Medical expert of the article
New publications
Preparations
Dalizol
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
All iLive content is medically reviewed or fact checked to ensure as much factual accuracy as possible.
We have strict sourcing guidelines and only link to reputable media sites, academic research institutions and, whenever possible, medically peer reviewed studies. Note that the numbers in parentheses ([1], [2], etc.) are clickable links to these studies.
If you feel that any of our content is inaccurate, out-of-date, or otherwise questionable, please select it and press Ctrl + Enter.
Dalizol refers to the drugs that are used to reduce or eliminate the toxic effects of antitumor therapy. The international name of the drug is calcium folinate.
Dalizol is effectively used to correct adverse reactions in chemotherapy, it is the main supplement in the treatment of methotrexate. The drug is prescribed as a counteraction to methotrexate to prevent toxic effects and adverse reactions.
Indications Dalizol
Dalizol is prescribed to reduce toxicity and counteract substances that weaken folic acid (methotrexate) during anticancer therapy.
Dalizol is also used as part of combination therapy to improve the quality of life of patients with progressive colorectal cancer.
Release form
Dalizol is available as a clear or light yellow solution, which is used for intravenous or intramuscular administration.
Pharmacodynamics
The active substance of Dalizol is calcium folinate, which is necessary for maintaining the body during anticancer therapy. Calcium folinate is used to reduce the toxic effect of chemotherapy. The greatest toxicity is methotrexate, which also reduces the level of folic acid in the body, which in turn leads to a severe form of megaloblastic anemia.
Calcium folinate is transported in the body along the same path as anticancer drugs and competes for cellular transport, stimulating the outflow of cytotoxic drugs.
Dalizol has a protective effect on cells that suffer during chemotherapy, helping to restore the source of various coenzymes of folic acid.
Often, the drug is used to enhance the toxic effect of 5-FU.
In addition, the drug is used to prevent and treat folate deficiency in cases where oral administration of folic acid does not bring the expected effect.
Dalizol is also used to treat megaloblastic anemia.
Pharmacokinetics
Bioavailability Dalizol after injection of the solution intramuscularly about the same as with intravenous injection. The half-life is about 35 minutes with an active L-form.
Active metabolites after injection are withdrawn after about six hours. About 90% of inactive metabolites are excreted in the urine, 8% - with feces.
Dosing and administration
The medication is used as an intravenous or intramuscular injection.
The course of treatment and dosage is prescribed by the attending physician, taking into account the age, severity of the disease, concomitant diseases, as well as the dosage and treatment regimen of cytotoxic drugs, in particular methotrexate.
The usual dosage is 15 mg, which is administered no later than 24 hours after the start of methotrexate therapy. The following doses of Dilizol are administered every six hours for 72 hours.
During therapy once a day, it is necessary to determine the level of serum creatinine and the level of methotrexate.
Use Dalizol during pregnancy
Use of dalizol for pregnant women is allowed only on the prescription of the doctor, in the case when the benefit of treatment for a woman exceeds the possible risks for the unborn child.
Data on whether calcium folate can penetrate into breast milk is not available, therefore, during treatment with Dalizol, it is recommended to stop breastfeeding.
Contraindications
Dalizol is contraindicated in case of increased susceptibility of the organism to any component of the drug, nor is the drug used for pernicious anemia or other types of anemia caused by a lack of vitamin B 12.
Side effects Dalizol
Dalizol during the treatment can provoke a malfunction of the immune system, in rare cases, there is anaphylactic shock, allergic reactions, sleep disturbances, excitability, depressive conditions (after treatment in large doses), digestive disorders, inflammation of the mucous membranes.
Therapy with Dalizol often causes nausea, vomiting, severe forms of diarrhea (death is not excluded).
[1]
Overdose
Medication in raised dohas can reduce the effect of chemotherapy with drugs that inhibit the action of folic acid in the body.
About the occurrence of any complications after treatment with Dalizol in large doses is not known.
Interactions with other drugs
Dalizol in combination with drugs that inhibit the action of folic acid to the body (perimetamine, cotrimoxazole) can reduce or completely neutralize the effect of the latter.
Dalizol can reduce the effect of antiepileptic drugs (phenobarbital, primidone, succinimide) and increase the frequency of epileptic seizures.
Combined treatment with Dalizol and 5-fluorouracil leads to an increase in the toxic effect of the latter.
Storage conditions
The medicine should be stored in a dry place, which does not penetrate sunlight, the storage temperature - 2-8 ° C. When freezing, the effectiveness of the drug is reduced.
Keep Dalizol away from children.
Shelf life
The medication is suitable for two years from the date of manufacture, do not use the drug after the expiration date or if the integrity of the ampoules with the solution is damaged.
Attention!
To simplify the perception of information, this instruction for use of the drug "Dalizol" translated and presented in a special form on the basis of the official instructions for medical use of the drug. Before use read the annotation that came directly to medicines.
Description provided for informational purposes and is not a guide to self-healing. The need for this drug, the purpose of the treatment regimen, methods and dose of the drug is determined solely by the attending physician. Self-medication is dangerous for your health.