Neurinoma (schwannoma): causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Neurilemoma (syn: neurinoma, schwannoma) - a benign tumor of neirolemmotsitov skull or spinal peripheral nerves. It is localized in the subcutaneous tissue of the head, trunk and extremities along the nerve trunks. The tumor is usually single, round or oval, more often of a dense consistency, pinkish-yellow in color, no more than 5 cm in diameter. It can be painful, sometimes with irradiation of pain along the course of the corresponding nerve.
Pathomorphology of neurinoma (Schwannoma). The tumor is encapsulated, according to the histological structure it is divided into types Anthony A and B.
In the first type, the tumor consists of interwoven thin fibrous structures, colored with picrofuxin into yellow, grouped in the form of bundles that go randomly or form rhythmic structures. Between the fibers there are oval or elongated cells forming palisade-shaped structures. In some parts of the tumor, the bodies of Verokai are found, which are the areas devoid of nuclei around which the cells are located in a palisade, which is pathognomonic for the Antoni A. Type. In the Anthony B type, a parallel arrangement of tumor elements is prevalent in the form of fine fiber bundles surrounded by a connective tissue with a large number tissue basophils. There is a mucoid transformation of the stroma of the tumor, sometimes with the formation of small pseudocysts. Between these types of neurilemoma there may be intermediate species.
Histogenesis of neurinoma (Schwannoma). Electron microscopy revealed that the tumor elements are typical neurolematocytes, the cytoplasmic membrane of which is closely attached to the basal membrane. At type Anthony In there are dystrophic changes nejrolemotsitov, in a cytoplasm of which massive vacuoles, sometimes with myelin structures are revealed. These cells, as a rule, do not have a basal membrane.
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