Kagocel

Kagocel refers to antimicrobial agents for systemic use, namely antiviral drugs. The name of the pharmacological group, which includes Kagocel, includes immunomodulators, so the drug has two active directions.

The drug is able to provide antiviral, antimicrobial, immunomodulating effects, stimulating the production of interferon, which is the main non-specific immune factor.

In addition, the drug stimulates the synthesis of alpha, beta and gamma interferons, whose action is aimed at inhibiting the production of RNA and proteins of the virus. In addition, direct and indirect activity of interferons against tumor cells is observed.

The therapeutic effect after the first administration of Kagocel is observed after 4 hours, after which a high level of interferons is held for up to 4-5 days. The medicine does not have a toxic effect on the body and does not accumulate in the tissues, provided that the recommended dosages are observed. 

Kagocel is a potent drug with an antiviral effect, stimulates the production of interferons and the activation of the immune system. In addition, the drug is considered an immunomodulator, which also has a harmful effect on the course of the disease.

[1], [2], [3]

Indications Kagocel

Based on the main therapeutic properties of the drug, you can identify the diseases in which the drug will be most effective.

So, the indications for the use of Kagocel implies its use in adults to prevent infection and treat the pathology of the viral origin nature. Most often, the drug is used for influenza infection and other respiratory pathologies of a viral origin.

In childhood (from 3 to 6 years old) Kagocel is allowed to be used only for medical purposes in case of viral diseases. In particular, the drug is effective in ARVI with manifestations of rhinitis or nasopharyngitis.

As for older children (from 6 years old), then they Kagocel can be used not only with a therapeutic direction, but also preventive. It is especially important to use the medicine in the winter, when the child's body is weakened and prone to frequent virus attacks, as well as when the flu epidemic approaches.

Indications for use Kagocel also include treatment in adults with herpes infection with frequent clinical manifestations in the form of rashes and general symptoms (fever, weakness, headache and aching joints). In addition, the drug is effective in combined infection in the presence of respiratory disease and the activity of the causative agent of herpes.

As an auxiliary drug, Kagocel is used in the treatment of urogenital chlamydiosis.

[4]

Release form

The main active ingredient of the drug is kagocel. Of the auxiliary components should be allocated potato starch, calcium stearate, Ludipres (lactose monohydrate, crospovidone, povidone).

The form of Kagocel is presented by a tablet preparation. Each tablet contains 12 mg kagocel, which allows you to strictly follow the dosage and avoid the occurrence of adverse reactions and overdose.

The main physico-chemical properties of the drug is a round shape, a convex surface on both sides, and color - from light cream to brown with small inclusions.

This form of release does not allow the use of the drug in children under 3 years, but each tablet contains a certain amount of active substance, which ensures the use of the drug without dividing the tablet into parts.

The tablet form of the drug is easy to use, as it is strictly dosed and does not cause a large number of adverse reactions.

[5],

Pharmacodynamics

Kagocel is an antiviral drug, which determines its mechanism of action. The drug is a stimulant for interferon production.

Pharmacodynamics Kagocel provides products of late interferon, represented by a combination of alpha and beta interferons, which are characterized by a powerful antiviral effect. Kagocel stimulates its production in all cells responsible for the immune response. Among them, the most active are lymphocytes (T- and B-), granulocytes, endothelial and macrophage cells, as well as fibroblasts.

After a single dose of the drug, the interferon titer increases to the maximum level after two days. Further, interferons circulate along the bloodstream for 4-5 days.

Pharmacodynamics Kagocel has a powerful antiviral, antimicrobial and immunomodulating effect if the drug is used no later than the 4th day after the acute onset of an infectious disease. To prevent disease, the drug can be taken at any time, especially after contact with an infectious source.

Pharmacokinetics

The medication is used for oral administration, after a single dose of which activation of interferon production is observed and reaches its maximum level after 48 hours.

When administered orally, only 20% of the drug is taken to the common bloodstream. After a day, the main active substance of the drug accumulates in the tissues of the liver and lungs, thymus gland, urinary organs and lymph nodes.

Pharmacokinetics Kagocel causes a small accumulation in the muscles, plasma part of the blood, myocardium, brain tissues, testes and adipose tissue. A small amount of active substance in the brain is due to the considerable molecular mass of the drug, as a result of which it is unable to penetrate the BBB.

