Zatsef

Zatsef refers to beta-lactam antibacterial drugs group cephalosporins III generation.

Other trade names for the drug are: Ceftazidime, Ceftidine, Vitsef, Kefadim, Sudothec, Tazitsef, Tizim, Fortazim, etc.

Indications Zatsef

Indications for the use of this drug include the treatment of systemic and local infections: bacteremia and sepsis; inflammation in the abdominal cavity (peritonitis) and the membranes of the brain (meningitis); infected wounds and burns; infectious diseases of the respiratory tract and lungs, gastrointestinal tract, biliary and urinary tract, musculoskeletal system.

Zatsef can be used to treat infections that occur during hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.

Release form

Powder for the preparation of injection solution (1 g bottles).

Pharmacodynamics

Pharmacodynamics of the drug is based on its active substance - beta-lactam antibiotic ceftazidime pentahydrate, which inactivates the enzyme of bacteria transpeptidase. As a result of the deficiency of this enzyme, the process of synthesis of biopolymer peptidoglycan (murein) is blocked - the main component of the walls of microbial cells. In addition, Zatsef releases autolytic enzymes of the cell membrane of microorganisms, which causes its irreversible damage and leads to the death of bacteria.

The drug has a bactericidal effect against many Gram-negative (including Pseudomonas aeruginosa), as well as certain gram-positive microbes (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis), resistant to antibiotics of the group of aminoglycosides.

But on such bacteria as Streptococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus spp., Enterococcus spp., Listeria monocytogenes, Clostridium difficile, Campylobacter spp., Zatsef does not work.

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Pharmacokinetics

After intramuscular injection of a standard dose, Zacef quickly enters the bloodstream, and after 5 minutes, the necessary concentration of the prepah is created in the blood, which lasts for 8-12 hours; the maximum concentration is reached after about 60 minutes.

After intravenous administration of the drug, the highest concentration in the blood is observed on average after 25 minutes. Up to 10% of the antibiotic binds to blood plasma proteins. Also, the drug enters all the fluids within the body, into muscle tissue and bone, into the placenta and breast milk.

In the body, the active substance Zacef (ceftazidime) does not undergo biotransformation, but is eliminated by the kidneys in active form. The half-life is about 120 minutes. Within a day with urine, almost 90% of the injected drug is excreted, with bile (through the intestine) - no more than 1%.

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Dosing and administration

Method of application Zatsef - parenteral (intravenous jet or intramuscular injection).

The dosage is determined by the doctor depending on the diagnosis. The standard dose for adults is 1-6 g per day (2-3 injections, every 8 or 12 hours). For patients of the older age group, the maximum daily dose of Zatsef is 3 g.

Children under two months of age Zacef is prescribed for 25-50 mg per kilogram of body weight (two injections per day). Children aged 2-24 months - 50-100 mg per kilogram of body weight (2-3 injections during the day). When meningitis, as well as the presence of immunodeficiency or hereditary cystic fibrosis - 150 mg per kilogram of body weight (3 injections per day).

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Use Zatsef during pregnancy

Use during pregnancy of a preparation Zatsef, and also in a lactemia, it is counter-indicative.

Contraindications

This drug has such contraindications as individual hypersensitivity to ceftazidime or other antibiotics of the cephalosporin group.

Side effects Zatsef

The most likely side effects of Zacef's application are:

• burning and painful sensations at the injection site;
• inflammation of the vein wall at the injection site;
• headache and dizziness;
• urticaria with pruritus or a skinlike skin rash;
• redness of the skin (including exudative erythema);
• subfebrile body temperature;
• nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, epigastric pain;
• candidiasis inflammation of the mucous membranes of the mouth (due to the attachment of a fungal infection);
• a violation of taste sensations;
• inflammation of the mucous membrane of the vagina or colon;
• numbness and tingling sensation in the limbs (paresthesia), tremor;
• spasm of bronchi;
• impairment of kidney function;
• disorders in blood composition (leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, lymphocytosis, agranulocytosis);
• angioedema.

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Overdose

Overdose of this drug can cause various violations of the brain, convulsions, coma. In such cases, symptomatic treatment is performed; you may need hemodialysis to reduce the concentration of the drug in the blood.

Interactions with other drugs

Simultaneous application of Zaceph and antibiotics of Clindamycin and Vancomycin leads to an increase in the concentration of ceftazidime in the blood plasma.

The effectiveness of the Zacef drug is reduced with the simultaneous use of antibiotics with bacteriostatic action. Zacef (like all cephalosporins) is incompatible with the antibiotics of the Levomycetin group (Levomycetin, Sintomycin, Chloramphenicol, Detreomycin, Levovinisol, etc.).

Zatsef is incompatible with anticoagulants of direct action (heparin). Parallel treatment with drugs that have toxic effects on the kidneys should be done by monitoring the functioning of the kidneys.

As a solvent Zatsef not allowed to use a solution of sodium bicarbonate, which reduces the stability of the injection solution.

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Storage conditions

Store in a dark place, t <+ 25 ° C.

Shelf life

Shelf life - 2 years.