Palin

Palin is part of the pharmacological group of antimicrobial agents - uroseptics, refers to first-generation quinolones, a derivative of naphthyridine. Other trade names for the drugs-synonyms: Pipemidin, Pipem, Pimadel, Pimidel, Pilamin, Pipelim, Urogenin, Uromidine, Uropimide, Septidron, and others.

Indications Palin

Palin is used in the treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases of the urinary tract, such as cystitis, urethritis, urethral syndrome, chronic pyelonephritis, inflammation of the prostate gland (prostatitis).

Palin can be used to prevent infection when performing instrumental urological and gynecological examinations, when installing catheters after surgery, etc.

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Release form

Product: capsules of 0.2 g.

Pharmacodynamics

Pharmacological action Palin - bactericidal and bacteriostatic - provides the active substance pipemidovaya acid (in the form of pipemidin trihydrate). When contaminated tissue enters pipemidic acid due to condensed pyridine rings and the elimination of the nitrile group penetrates through the bacterial cell membrane and their enzyme complex is blocked.

The inhibition of enzymes that regulate the replication of pathogenic microorganisms leads to the impossibility of synthesizing RNA and transferring genetic information from the matrix of the parent DNA molecule of the bacterium. As a result, the process of dividing bacteria ceases and they die.

Palin is effective against Gram-negative bacteria Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Serratia marcescensi, Haemophilus influenzae, Morganella morganii, Klebsiella sp., Citrobacter sp., Alcaligenes sp., Acinetobacter sp.

Bacteria Pseudomonas, Chlamydia, Mycobacterium, as well as Gram-positive bacteria are resistant to the action of this drug.

[2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8],

Pharmacokinetics

The palin is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and after 1-1,5 hours after administration reaches the maximum concentration in the body, and after 4-5 hours - in the urine. With proteins of blood plasma bind up to 30% of the active substance, the level of bioavailability of the drug does not exceed 60%.

The palin does not undergo transformation, up to 85% is excreted by the kidneys in unchanged form - with urine, the rest is excreted by the intestine.

[9], [10], [11]

Dosing and administration

The drug is taken orally, the tablets should be swallowed whole and washed down with a glass of water. Dosage and duration of treatment are determined by the attending physician. The standard dose is 0.4 g (two capsules) twice a day (with the same intervals of time between doses). Duration of application Palin - 10 days.

During treatment with this drug is recommended to increase the amount of fluid consumed.

[20], [21]

Use Palin during pregnancy

Use Palin during pregnancy and during lactation is contraindicated.

Contraindications

Contraindications for the use of the drug are the pathologies of the central nervous system, accompanied by involuntary muscle contractions (epilepsy, etc.); porphyrin disease; marked renal and hepatic dysfunction; children's age till 14 years.

[12], [13], [14], [15]

Side effects Palin

The use of Palin can be accompanied by side effects in the form of decreased appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain, skin rashes, skin ultraviolet, articular and headaches, anemia, thrombocytopenia, tremors, sleep disturbances. Possible angioedema and anaphylactic shock.

[16], [17], [18], [19]

Overdose

Palin causes a headache, dizziness, nausea and vomiting, tremors, convulsions. In case of an overdose, it is necessary to wash the stomach and take activated charcoal or another enterosorbent. If seizures occur, it is advisable to use anticonvulsants (diazepam).

Interactions with other drugs

The palin can not be combined with nitrofuran antibacterial agents (furazolidone, furazidine, nitrofuran, etc.); The use of a palin with other naphthyridine derivatives may increase the likelihood of seizures.

Antacids, preparations of bismuth, iron and zinc should be taken 4-6 hours before taking Palin, or 2 hours after taking it.

With the parallel intake of Palin and medicines such as cimetidine, warfarin and rifampicin, the effect of the latter on the body is intensified.

[22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27]

Storage conditions

Storage conditions Palin: in the dark place at room temperature.

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Shelf life

Shelf life of the drug is 5 years.