gao Antifungal Ointment (Song Hua Pharmaceutical). The first means, according to the instructions, can be used for mycosis and ringworm, removing itching and inflammation due to the content of zinc oxide and diphenhydramine chloride (diphenhydramine) in the ointment. The second ointment is for the treatment of mycosis, scabies and eczema. In its composition: clotrimazole, salicylic acid, camphor, the ecstasy of the plant Chimonanthus praecox and the oil of Simmonsdia schinensis (jojoba).
Additional means for treating the fungus are:
- salicylic ointment (used for acne, oily seborrhea, eczema), which can be used to soften keratinization or remove the scab at the site of festering fungal infection;
- zinc ointment (it is a disinfectant and an astringent, that is, a drying agent);
- ointment of Yam (salicylic acid + zinc oxide).
In the case of complications of fungal disease, bacterial infections are associated with such drugs as: Triderm, tetracycline ointment, antibacterial ointment Levomecol. When the body is infected with the fungus Sporothrix schenckii (sporotrichosis) - if the subcutaneous nodes become inflamed with the formation of pus - you may need ichthyol ointment or Vishnevsky ointment, and after removal of the purulent exudate - a well healing propolis ointment.
Do not use antifungal drugs borazoline or boric ointment (antiseptic against pediculosis), as well as Stellanin ointment (designed to treat purulent wounds and abscesses, as well as abrasions, cuts and other skin lesions).
Based on the recommendations of dermatologists and the effectiveness of therapeutic effects, the rating of ointments from the fungus is topped by antimycotics Clotrimazole, Ketoconazole (Nizoral), Bifonazole, Miconazole, Terbinafine and Mifungar.
Pharmacodynamics
Pharmacodynamics of many ointments from fungi, despite various active pharmaceutical ingredients, is identical.
Thus, Clotrimazole and Candid ointment (clotrimazole), Kanespor (bifonazole), Nizoral (ketoconazole), Miconazole (miconazole nitrate) belong to the group of imidazole antimycotics. They disrupt the cell membranes of fungi, blocking the synthesis of ergosterol, triglycerides and phospholipids, necessary for the formation of the walls of fungal cells. That is, mushrooms can not reproduce and die.
The mechanism of action of the active component of the terbinafine ointment (Terbinox, Thermicon, Lamisil, Fungoterbin, etc.) - terbinafine hydrochloride, as well as the main substance of Exoderyl-naphthyfine hydrochloride ointment, which are synthetic antimycotics of the allylamines group. The same principle applies to the fungus and the component of the azole group oxyconazole, which is part of the Mifungar ointment.
The antifungal effect of Triderm ointment provides clotrimazole; The antibiotic gentamicin, which is present in the preparation, fights bacterial infection, and the GCS of betamethasone removes inflammation and reduces itching of the skin.
Pharmacokinetics
As a rule, in the instructions for external drugs pharmacokinetics of drugs are either not explained, or data on the mechanism of uptake and elimination of substances in oral variants of the drug are given.
Terbinafine, contained in the ointments Terbinox, Lamizil, etc., diffuses into the skin and acts in the stratum corneum, the bloodstream enters a minimal volume (no more than 5-6%) and is excreted through the kidneys during the day. So the systemic effect of the drug is hardly possible.
In the same way, naphthyfine hydrochloride, the active ingredient of Exoderyl ointment, behaves in the same way, but it is excreted twice longer (the half-life lasts up to 48-72 hours).
Describing the pharmacokinetics of the ointment from the fungus Nizoral, the producers note that ketoconazole does not penetrate the systemic bloodstream.
In the instructions to the rest of the drugs mentioned in the review, the question of their adsorption and biotransformation is not covered.
Use of the ointments from a fungus during pregnancy
Despite the fact that the ointment from the fungus is applied topically, not all preparations of this pharmacological group can be used during pregnancy.
There is no information on the possibility of using Triderm, Miconazole and Undecin for pregnant women.
Ointment Mifungar is prohibited during pregnancy and lactation. Clotrimazole, Terbinafine and Kanespor ointments are not used during the first trimester of pregnancy, and the decision on the need for their use at a later date is taken by the attending physician, who must take into account the possibility of risk to the fetus.
