Synaflan

Sinaflan is a medicine from the GCS subgroup. It is a hormonal agent, which determines its high therapeutic effectiveness. It is used to treat signs of allergy, inflammation and itching.

The element fluocinolone acetonide is synthesized with specific endings of the cellular cytoplasm, resulting in potentiation of mRNA binding. This effect leads to the development of various processes associated with cellular metabolism. [ 1 ]

Indications Synaflan

It is used in the treatment of various epidermal inflammations of non-infectious nature:

• eczema with different localizations;
• psoriasis, which affects the scalp as well as the body;
• atopic dermatitis;
• lesions of a seborrheic nature;
• lichen planus;
• neurodermatitis;
• epidermal itching of unknown origin;
• discoid lupus erythematosus;
• rash of allergic etiology;
• erythema multiforme;
• minor burns;
• inflammatory lesion in the area of the insect bite.

Release form

The medicinal substance is released in the form of ointment and liniment - inside tubes of 10 or 15 g. In addition, it is produced in the form of gel and cream.

Pharmacodynamics

Among the clinically significant properties of the drug that affect cells, the following are distinguished:

• stimulation of the binding of lipocorticoid proteins (including lipomodulin), which causes suppression of the activity of phospholipase A2, which is one of the important factors in the progression of inflammation;
• stabilization of the cell wall, which helps prevent the development of edema;
• increasing the rate of protein catabolism;
• weakening of the migration of B- and T-lymphocytes and destruction of the interaction of these cells;
• slowing down the accumulation of macrophages with leukocytes in the area of inflammation;
• inhibition of hyaluronidase activity and a decrease in the levels of formed leukotrienes and arachidonic acid;
• alteration of the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism by reducing tissue glucose uptake, which may cause its blood level to increase;
• promoting fluid and sodium ion retention, stimulating calcium excretion with potassium, and also weakening the ability to absorb Ca;
• increased binding of erythropoietins.

Such an effect on cellular metabolism leads to a noticeable medicinal effect in various epidermal inflammatory processes. [ 2 ]

Pharmacokinetics

Fluocinolone acetonide freely penetrates into all skin layers, accumulating inside the stratum corneum (may be observed even after 15 days from the end of therapy). A small amount of the drug is observed in the bloodstream.

Biotransformation processes are carried out inside the liver with the formation of inactive metabolic elements. Excretion occurs mainly through the kidneys. [ 3 ]

The absorption of the drug is more intense in children, when treating large areas of the epidermis, facial skin or damaged skin, and also with constant use.

Dosing and administration

Schemes for using the ointment.

The ointment should be applied to the affected area of skin 1-2 times a day, rubbing it in a little. For an adult, the treatment cycle is up to 10 days, and for a child - a maximum of 5 days; facial skin can be treated for only 1 day.

It is forbidden to cover the area treated with the ointment with a bandage (except for use in several types of psoriasis; however, it is extremely important to change it constantly).

Sinaflan ointment should be used in case of dry dermatoses.

Methods of application of liniment.

Treatment with liniment is performed 2-4 times a day. The duration of the treatment cycle is similar to the duration of application of the ointment.

Covering the treated area with a bandage is prohibited, but it is allowed to use an airtight bandage on a small area of the epidermis.

The liniment is recommended for dry dermatoses.

Methods of using gel and cream.

Affected areas are treated 1-4 times per day. The entire cycle lasts a maximum of 14 days.

The cream is mainly prescribed for wet dermatoses, and the gel is used to treat lesions in the scalp.

• Application for children

Sinaflan is not used in children under 2 years of age. Children over 2 years of age are prescribed the drug with caution, under medical supervision and for a short period of time.

In pediatrics, it is prohibited to treat the skin on the face with medication.

Use Synaflan during pregnancy

Due to the limited amount of information regarding the effects of the drug on the fetus and breastfed infant, it is prohibited to prescribe it to pregnant and breastfeeding women.

