T-phedrine

The number of people suffering from bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exceeds 200 million. Patients with such diagnoses are familiar with frequent attacks of difficulty breathing, lack of oxygen, and suffocation. The pharmacological agent T-phedrine from Elegant India has a symptomatic therapeutic effect in these diseases.

T-phedrine is included in the group of anti-asthmatic drugs for systemic use. The code of the pharmacotherapeutic class is ATC (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical) R03D B04, according to which the drug belongs to substances that affect the respiratory system (letter R). The abbreviation R03 indicates drugs used for obstructive diseases of the respiratory system. Subsequent marking corresponds to theophylline and adrenergic drugs.

Indications T-phedrine

The drug T-fedrine is an effective means of preventing and treating bronchial asthma with broncho-obstruction, chronic broncho-obstructive processes in the lungs and other conditions with bronchospasm.

Indications for the use of T-fedrine include asthma with viscous, difficult to separate sputum, as well as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The drug allows you to get rid of the unstable psycho-emotional state accompanying suffocation, the main signs of which are panic, anxiety or fear.

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Release form

The basis of the drug is: theophylline (100 mg), ephedrine hydrochloride (12 mg), phenobarbital (10 mg). Additional components are: microcrystalline cellulose, magnesium stearate, starch, polyvinylpyrrolidone, talc, sodium starch glycolate.

The drug T-fedrin is available in round, white tablets with beveled edges and notches.

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Pharmacodynamics

The basis of the combination drug is theophylline with ephedrine, which have a pronounced bronchodilator effect, as well as phenobarbital (barbituric acid).

The medicine leads to relaxation of the smooth muscle structures of the bronchi with an increase in their lumen, relieves respiratory spasm, activates the respiratory center, increases the strength and frequency of contraction of the heart muscle, causes expansion of the vascular bed and a diuretic effect.

The pharmacodynamics of T-fedrine is determined by the characteristics of its components:

• theophylline (belongs to the group of methylxanthines) - the bronchodilator properties of this substance are determined by the ability to stop the activity of the phosphodiesterase enzyme and increase the level of cyclic 3'5' adenosine monophosphate (AMP - serves to conduct hormonal signals inside cells) in tissues. The concentration of the latter reduces the calcium content in the myocytes of the muscular membrane of the bronchi, relaxing the muscles and stabilizing the membrane of mast cells. In turn, this slows down the rate of anaphylactic reaction, leading to bronchospasm and swelling of the mucous membrane. Having a dilating effect on the vessels in the kidneys, lungs, skeletal muscles, theophylline lowers the pressure in the artery of the pulmonary system, reducing the overall counteraction at the peripheral level. At the same time, the respiratory center is activated, the blood volume increases, the frequency of contractions of the heart muscle and energy loss of the myocardium;
• Ephedrine is a close analogue of adrenaline in its pharmacological properties, stimulating alpha and beta receptors. Serotonin and histamine are not produced by bronchodilation. Ephedrine activates the respiratory center, has a stimulating effect on the central nervous system;
• Phenobarbital has a pronounced hypnotic, sedative and antispasmodic effect. Due to this component, T-phedrine has a soft, but at the same time long-lasting sedative effect, allows you to correct the psycho-emotional behavior of patients with broncho-obstructive syndrome.

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Pharmacokinetics

The components of the anti-asthmatic substance T-phedrine are maximally absorbed in the digestive system.

The binding of theophylline to plasma proteins is about 60%. The distribution of the component in tissues is uniform, and its volumetric index has an average value of 0.5 l/kg. Theophylline is biotransformed in the liver by oxidation and demethylation. The substance, converted into inactive metabolites, is excreted through urination. Theophylline has the ability to overcome the placental barrier and freely penetrate into breast milk. The half-life for adult patients varies from 6 to 10 hours. As for smokers, this figure increases two or more times.

The pharmacokinetics of T-phedrine is determined by two other components - ephedrine and phenobarbital. The latter is 50-60% bound to plasma protein, a quarter of the component is excreted unchanged in urine, the half-life process itself lasts about 100 hours. Ephedrine also leaves the body in its original state, with the exception of a small proportion of metabolites formed in the liver. The half-life is from 3 to 6 hours.

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Dosing and administration

Adult patients take T-fedrin one-half or one tablet once a day. In particularly severe cases, the dosage may be increased to five tablets a day, taken in two or three doses. The method of administration and dosage of the drug for children aged 6-12 years vary from one-half to three parts of one tablet.

To avoid sleep disturbances, the drug is recommended for use during daylight hours. The duration of therapy is determined individually, based on the severity and characteristics of the disease.

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Use T-phedrine during pregnancy

It is not recommended to use T-fedrine during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Contraindications

People who have contraindications to the use of T-fedrine are divided into groups:

• children under six years of age;
• expectant mothers and nursing women;
• patients with severe sleep problems;
• people with individual intolerance to one of the components.

The drug is prohibited for use by patients with arterial hypertension, complex cases of heart disease, glaucoma, liver and kidney dysfunction, hyperthyroidism, atherosclerosis of the cerebral and coronary vessels.

Treatment of elderly people with T-phedrine is recommended under the supervision of a specialist and with special caution. Long-term therapy can cause pharmacological dependence. The use of T-phedrine affects the results of sports doping tests.

The drug T-phedrine reduces concentration, which is unacceptable when driving a vehicle or performing other work that requires increased responsiveness.

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Side effects T-phedrine

Some patients experience adverse effects when taking the drug. Dysfunctions occur in the digestive organs, heart, and nervous system. Side effects of T-phedrine are:

• allergic reactions;
• pain in the stomach;
• symptoms of intoxication (trembling throughout the body, nausea, vomiting);
• instability of the emotional background (anxiety, nervous overexcitement, sleep problems);
• detection of cardiac arrhythmia, increased heart rate;
• pressure surges.

The appearance of the first signs of a side effect of a drug is a reason to stop therapy.

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Overdose

In cases of exceeding the dosage prescribed by the doctor or not following the recommendations in the package insert, severe conditions occur, characterized by muscle tremors, nausea, vomiting. Arrhythmia, tachycardia, acute heart failure, convulsions, and hallucinations are common consequences of non-compliance with the rules of administration.

An overdose of T-phedrine requires gastric lavage and, in some situations, symptomatic treatment.

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Interactions with other drugs

The drug T-fedrine is not used simultaneously with reserpine, methyldopa, griseofulvin, lithium, doxycycline.

It should be remembered that a number of components increase the content of theophylline in the blood serum. These include oral contraceptives, cimetidine, erythromycin, allopurinol and others. The presence of rifampicin in the drug, on the contrary, reduces the concentration of theophylline in the blood. It is not recommended to mix T-phedrine with phenytoin, since the simultaneous use of these drugs reduces the quantitative content of the latter in the blood serum.

Before using any medication, it is necessary to study the principles of interaction of T-phedrine with other drugs in order to avoid adverse effects, including a decrease in the therapeutic effect, the risk of intoxication, etc.

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Storage conditions

Temperature range of 8-25ºС, absence of direct sunlight and moisture are favorable conditions for storing T-fedrine. Like any pharmacological substance, the drug is placed in a place inaccessible to children.

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Shelf life

Shelf life is three years from the date of manufacture.

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