Daryliya

Darylium is an oral contraceptive, consisting of a typical combination of drospirenone and ethinylestradiol. Medicines with a similar composition allow a woman to prevent an unwanted pregnancy by acting on the maturation processes of the endometrium (inner layer of the uterus) and ovulation. Active substances when ingested act as the body's own hormones and have almost no effect on health. In addition, the use of Darylia or other similar drugs can be indicated for certain abnormalities of the menstrual cycle.
 

Indications of the daryliya

Darylia is prescribed as an oral contraceptive.  

Release form

Darylium is available in the form of tablets that are coated.

Pharmacodynamics

The action of Darylium is based on an integrated combination of various factors, the main one of which is the containment of ovulation and the change in the endometrium. The drug refers to combined oral contraceptives, which contain the progestogen drospirenone and ethinyl estradiol.

In the therapeutic dosage, drospirenone has a mild antimineralocorticoid and antiandrogenic effect. The substance does not possess estrogenic, antiglucocorticoid, glucocorticoid action on the body, due to which drospirenone resembles the action of the natural hormone progesterone.

According to studies, high doses of combined oral contraceptives reduce the likelihood of developing ovarian cancer and endometrium. 

Pharmacokinetics

Darylium, when taken orally, is quickly and completely absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. In blood, the active substance reaches its maximum value after about 60-120 minutes. The bioavailability of the drug is not significantly affected by eating.

In the body, binding of drospirenone to serum albumin is observed (the substance does not bind to globulin).

Excretion of drospirenone from the body takes place in an unchanged form with urine and feces.

With renal dysfunction, there are no abnormalities. In the case of renal insufficiency of the middle form, the level of drospirenone in the blood is 37% higher than in women with normal kidneys. Treatment with drugs that contain drospirenone is usually well tolerated by patients with moderate impairment of renal function.

Ethinyl estradiol, as well as drospirenone, is rapidly and completely absorbed in the digestive system. After 60-120 minutes in the blood, the maximum level of the substance is observed.

Studies have shown that the bioavailability of the substance was reduced after eating food in 25% of the volunteers, the rest of the participants of the special changes were not recorded.

In the blood, ethinyl estradiol is bound to serum albumin.

Excretion of the substance occurs in the form of metabolites by the kidneys and gall bladder (half-life - about a day).

The studies did not show any significant differences in pharmacokinetic properties after the use by women of the Mongoloid and Europoid race. 

Dosing and administration

In one Darylium blister, 24 tablets, which contain active substances and 4 tablets-placebo.  

A drug is prescribed daily for 1 tablet, preferably at one time. On each blister is indicated the order of the use of tablets.

The drug is taken without interruption. Menstruation-like discharge begins a few days after the start of taking the tablets-placebo.

Begin the use from the first day of menstruation. After the abortion, if necessary, the medication is prescribed from the day of surgery (it is not necessary to use other methods of contraception).

The drug is taken on a daily basis, if the reception time was missed, but less than twelve hours have elapsed since the pass, you need to drink the missed pill, while a decrease in contraceptive effect is not observed. If the interval has exceeded twelve hours, then it should act depending on the day of the cycle.

If the drug was missed from the first to the seventh day, then you need to drink it at the first opportunity, you can take just two pills (missed and the next). In this case, it is better to use additional contraceptives.

From the eighth to the fourteenth day you should drink the missed pill at the first opportunity, you can take just two pills (missed and the next). If the first week in the reception of pills there were no violations, use additional contraceptive means is not necessary, in other cases it is recommended to be protected.

From the fifteenth to the twenty-fourth day, if there were no missing pills in the first two weeks, other means of contraception need not be used.

If you miss taking pills on these days, you can choose one of the following ways:

• at the first opportunity to drink a missed pill (you can drink two tablets at once), then continue the usual reception of active tablets, then without taking a placebo start taking active tablets from the next blister. At this time the probability of the onset of menstrual-like secretions is extremely low (minor bleeding may occur);
• immediately start taking a placebo, then start a course of pills from a new blister

In the case of a missed pill and the absence of menstrual-like secretions during a normal break, perhaps the onset of pregnancy, in this case, a specialist consultation is required.

When vomiting occurs after Darylium pills, the absorption of active ingredients may not occur completely and it is better to use additional contraceptives.

If within three to four hours after receiving the pill vomiting, you need after improving the condition to drink another tablet.

If there was a need to shift the day of the onset of menstrual-like secretions, you can not take a placebo, but start immediately taking active pills from a new blister (take the pills for as many days as you want to shift the first day of menstruation). These days there is a high probability of bloody discharge.

After the day of menstruation is shifted to the desired day, the drug should be restored in the usual way.

To offset the onset of menses-like secretions, take a smaller amount of placebo. It should be noted that the smaller the interval between taking active tablets, the more likely the occurrence of bloody discharge.

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Use of the daryliya during pregnancy

Darilia is not prescribed to pregnant women. Some epidemiological studies have shown that the use of combined oral contraceptives does not lead to the development of congenital abnormalities in the child and does not adversely affect the course of pregnancy, however, experts recommend that you stop using contraceptives with the onset of pregnancy. 

Contraindications

Darylium is not prescribed with increased susceptibility to certain components of the drug, venous or arterial thromboembolic diseases, angina, transient disorders of cerebral blood flow, cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes, high blood pressure, predisposition to arterial or venous thrombosis, pancreatitis, severe liver, kidney, cancer tumors, vaginal bleeding with an unidentified cause, pregnancy, migraines with local neurological symptoms toms in the past. 

Side effects of the daryliya

Darylia in rare cases can provoke anemia, candidiasis, allergic reactions, endocrine system disorders, appetite disorder, changes in blood composition, sleep disturbance, lack of orgasm, dizziness, trembling of limbs, dry mucous membranes, impaired vision, headaches, palpitations, vascular disease , nosebleeds, fainting, disruption of the digestive system, inflammation of the gallbladder, redness, itching, acne and other rashes on the skin, soreness in sexual intercourse, inflamed vaginal discharge, bleeding, breast enlargement, pelvic pain, menstrual irregularity, vaginal discharge, vaginal dryness, necrosis of the inner layer of the uterus, cystic ovaries, increased sweating, increased or decreased weight.

Also in some cases liver tumors, inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract (Crohn's disease), increased pigmentation of the skin, chorea were recorded. 

Daryl in most cases is well tolerated. Some women after the reception note pain in the lower abdomen, nausea, weight gain, increased sexual desire, but, as a rule, after three months the condition should be normalized. 

Overdose

Data on cases of an overdose of Daryl is extremely small. In some cases vomiting vaginal bleeding is noted. Treatment in this case is symptomatic. 

Interactions with other drugs

Darylium with simultaneous reception with other oral contraceptives can provoke bleeding or a decrease in the contraceptive effect.

Phenytoids, barbiturates, primidone, rifampicin, oxcarbazepine, felbomate, ritonavir, griseofulvin, topiramate, preparations with St. John's wort may increase the level of sex hormones.

During treatment with drugs that affect hepatic enzymes, it is recommended to use additional methods of contraception.

Antibiotics penicillin and tetracycline series can reduce the level of ethinyl estradiol.

Oral contraceptives can alter the metabolism of other medicines.

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Storage conditions

Daryl should be protected in a place protected from moisture and sunlight. The storage temperature should not exceed 25 ^° C. The medicine is stored in its original packaging without violating its integrity. 

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Shelf life

Darylium is suitable for two years from the date of manufacture and proper storage.