The drug is transported in a bound state along the bloodstream. So, its carriers can be lipids, binding kagocel by 47%, as well as proteins - up to 37%. The remaining 16% of the drug is an unrelated part.

With regular medication for 5-7 days, the pharmacokinetics of Kagocel ensures the maximum grouping of the active substance in the spleen and nodes of the lymphatic system.

The process of removing lekartsva is mainly through the digestive tract. A week after the beginning of the use of the medicine, 90% of the accumulated volume of the medicine is excreted from the body. The intestine removes 90% of the drug, and the kidneys - the remaining 10%. Kagotsel excretory organs of the respiratory system was not detected.

[6], [7]

Dosing and administration

Kagocel is applied orally at the prescribed dosage, with a small amount of water. The way of application and dose depends on the person's age and state of health. In addition, the purpose of the drug should be considered - for treatment or prevention, which also affects the dose.

With the therapeutic purpose of an infectious disease, such as influenza or acute respiratory viral infection, 2 tablets are recommended to be taken three times a day for the first 2 days after the acute onset of clinical symptoms. Then in the next 2 days you should not take more than 1 tablet three times a day. The duration of the therapeutic course is 4 days, during which a person takes about 18 tablets.

 The way of application and dose with a preventive purpose is somewhat different. So, to prevent influenza and SARS, it is recommended to take courses. You need to start with a single intake of 2 tablets for 2 days, after which you need to take a break for 5 days. Then again, repeat the medication and again take a break. Thus, the preventive course can last from a week to a month.

With a therapeutic purpose, children from 3 to 6 years can take the first pill twice a day for the first 2 days, after which the first pill twice a day for a further 2 days. The total duration of the treatment course is 4 days, for which the baby takes 10 tablets.

Children older than 6 years old should take 1 tablet three times a day for 2 days, after which the dose decreases to the 1st pill twice a day for 2 days. For 4 days the child takes 10 tablets.

With the preventive purpose, the course is conducted by 7-day cycles in children over 6 years old. For 2 days you should take 1 pill once a day, after which 5 days you need to take a break and again to repeat the reception. The duration of the preventive course is from a week to a month.

To treat herpetic infection, adults need to take 2 tablets three times a day for up to 5 days. The duration of the treatment course is 5 days, for which the total number of tablets is 30 tablets.

When using tablets in the treatment of urogenital chlamydia as an auxiliary medicine, it is necessary to observe the dosage of 2 tablets three times a day for 5 days.

[12], [13], [14]

Use Kagocel during pregnancy

Throughout the pregnancy in the body of a woman there are cardinal changes pertaining to almost all organs and systems. All 9 months from the pregnant woman requires huge forces to ensure optimal conditions for full growth and development of the fetus.

In addition to changes in the hormonal background, mammary glands and organs of the female reproductive system, the woman's immunity also lends itself to great "tests".

The use of Kagocel during pregnancy is contraindicated in view of the fact that the drug has an immunostimulating effect, which negatively affects the course of pregnancy and fetal health.

Despite the fact that the formation of organs is observed during the first three months of pregnancy, nevertheless during the rest of the time their growth and development takes place.

The use of Kagocel during pregnancy is prohibited at any time to avoid the threat of termination of pregnancy and deterioration of the condition of both the pregnant and fetus.

In addition, the drug is not allowed to use during the period when the baby is breastfed. When a woman receives a drug, the risk of getting the active ingredient into the milk and, accordingly, to the baby is increased, which is unacceptable at his age.

Contraindications

Due to the fact that each organism is unique, the reactions to taking the medication can also be completely different. The presence of such manifestations is due to the individual characteristics of the organism. One of the contraindications to the use of Kagocel is considered to be the hypersensitivity of a person to the main active ingredient or auxiliary components.

In addition, contra-indications for the use of Kagocel include children under 3 years of age, but up to 6 years of age it is not recommended to use the drug for preventive purposes, only for the treatment of infectious respiratory diseases.

One of the most important contraindications is the period of pregnancy and breastfeeding of the baby, since the use of Kagocel can have a negative effect on the course of pregnancy and the state of the health of the fetus.