Contraindications

Main contraindications:

• severe intolerance associated with the active component and additional elements of the medication;
• epidermal lesions of infectious origin (viral, bacterial or fungal);
• epidermal tuberculosis;
• epidermal lesions that are a sign of syphilis;
• application to wounds;
• diaper rash;
• neoplasms and precancerous conditions of the epidermis;
• the presence of a nevus in the area that needs to be treated with the drug;
• psoriasis that has progressed to the formation of plaques;
• acne (when treating pimples that are acne, the pathology may worsen);
• trophic ulcers in the legs (associated with varicose veins);
• use in ophthalmological procedures and treatment of skin in the mammary gland area.

Side effects Synaflan

Side effects develop only occasionally, but they are quite varied:

• subcutaneous and epidermal lesions: hyperkeratosis, urticaria, itching, folliculitis, furunculosis, burning, contact dermatitis of allergic origin and steroid acne. In addition, there is an exacerbation of epidermal lesions that were present at the time of the start of therapy, pigmentation disorder, epidermal irritation, skin atrophy and hair loss or increased growth in the area of treatment of the drug. A rash in the form of spots or papules or peeling of the skin in the area of treatment with the drug is also observed;
• digestive disorders (when treating large areas of the epidermis): steroid-type gastric ulcer or gastritis;
• Endocrine system damage: glucosuria or increased blood sugar levels. The child may experience a slowdown in development and growth. In the case of treatment of large areas of the epidermis, Cushingoid, adrenal insufficiency and steroid diabetes may occur;
• immune disorders: symptoms of intolerance or allergy, exacerbation of chronic diseases, decreased rate of reparative processes, weakened immunity and generalization of infectious lesions;
• problems associated with the functioning of the cardiovascular system: swelling and increased blood pressure.

If the outer surface of the eyelids is treated, there is a risk of developing glaucoma or cataracts.

Overdose

Intoxication may develop if the drug is applied to large areas of the epidermis, and also during prolonged therapy or treatment of highly sensitive areas (for example, facial skin). In addition, there is an increased risk of overdose when using the drug in pediatrics. Possible signs include:

• swelling;
• increase in blood pressure;
• itching or burning in the area where the medicine is being applied;
• increased urinary and blood sugar levels;
• Cushingoid.

In case of intoxication, symptomatic procedures are performed. Along with this, the use of Sinaflan is gradually discontinued.

Interactions with other drugs

The drug interacts with many other medications; it should be used with caution when combined with the following drugs:

• systemic GCS – increase the therapeutic effect of Sinaflan and the risk of side effects from its use;
• non-hormonal anti-inflammatory drugs - increased likelihood of developing systemic and local negative effects of both medications used;
• antiarrhythmic or antihypertensive drugs, potassium and diuretics - weakening the therapeutic effect of the indicated drugs;
• diuretics (excluding potassium-sparing) – increased risk of hypokalemia;
• vaccines - an inadequate immune response may be observed due to a weakening of the immune system, which causes an inability to synthesize a normal amount of the required antibodies;
• immunosuppressants – potentiation of the drug’s action;
• immunostimulants - suppression of the effect of these drugs on immunity.

Storage conditions

Sinaflan should be stored at standard medication temperatures. Do not freeze the medicine.

Shelf life

Sinaflan in the form of an ointment can be used within a 5-year period from the date of sale of the therapeutic product; the shelf life of the liniment is 24 months.

Analogues

Analogues of the drug are the medications Flucederm with Sinoflan-Fitofarm, as well as Flucinar with Flutsar-Darnitsa.

Reviews

Sinaflan generally receives good reviews from patients who have used it. It has high medicinal efficacy, quickly produces the desired effect and is inexpensive.

The disadvantages include the fact that the medication is hormonal, which is why it is not recommended to use it in pediatrics. There are also comments from people who noted that the body quickly got used to the drug, which led to a decrease in effectiveness with further use.