Renicin

Renicin is an antimicrobial drug with a systemic effect. It is included in the macrolide group of drugs. Its active ingredient is roxithromycin, a semi-artificial macrolide antibiotic.

The antibacterial range of the substance roxithromycin includes both gram-negative and β-positive anaerobes with aerobes. [1]

The drug substance has bacteriostatic activity. Its properties include slowing down the processes of protein binding within the walls of pathogenic microbes. [2]

Indications Renicin

It is used in case of the appearance of infections associated with bacteria that are sensitive to roxithromycin:

• lesions in the upper part of the respiratory ducts ( sinusitis in the active phase or infections affecting the throat);
• odontogenic infections;
• otitis media ;
• lesions of the lower region of the respiratory tract (bronchitis or pneumonia);
• infections associated with the epidermis and subcutaneous tissues;
• infection in the urogenital tract;
• whooping cough or diphtheria;
• simple acne;
• active gastroenterocolitis and general infections associated with Campylobacter Jeuni;
• ulcers in the gastrointestinal tract and gastritis of a chronic nature caused by the action of Helicobacter pylori (in complex treatment);
• lesions associated with the influence of legionella, mycoplasma or chlamydia;
• other bacterial infections associated with the activity of microbes sensitive to roxithromycin in persons diagnosed with penicillin intolerance;
• prevention of the development of rheumatism.

Release form

The drug is released in the form of tablets with a volume of 0.15 or 0.3 g.

Pharmacodynamics

Roxithromycin sensitivity is demonstrated by:

• aerobes - staphylococci (among which strains resistant to methicillin) with streptococci, meningococci, corynebacteria, gonococci and Helicobacter pylori, and besides this listeria monocytogenes, gardnerella vaginalis with legionella pneumophila, wax bacillus and coccyllus. Haemophilus influenzae strains have variable sensitivity;
• anaerobes - peptococci, clostridia perfringens, Bacteroides oralis, peptostreptococci with B.melaninogenicus, propionibacterium acne with eubacteria and B.ureolyticus.

Clostridia dificile and bacteroids Fragilis are often resistant to roxithromycin. [3]

The drug has an effect on mycoplasma pneumonia, ureaplasma urealiticum, Rickettsia rickettsii, Chlamidia trachomatis, as well as Conor's rickettsia.

Pharmacokinetics

Roxithromycin is absorbed without complications, reaching plasma Cmax values of 6-8 μg / ml, after 2 hours from the moment of oral administration of a portion of 0.15 g.

The medicine passes well into fluids with tissues (tonsils with lungs and prostate), as well as macrophages.

The antibiotic undergoes partial intrahepatic metabolic processes; most of it is excreted with feces (about 50%), having an unchanged state (another part is excreted in the form of metabolic elements). Approximately 12% is excreted through the kidneys, and another 15% through the lungs. The biological term for the half-life of roxithromycin is quite long, which allows taking the medicine 1-2 times a day.

With oral administration of a dosage of 2.5 mg / kg, the level of roxithromycin exceeding the MIC value continues to persist within the serum for at least 12 hours.

Dosing and administration

Adults (weighing over 40 kg) are often prescribed to take 0.3 g of medication per day - 1 tablet of 0.15 g at 12-hour intervals or 1 tablet of 0.3 g at 24-hour intervals; you need to use the drug 15 minutes before eating. Therapy lasts 5-10 days, taking into account medical indications and clinical response. In the case of streptococcal throat lesions, the therapeutic cycle should last at least 10 days. Some patients with urogenital infections of a non-gonococcal nature may need about a 20-day course for a final cure.

Persons with insufficient liver / kidney function (CC values below 0.25 ml / s) are required to use 1 tablet 0.15 g once a day before meals.

Children are prescribed the use of 5-8 mg / kg per day with the introduction of 2 equal servings. The treatment cycle usually lasts 5-10 days. With streptococcal throat infections, this cycle is at least 10 days. Do not enter the child in dosages exceeding the standard ones, as well as carry out therapy for more than 10 days.

• Application for children

Cannot be used on persons under 3 years of age.

Use Renicin during pregnancy

It is allowed to use roxithromycin in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy only if there are strict indications, under constant medical supervision. In the 1st trimester, the medicine is not used.

Renicin is excreted in breast milk, which is why it cannot be used during lactation. If taking an antibiotic is extremely important for the mother, it is necessary to stop breastfeeding during therapy.

Contraindications

It is contraindicated to prescribe in case of intolerance associated with roxithromycin or other element of the drug, as well as with any macrolide.

Side effects Renicin

Side symptoms appear only occasionally and even less often require discontinuation of treatment. Disorders in the gastrointestinal tract (vomiting, spasms, loss of appetite, constipation or diarrhea, flatulence and nausea) are possible. Occasionally, epidermal signs of intolerance (rash, hives, or itching) develop and the temperature rises. A temporary increase in bilirubin or intrahepatic enzymes is possible.

Disorder in the liver is observed in isolated cases and is a temporary side effect.

Dizziness, tachycardia, ear noise and headaches also occur occasionally.

Overdose

In case of poisoning with macrolides, vomiting with nausea usually appears. Occasionally, hepatic damage develops.

With the development of disorders, it is necessary to perform gastric lavage and carry out symptomatic procedures. Renicin has no antidote.

Interactions with other drugs

Roxithromycin must not be used together with substances that contain ergotamine and other ergot alkaloids, because ergotamine can provoke severe ischemia and arterial spasm.

The combined use of the drug and theophylline can provoke an insignificant clinical increase in the serum values of the latter.

It is necessary to very carefully combine roxithromycin with cyclosporine, cisapride, warfarin, as well as terfenadine and astemizole.

Renicin in combination with rifampicin shows synergism.

The combination with chemotherapeutic substances or antibiotics can lead to the development of antagonistic or synergistic effects, which is why it is necessary to determine the effect for each microorganism separately.

Storage conditions

Renicin must be stored in a place closed from the penetration of small children, at temperatures up to 250C.

Shelf life

Renicin can be applied within a 36-month term from the date of manufacture of the drug substance.

Analogs

The analogues of the drug are Xitrocin, Roxid and Remora with Roxylide, and in addition Roxyhexal and Roxisandoz.