Acute cystitis in women

According to medical statistics, in 80% of cases, infectious and inflammatory lesions of the genitourinary system are diagnosed in women. Such prevalence of the disease is associated with the anatomical features of the structure of the female urinary system.

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Causes acute cystitis in women

The short and wide urethra is in close proximity to the natural source of pathogenic microorganisms - the anus and vagina. Cystitis occurs due to the penetration of pathogenic flora into the urethra and urinary system.

Urological disease can be infectious and non-infectious. In the first case, it occurs due to opportunistic microflora: staphylococci, E. coli, streptococci, chlamydia, mycoplasma. Non-infectious causes include: hypothermia, weakened immune system, intestinal dysbacteriosis, vaginal dysbiosis, irritation or damage to the bladder mucosa.

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Risk factors

There are a number of factors that increase the risk of developing acute cystitis in women:

• Active sexual life and frequent change of sexual partners.
• Use of spermicidal contraceptives.
• Endocrine diseases.
• Hormonal disorders.
• Menopause period.
• Pregnancy and postpartum period.
• Kidney disease and other foci of infection in the body.

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Symptoms acute cystitis in women

Inflammation manifests itself as frequent and painful urination, discomfort in the lower abdomen, and the appearance of blood and pus in the urine. Read about other symptoms of acute cystitis in this article.

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Acute cystitis during pregnancy

Very often, frequent urge to urinate is one of the first signs of pregnancy. At the same time, cystitis is one of the most common diseases in expectant mothers. According to medical research, the painful condition occurs due to hormonal and physiological changes in the female body.

Symptoms:

• Frequent urge to go to the toilet with painful urination.
• Pain in the lower abdomen.
• Admixtures of blood and pus in urine.
• Elevated body temperature.
• Deterioration of general well-being.

To detect infectious and inflammatory pathology, blood and urine tests are performed for pathogenic microorganisms. Treatment is carried out by a urologist together with a gynecologist. The pregnant woman is prescribed herbal preparations that are safe for the unborn child, but destructive to viruses and bacteria.

If the painful condition is left without medical assistance, it can lead to kidney infection, premature and difficult labor, low birth weight, and other complications.

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Acute cystitis in a nursing mother

Inflammation of the bladder occurs quite often not only during pregnancy, but also in the postpartum period. Acute cystitis in a nursing mother may be associated with a decrease in the protective properties of the immune system and with infection of the urinary tract.

The main causes of postpartum cystitis include:

• Circulatory disorders in the pelvic organs.
• Birth injuries.
• Consequence of prevention of uterine bleeding during the labor process.
• Hypothermia.
• Complication after bladder catheterization.
• Infectious processes in the vagina.
• Poor hygiene.

Many women note that in the first days after childbirth, urination becomes less frequent. This is due to decreased sensitivity of nerve endings in the pelvic area. Therefore, an overfilled bladder in the early postpartum period can also be one of the factors of inflammation.

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Acute cystitis during menopause

Menopause is a period when the amount of female sex hormones, estrogens, decreases significantly. Because of this, the elasticity of the skin and mucous membranes decreases. The pathological process affects the walls of the bladder, causing the organ to become weaker, thinner and poorly supplied with blood.

The main causes of acute cystitis during menopause include:

• Weakened immune system.
• Infectious diseases.
• Sexually transmitted infections.
• Bladder stones.
• Inflammation of the kidneys and other organs of the genitourinary system.

In its symptoms, the disease is no different from inflammation in women of reproductive age. There is pain when going to the toilet and frequent urges to pee, urine changes color and smell, body temperature rises, there is discomfort in the lower abdomen and in the suprapubic area.

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Diagnostics acute cystitis in women

Urine and blood tests are performed for diagnostics. Instrumental examinations of the kidneys and bladder are also necessary. Treatment is prescribed based on the diagnostic results. Therapy begins with stopping the acute inflammatory process and destroying pathogenic flora. The woman is prescribed hormone replacement therapy to compensate for the estrogen deficiency, as well as vitamins and minerals to strengthen the body.

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Treatment acute cystitis in women

Treatment of acute cystitis depends on the causes of the disease and the type of acute cystitis. Broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs that destroy pathogenic flora are used for treatment. In most cases, the patient is prescribed herbal preparations that allow breastfeeding to continue. But if the disease is severe, lactation is stopped and the woman is prescribed a course of antibacterial therapy, effective painkillers and other medications.

Analgesics and antispasmodics are also indicated to alleviate pain and relax the smooth muscles of the affected organ.

Prevention

Particular attention is paid to preventive measures aimed at preventing relapses of the disease and general strengthening of the body.

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