The same principles of the use of ointments from the fungus during pregnancy apply to the drugs Exoderyl and Nizoral.
Contraindications
Virtually any ointment from the fungus has certain contraindications to the use.
Ointments Terbinafine, Clotrimazole, Miconazole, Mifungar and Kanospore do not apply if individual hypersensitivity to the substances of these drugs is detected (including ancillary).
Terbinafine is contraindicated in the treatment of fungus in children younger than two years, and Minungar - younger than six years;
Triderm is not used for skin tuberculosis, syphilis, rubella, chicken pox;
Miconazole and Nizoral are not recommended for problems with the liver;
Exodermil and Kanospore are contraindicated for children and if there is skin damage in the areas of ointment application;
Any inflammatory processes on the skin are an absolute contraindication to the use of ointments based on undecylenic acid (Undecin, Tsinkundan, Mikoseptin).
Side effects of the ointments from a fungus
The ointments applied to the skin of the skin from the fungus do not have systemic side effects, but such undesirable dermatological effects are possible:
Terbinafine - rashes on the skin, redness, swelling of the subcutaneous tissue, necrosis of epidermal cells.
Clotrimazole, Miconazole, Exodermil, Nizoral and Undecin - local skin irritation accompanied by hyperemia and itching.
Mifungar, Kanespor - allergic dermatitis, soreness in application fields, inflammation of hair follicles, the appearance of cracks and moss.
Triderm - local irritation with itching, drying of the treated skin areas, increased growth of hairs on the body, the appearance of discolored spots.
Dosing and administration
Ointment from the fungus should be applied a thin layer on dry clean skin (or nails):
Terbinafine, Miconazole, Nizoral - 1-2 times a day (morning and evening), the treatment can take up to one and a half months with the daily application of ointments.
Clotrimazole - 2-3 times a day (with subsequent rubbing), duration of application - more than a month;
Triderm - twice a day, for 15-30 days;
Mifungar, Exoderyl - once during the day, the course of treatment ranges from two to four weeks, but can last up to two months; in the case of onychomycosis, soften and remove the affected nail plates, Kanespor and Mikozan kits will help.
Ointments Undecine, Tsinkundan and Mikospor should be applied daily for three weeks - once a day.
As noted by manufacturers of these ointments, their overdose in practice has not been identified.
Interactions with other drugs
Interactions of ointments from the fungus Terbinafine, Triderm, Exoderyl, Miconazole and Nizoral have not been identified, Mifungar Undecin ointments have not been studied.
Simultaneous application of ointments with clotrimazole and ointments based on polyenic antimycotics (Nystatin and others) reduces the effectiveness of the latter.
Recipes for ointment from fungus
For those who prefer to be treated with home remedies, we will recite ointment recipes from the fungus. The most commonly used is the so-called acetic ointment.
This is popular, but judging by the reviews, a not very effective ointment with vinegar and egg from the fungus is prepared from one raw chicken protein, a teaspoon of vinegar and a lot of vaseline or glycerin. As the acetic essence can cause a chemical burn of a skin, it is necessary to put such agent only on the amazed site of a skin (or a fingernail) and to do it very accurately.
Also there are such recipes of homemade ointment from the fungus:
- grated root ginger (tablespoon) + apple vinegar (tablespoon) + sesame oil (teaspoon).
- finely grated garlic (tablespoon) + 9% table vinegar (tablespoon) + cornstarch (1-1.5 teaspoons);
- zinc ointment (30 g) + fir oil (10-12 drops) + tea tree oil (15 drops).
Perhaps, to some people these remedies will help get rid of the fungus, but in the absence of effect, it is better to apply to pharmacy products and, on the recommendation of a doctor, purchase an ointment from the fungus (one of those that were named in this review).
It is important to know!
Attention!
To simplify the perception of information, this instruction for use of the drug "Effective ointments from fungus" translated and presented in a special form on the basis of the official instructions for medical use of the drug. Before use read the annotation that came directly to medicines.
Description provided for informational purposes and is not a guide to self-healing. The need for this drug, the purpose of the treatment regimen, methods and dose of the drug is determined solely by the attending physician. Self-medication is dangerous for your health.