List Anatomy – N
The external nose (nasus externus) consists of the root, back, apex and wings of the nose. The root of the nose (radix nasi) is located in the upper part of the face, separating from the forehead with a notch - a transference. The lateral sections of the external nose along the median line connects the dorsum of the nose (dorsum nasi), terminating at the front with the apex.
The cavity of the nose (cavum nasi) occupies a central position in the facial skull. The bony septum nasi osseum, consisting of a perpendicular plate of the latticed bone and the opener connected at the bottom with the nasal crest, divides the bony cavity of the nose into two halves.
Neuron is a morphologically and functionally independent unit. With the help of processes (axon and dendrites) it makes contacts with other neurons, forming reflex arcs - links from which the nervous system is built.
The wandering nerve (n. Vagus) innervates the membranes of the brain, the organs of the neck, the thoracic cavity, most of the organs of the abdomen. The fibers of the vagus nerve are impulses that slow heart rate, narrow the bronchi, increase peristalsis and relax the intestinal sphincters, increase the secretion of glands, etc.
Nervous tissue is the main structural element of the nervous system - the brain and spinal cord, nerves, nerve nodes (ganglia) and nerve endings. Nervous tissue consists of nerve cells (neurocytes, or neurons) and associated with them anatomically and functionally ancillary neuroglia cells.
The neck muscle of the neck (m. Splenius cervicis) begins on the spinous processes of III-IV thoracic vertebrae. It is attached to the posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of two or three upper cervical vertebrae.
Muscles and fasciae of the neck have a complex structure and topography, which is due to their unequal origin, different functions, relationships with the internal organs of the neck, blood vessels and nerves. Neck muscles are divided into separate groups according to their origin and topographic features (by neck areas).
The cavity of the nose (cavum nasi) is divided by the septum of the nose into the right and left halves. In front of the face, the nasal cavity opens with nostrils, behind it through the choana, it communicates with the nasopharynx.
The nasal bone (os nasale) is paired, participates in the formation of the ossicus of the nose. The upper edge of the nasal bone is connected with the nasal part of the frontal bone, the lateral margin - with the frontal process of the upper jaw.
The nail (unguis) is a horny plate, which is located in the connective tissue nail bed, from which the nail grows.