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Muscles (muscular system)

Deep neck muscles

The deep muscles of the neck are divided into lateral and medial (prevertebral) groups. The lateral group is represented by three scalene muscles. According to their location, the anterior, middle and posterior scalene muscles are distinguished.

Muscles attaching to the hyoid bone

There are muscles located above the hyoid bone - the suprahyoid muscles (mm. suprahyoidei), and muscles located below the hyoid bone - the infrahyoid muscles (mm.infrahyoidei).

Sternoclavicular-papillary muscle.

The sternocleidomastoid muscle (m. sternocleidomastoideus) is located under the subcutaneous muscle of the neck; when the head is turned to the side, its contour is indicated by a pronounced ridge on the anterolateral surface of the neck.

Subcutaneous muscle of the neck

The subcutaneous muscle of the neck (platysma) is thin, flat, and lies directly under the skin. It begins in the thoracic region below the clavicle on the superficial plate of the pectoral fascia, passes upward and medially, occupying almost the entire anterolateral region of the neck.

Neck muscles

The muscles and fascia of the neck have a complex structure and topography, which is due to their different origins, different functions, relationships with the internal organs of the neck, blood vessels and nerves. The muscles of the neck are divided into separate groups according to their origin and topographic features (by neck regions).

inguinal canal

The inguinal canal (canalis inguinalis) is an obliquely located slit-like space between the lower edges of the broad muscles, the transverse fascia and the inguinal ligament, in which the spermatic cord is located in men and the round ligament of the uterus in women.

The white line of the abdomen

The white line of the abdomen (linea alba) is a fibrous plate extending along the anterior midline from the xiphoid process to the pubic symphysis. The line is formed by the crossing fibers of the aponeuroses of the broad abdominal muscles (oblique and transverse) of the right and left sides.

The quadriceps lumborum muscle

The quadratus lumborum muscle (m. quadratus lumborum) is located lateral to the transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae. It originates on the iliac crest, the iliopsoas ligament, and the transverse processes of the lower lumbar vertebrae.

Pyramidal muscle

The pyramidal muscle (m. pyramidalis) has a triangular shape, is located in front of the lower part of the rectus abdominis muscle. The muscle begins at the pubic symphysis.

Abdominal rectus abdominis

The rectus abdominis muscle (m. rectus abdominis) is a flat, long, ribbon-shaped muscle located on the side of the midline. It is separated from the same muscle on the opposite side by the white line of the abdomen.

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