Antibiotics for acute cystitis

An obligatory component of drug treatment of bladder inflammation is antibiotics. The need to use these drugs is due to the infectious nature of the disease. The choice of drug, its dosage and duration of therapy are determined by the attending physician after a laboratory test for the infectious agent and its sensitivity to antibacterial agents.

Modern antimicrobial agents allow you to quickly cope with the unpleasant symptoms of inflammation and destroy pathogenic microorganisms after the first use. For acute cystitis, the following antibiotics are used:

1. Negroes

An antimicrobial drug, a uroantiseptic from the pharmacological group of quinolones. Active against Shigella spp., Proteus spp., Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Klebsiella spp., and strains resistant to sulfonamides and antibacterial agents. Depending on the concentration of pathogens and their sensitivity to the drug, it exhibits a bacteriostatic or bactericidal effect. Stops the polymerization of bacterial DNA, stopping its synthesis.

• Indications for use: infectious and inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary system in acute and chronic form. The antibiotic is effective in cystitis, urethritis, urethral syndrome, pyelonephritis, inflammation of the prostate gland. It is prescribed for gastrointestinal infections, cholecystitis, and also for the prevention of infectious complications during surgical manipulations on the bladder, ureters, kidneys.
• Method of administration: orally 1 g every 6 hours for 5-7 days. Maintenance dose – 500 mg 3-4 times a day. Maximum daily dose – 4 g, in especially severe cases it can be increased to 6 g.
• Side effects: increased weakness, drowsiness, headaches, visual and color perception disorders, dysphoria. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, gastrointestinal bleeding, allergic reactions.
• Contraindications: hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, pregnancy and lactation, patients under 2 years of age, atherosclerosis of the cerebral vessels, renal/hepatic insufficiency, epilepsy, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency.
• Overdose: increased adverse reactions, convulsions, psychotic attacks, metabolic acidosis, confusion. Symptomatic therapy with gastric lavage with 3% sodium bicarbonate solution is indicated for treatment.

Release form: tablets for oral administration of 500 mg, 56 pieces per package.

2. Nitroxoline

It exhibits antibacterial action against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, some fungi. After oral administration, it is quickly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, excreted unchanged by the kidneys, creating high concentrations in the urine.

• Indications for use: inflammation of the bladder, pyelonephritis, urethritis, prostatitis and other urinary tract infections. Prevention of infectious complications after kidney and urinary tract surgeries. Diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to the drug.
• Method of administration: orally, during or after meals. The average daily dosage for adults is 400 mg, divided into 4 doses. If necessary, the dosage can be doubled. The duration of treatment depends on the severity of the disease, so it is individual for each patient.
• Side effects: dyspeptic disorders, allergic rashes. In patients with renal failure, the drug may accumulate in the body and urine may turn saffron-yellow. Overdose is manifested by increased side effects. There is no specific antidote, treatment is symptomatic.
• Contraindications: intolerance to 8-oxyquinoline derivatives.

Release form: enteric-coated tablets of 50 mg, 50 pieces per package.

3. Palin

An antibacterial agent used in the treatment of urological and gynecological diseases. Contains an active component from the quinolone series with pronounced bactericidal and bacteriostatic properties - pipemidic acid. Palin is active against gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms. Resistance to the drug develops slowly.

• Indications for use: urinary tract and bladder diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to the drug. Prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections. Complex therapy of vaginal infections.
• Method of administration: orally, regardless of food intake, with plenty of water. Adults are prescribed 400 mg 2 times a day. The duration of treatment depends on the severity of the disease, but usually does not exceed 10 days.
• Side effects: nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, heartburn, flatulence, pseudomembranous colitis. Also possible are disorders of the hematopoietic system and the central nervous system, allergic reactions, development of superinfection.
• Contraindications: intolerance to the components of the drug and drugs from the quinolone group. Pregnancy and lactation, patients under 15 years of age. With special caution it is prescribed for patients with epilepsy, a tendency to seizures, porphyria, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency.
• Overdose: headaches and dizziness, nausea, vomiting, tremors of the extremities, confusion, convulsions. There is no specific antidote, treatment is symptomatic, hemodialysis and diazepam are possible.

Release form: capsules for oral administration, 10 pieces per blister, 2 blisters per package.

4. Rulid

An antibacterial agent from the macrolide group with the active component roxithromycin. It has a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and low toxicity. It affects streptococci, staphylococci, listeria, meningococci, chlamydia, mycoplasma, ureaplasma and other pathogenic microorganisms.

• Indications for use: urinary and genitourinary system infections, staphylococcal infections, pneumonia, scarlet fever, sinusitis, tonsillitis, diphtheria, whooping cough, soft tissue infections. Urethritis, bronchitis, bacterial infections in COPD, vaginitis, dental infectious pathologies, genital infections.
• Method of administration: for patients weighing over 40 kg, the daily dose is 300 mg. In case of renal failure, take 150 mg once. Duration of treatment is 5 days or more. Tablets are taken orally, before meals, with plenty of water.
• Side effects: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, pain in the epigastric region, angioedema, formation of cross-resistance, headaches and dizziness, skin allergic reactions, bronchospasms, superinfection complications. Overdose is manifested by increased side effects. There is no specific antidote, treatment is symptomatic with gastric lavage.
• Contraindications: intolerance to the components of the drug, pregnancy and lactation.

Release form: tablets for oral administration, 10 pieces per package.

5. Suprax

An antibiotic from the group of cephalosporins of the third generation for parenteral use. It has a bactericidal effect and a broad spectrum of action against aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive, gram-negative microorganisms.

• Indications for use: uncomplicated urinary tract infections, gonococcal infection of the urethra and cervix, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, sinusitis, acute and chronic bronchitis, otitis media and other infectious and inflammatory diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to the drug.
• Method of administration: for adults and children over 12 years of age weighing more than 50 kg, the daily dosage is 400 mg, divided into two doses. The duration of treatment depends on the severity of the disease and is determined individually for each patient.
• Side effects: allergic reactions, renal dysfunction, interstitial nephritis, vaginitis, nausea, vomiting, stomatitis, leukopenia, hemolytic anemia, dizziness and headaches. Overdose has similar symptoms. Gastric lavage is indicated for treatment, hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis are ineffective.
• Contraindications: intolerance to the components of the drug, patients under 6 months of age, pregnancy and lactation. With special caution it is prescribed for elderly patients and in case of renal failure.

Release form: capsules for oral administration of 200 and 400 mg, 6 pieces per package. Granules for suspension and suspension for oral administration 60 ml.