It is worth remembering that the drug can not be used by people who are deficient in lactase, or are intolerant of this enzyme. In addition, glucose-galactose malabsorption is considered a contraindication.

Contraindications to the use of Kagocel suggest a ban on the use of such drugs, if there have already been adverse reactions to the taking of the drug in the anamnesis.

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Side effects Kagocel

Depending on the composition of the drug and human heredity, there may be side effects on the part of the drug when used. After a single or several Kagocel receptions, an allergic reaction may appear in a person.

Its main clinical symptoms are systemic manifestations in the form of weakness, dizziness, headache, nausea and pain in the abdomen. Side effects Kagocel can manifest solely by rashes on the skin, sensation of tingling, itching, increased sensitivity and small swelling.

Side effects of Kagocel can manifest itself at any age, depending on the level of sensitivity of the organism and the predisposition laid genetically.

As soon as any clinical symptoms that are not characteristic of Kagocel are observed, it is necessary to cancel its further use. In addition, you should contact a specialist to conduct a study and exclude overdose.

In general, Kagocel is tolerated well enough provided that the dosage and recommendations for multiplicity of application are observed. Also, before using the drug, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the contraindications of the drug to avoid deterioration of the condition.

[9], [10], [11]

Overdose

At observance of dosages and frequency of reception the overdosage is practically excluded. However, it is still recommended to know the clinical manifestations of an overdose in order to cancel the drug in time and take measures to promptly remove the drug.

Overdose may manifest nausea, vomiting, dizziness, weakness and pain in the stomach. In this case, it is recommended to go to the hospital for gastric lavage in a hospital, as well as for "forced diuresis".

Gastric lavage is performed in order to remove the remnants of the drug that are still in the stomach and stop further absorption of the drug.

To accelerate the process of removing the drug from the body, it is necessary to conduct detoxification therapy and stimulate the excretion of the drug with furosemide.

In the future, it is necessary to strictly control the dosage in order to avoid the re-development of an overdose. This is especially true for toddlers, since they are most sensitive to various medicines.

Interactions with other drugs

The medicine is well tolerated by the body, but it is worth considering the interaction of Kagocel with other drugs. In view of the fact that the drug is used to control infectious agents for influenza and ARVI, in some cases, one Kagocel is not enough to fight infection.

In this case, it is recommended to use in parallel an additional antiviral agent that does not inhibit the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of Kagocel. In general, antiviral drugs are allowed to be used with Kagocel to enhance the therapeutic effect.

The interaction of Kagocel with other drugs, for example, antibacterial agents is also absolutely safe. In most cases, in addition to viral infection of the body, a second infection of a bacterial nature is observed. As a result, for the treatment of the disease, both an antiviral agent and an antibacterial agent are required.

In addition, Kagocel can be used in parallel with immunomodulators, but it is necessary to strictly adhere to their dosages in order to avoid excessive stimulation of interferon production and activation of the immune system.

[15], [16], [17]

Storage conditions

To ensure that the medicinal properties of the drug persist for a certain period of time (shelf life), it is necessary to follow the recommendations for its storage.

Kagocel storage conditions assume the maintenance of the optimum temperature regime, humidity and illumination. For this medicine it is necessary to keep the temperature not more than 25 degrees.

In addition, it should be borne in mind that when direct sunlight hits, the drug may change its structure, resulting in impaired pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.

Thus, the drug loses its healing properties. In order to avoid this, it is recommended that the storage conditions of Kagocel be maintained throughout the shelf life.

Especially pay attention to the access of children to the medicine. If the guys find the drug, it is possible to take it in large quantities, which threatens with overdose or poisoning. At this age, the symptoms of side effects can manifest themselves with maximum force, which threatens the health and lives of babies.

[18],

Shelf life

In the production of a medicinal product, its expiry date must be indicated. It consists of the production date and the last reception. These data are indicated on the outer carton for quick access.

In addition, the expiration date is indicated on each blister with the drug. If the outer packaging is lost, the date of the last use should still be known to avoid the use of the drug at the end of the expiry date.

During this period, the medicine retains its medicinal properties while observing the recommendations on the storage conditions. If the drug was in a room where the temperature was significantly higher than 25 degrees and the sun's rays hit, it is possible that the medicine changed its structure. Thus, most of its healing effects can be lost before the expiration date.

[19], [20]