Muscles (muscular system)

Subclavian muscle

The subclavian muscle (m. subclavius) is small in size and occupies a slit-like space between the 1st rib and the clavicle. It begins on the cartilage of the 1st rib, runs laterally, and attaches to the lower surface of the acromial end of the clavicle.

Small pectoral muscle

The pectoralis minor muscle (m. pectoralis minor) is flat, triangular in shape, and is located directly behind the pectoralis major muscle. The muscle begins on the II-V ribs, near their anterior ends. Directed upward and laterally, it is attached by a short tendon to the coracoid process of the scapula.

Large pectoral muscle

The pectoralis major muscle (m. pectoralis major) is massive, fan-shaped, and occupies a significant part of the anterior wall of the chest cavity.

Chest muscles

The chest muscles are arranged in several layers. More superficial are those muscles that develop in connection with the formation of the upper limb. They connect the upper limb to the chest. These include the pectoralis major and the anterior serratus muscles.

The belt muscle of the neck

The splenius cervicis muscle (m. splenius cervicis) originates on the spinous processes of the III-IV thoracic vertebrae. It is attached to the posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the two or three upper cervical vertebrae.

The belt muscle of the head

The splenitis capitis muscle (m. splenitis capitis) is located in front of the upper part of the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles. It begins on the lower half of the nuchal ligament (below the level of the fourth cervical vertebra), on the spinous processes of the seventh cervical and the upper three to four thoracic vertebrae.

Upper and lower posterior dentate muscles

Two thin flat muscles are attached to the ribs - the upper and lower posterior serratus muscles.

The small and large rhomboid muscles

The small and large rhomboid muscles (mm. rhomboidei minor et major) often grow together and form one muscle. The small rhomboid muscle originates on the lower part of the nuchal ligament, the spinous processes of the 7th cervical and 1st thoracic vertebrae, and on the supraspinous ligament.

The muscle that lifts the scapula

The muscle that lifts the scapula (m. levator scapulae) begins with tendon bundles on the posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the upper three or four cervical vertebrae (between the attachment points of the middle scalene muscle - in front and the splenius muscle of the neck - in the back).

Broadest muscle of the back

The latissimus dorsi muscle (m. latissimus dorsi) is flat, triangular in shape, and occupies the lower half of the back on the corresponding side. The latissimus dorsi muscle lies superficially, with the exception of the upper edge, which is hidden under the lower part of the trapezius muscle.

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